サインイン

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.

Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate. This is achieved by forming different types of membrane protrusions, depending on the cell type and the extracellular signals. Primarily, cells move by recurrent cycles of protrusion and attachment of the cell front to the substratum, followed by detachment and retraction at their rear end.

The human genome encodes six highly conserved actin proteins—ACTC1, ACTA1, ACTA2, ACTG1, ACTG2, and ACTB; all expressed in different cell types. Mutations in any of these six actin genes or the genes encoding actin-binding proteins can lead to disease. For example, mutations in the ACTA1 gene can lead to muscle weakness, especially in the respiratory muscles, which can cause breathing difficulties — a condition called Nemaline Myopathy. Similarly, mutations in the WAS gene, a key regulator of actin filament nucleation, which is important for cell adhesion, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis of immune cells, causes Wiskott Aldrich syndrome in humans.

タグ

ActinActin PolymerizationCell MotilityActin CytoskeletonMembrane ProtrusionsCell MigrationActin GenesActin binding ProteinsNemaline MyopathyWiskott Aldrich Syndrome

章から 30:

article

Now Playing

30.2 : Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

細胞の分極と移動

4.9K 閲覧数

article

30.1 : 細胞移動

細胞の分極と移動

4.6K 閲覧数

article

30.3 : 膜突起の種類

細胞の分極と移動

2.7K 閲覧数

article

30.4 : ラメリポディア形成のメカニズム

細胞の分極と移動

2.4K 閲覧数

article

30.5 : 糸状仮足の形成メカニズム

細胞の分極と移動

2.2K 閲覧数

article

30.6 : Invasadopodiaを介したがん細胞の移動

細胞の分極と移動

2.2K 閲覧数

article

30.7 : ブレビングによる細胞運動性

細胞の分極と移動

1.8K 閲覧数

article

30.8 : 細胞遊走におけるミオシンの役割

細胞の分極と移動

2.2K 閲覧数

article

30.9 : Rhoタンパク質による細胞分極

細胞の分極と移動

2.6K 閲覧数

article

30.10 : 走化性および細胞移動の方向

細胞の分極と移動

3.3K 閲覧数

article

30.11 : 細胞遊走における細胞骨格協調

細胞の分極と移動

4.7K 閲覧数

JoVE Logo

個人情報保護方針

利用規約

一般データ保護規則

研究

教育

JoVEについて

Copyright © 2023 MyJoVE Corporation. All rights reserved