static-strength-training-method-for-type-2-diabetic-mice

Static Strength Training Method for Type 2 Diabetic Mice

The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major difficulty in improving patient health. Exercise is one of the main interventions for T2DM. ...

fixation-and-operational-method-for-abdominal-massage-in-t2dm-mice

Fixation and Operational Method for Abdominal Massage in T2DM Mice

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing global public health issue, affecting over 500 million people worldwide. Although abdominal massage ...

Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

The effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of dry eye has been confirmed, but the association between acupoint selection and therapeutic effect has remained to be elucidated. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of periocular acupoints and periocular acupoints plus body acupoints compared with AT for the treatment of dry eye disease (DED). The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chonqing VIP Information, Co., Ltd. databases were searched with entries until 10 July 2018 considered. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the effects of acupuncture with those of conventional treatment (including AT or other non-acupuncture therapies). The primary outcomes, including tear break-up time (BUT), Schirmer's I test (SIT) result and Symptom scores were analyzed. Subgroup analysis was performed for periocular acupoints only and periocular acupoints plus body acupoints. A total of 12 studies comprising 900 participants were included. In the primary meta-analysis, a significant improvement in the BUT [n=1,209, weighted mean difference (WMD)=1.01, 95% CI: 0.56-1.84, P<0.00001], SIT result (n=1,107, WMD=1.98, 95% CI: 0.44-3.34, P<0.00001) and Symptom scores (n=402, WMD=-1.02, 95% CI: -1.33 to -0.72, P<0.00001) was obtained to evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture and AT. Furthermore, periocular acupoints plus body acupoints were more effective in the treatment of DED. However, the total sample size of subjects with only periocular acupoints in the treatment of DED was too small to get any ﬁrm conclusions. Further large RCTs are warranted.

Acupoint selection for the treatment of dry eye: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

To observe the effect of acupuncture on expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in lacrimal gland of rabbits with dry eye, so as to explore its underlying mechanism in improving dry eye.

[Effect of acupuncture on expression of transfer growth factor-β1 in lacrimal gland of rabbits with dry eye].

We tried to investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) can reduce inflammation of dry eye disease (DED) by regulating 7nAChR and inhibiting the NF-B signaling pathway.

Electroacupuncture Alleviates Inflammation of Dry Eye Diseases by Regulating the 7nAChR/NF-B Signaling Pathway.

Chemerin, an adipocyte-secreted adipokine, is hypothesized to participate in energy homeostasis and glucoregulation. However, the physiologic effect of endogenous chemerin on glucose metabolism is unclear. The present studies tested the hypotheses that chemerin deficiency alters whole-body glucose homeostasis following switches to high-fat diet. Adult, male chemerin knockout and C57BL/6J control wild type mice were studied. During the following 4 weeks, chow- or high-fat diet maintained chemerin knockout mice showed elevated fasting glucose levels and glucose intolerance as well as insulin intolerance. Chemerin deficiency impaired adaptation to glucose and insulin challenge, leading to increased glucose levels. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of GLUT4 and PGC-1α expression in both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue were significantly decreased in chemerin knockout mice relative to the wild type, respectively. Taken together, the results support the hypotheses that chemerin helps adapt glucose metabolism to changes in dietary fat and modulates glucose consumption in mice by activation of PGC-1α/GLUT4 axis. Chemerin may play a significant role in elevation of glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity to promote glucose clearance.

Development of metabolic dysfunction in mice lacking chemerin.

It was reported that chemerin as an adipocyte-secreted protein could regulate bone resorption and bone formation. However, the specific molecular and gene mechanism of the chemerin role is unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of chemerin in bone metabolism.

Loss of chemerin triggers bone remodeling in vivo and in vitro.

Age is a major risk factor for developing metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. There is an unprecedented rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes in recent decades. A convincing majority of brain-gut peptides are associated with a higher risk to develop metabolic disorders, and may contribute to the pathophysiology of age-related metabolic diseases. Accumulating basic studies revealed an intriguing role of kisspeptin and galanin involved in the amelioration of insulin resistance in different ways. In patients suffered from obesity and diabetes a significant, sex-related changes in the plasma kisspeptin and galanin levels occurred. Kisspeptin is anorexigenic to prevent obesity, its level is negatively correlative with obesity and insulin resistance. While galanin is appetitive to stimulate food intake and body weight, its level is positively correlative with obesity, HOMA-IR and glucose/triglyceride concentration. In turn, kisspeptin and galanin also distinctly increase glucose uptake and utilization as well as energy expenditure. This article reviews recent evidence dealing with the role of kisspeptin and galanin in the pathophysiology of age-related metabolic diseases. It should be therefore taken into account that the targeted modulation of those peptidergic signaling may be potentially helpful in the future treatment of age-related metabolic diseases.

Emerging roles of kisspeptin/galanin in age-related metabolic disease.

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on ocular surface sensory neuralgia and the expression of P2X receptor (P2XR) and protein kinase C(PKC)in cornea and trigeminal ganglion (TG) in dry eye disease (DED) guinea pigs, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of ocular surface sensory neuralgia in DED.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on ocular surface sensory neuralgia and expression of P2X receptor and PKC in cornea and trigeminal ganglion of dry eye guinea pigs].

The global incidence of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with dry eye is increasing annually, which imposes additional healthcare costs and financial burden on families and societies. In clinical practice, artificial tears are often used for symptomatic treatment, but these can only relieve the symptoms of discomfort. Acupuncture is a widely used alternative therapy. Indeed, randomised trials have found that acupuncture confers a definite therapeutic effect on patients with T2DM with dry eye. However, systematic reviews on the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture are lacking, therefore this systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for T2DM with dry eye.

Acupuncture for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with dry eye: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical effects of abdominal massage on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its influence on the intestinal microflora. We conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial. A total of 60 patients with T2DM, who met the inclusion criteria, were randomly allocated to the control group, the routine massage group, and the abdominal massage group. The control group received health education and maintained their hypoglycemic drug treatment plan. The routine massage group and the abdominal massage group received different massage interventions. In addition to glucose and lipid metabolism indicators, we quantitatively analyzed the gut microbiota to assess the effects of massage on the intestinal microflora of patients with T2DM. Compared with the control group, the abdominal massage improved levels of glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, Enterobacter, and Bifidobacteria with significant differences ( = 0.02,  = 0.03,  = 0.03, and  = 0.03). The comparison within group showed that the levels of the four bacterial genera in the abdominal massage group revealed significant differences before and after treatment ( = 0.006,  < 0.001,  < 0.001, and  = 0.002). The comparison between the routine massage group and the abdominal massage group was not significantly different in all levels of test indices. The abdominal massage group regulated levels of Enterobacter and Lactobacilli to a greater extent than the routine massage group. Additionally, abdominal massage decreased Enterococcus levels. The results of this study showed that abdominal massage has clinical advantages over routine massage. Specifically, this intervention may correct microflora disturbances to a certain extent.

Clinical Effect of Abdominal Massage Therapy on Blood Glucose and Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanism of improvement in dry eye diseases (DEDs) treated by acupuncture. The inflammatory molecules and related pathways will be analyzed in our study.

Qingbo Wei

College of Acupuncture and Massage,
School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina,
and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation,
School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation

Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

Static Strength Training Method for Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Fixation and Operational Method for Abdominal Massage in T2DM Mice