<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/51743">Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology</a></h2>
William S. Phipps*1, Zhizhong Yin*1, Candice Bae1, Julia Z. Sharpe1, Andrew M. Bishara2, Emily S. Nelson3, Aaron S. Weaver3, Daniel Brown4, Terri L. McKay3, DeVon Griffin3, Eugene Y. Chan1
1DNA Medicine Institute, 2Harvard Medical School, 3NASA Glenn Research Center, 4ZIN Technologies
Spaceflight blood diagnostics need innovation. Few demonstrations have been published illustrating in-flight, reduced-gravity health diagnostic technology. Here we present a method for construction and operation of a parabolic flight test rig for a prototype point-of-care flow-cytometry design, with components and preparation strategies adaptable to other setups.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/52033">Radio Frequency Identification and Motion-sensitive Video Efficiently Automate Recording of Unrewarded Choice Behavior by Bumblebees</a></h2>
Levente L. Orb&#225;n, Catherine M.S. Plowright
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa
This video describes Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) and motion-sensitive video recording methods to monitor choice behavior by bumblebees. 
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/51618">Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses</a></h2>
Jessica E. Garb
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell
This article provides a protocol for the extraction of venom from spiders using electrical stimulation in order to 1) conduct proteomic characterization, 2) stimulate venom gland gene expression, and 3) perform functional studies of venoms. This is followed by a description of venom gland microdissections for gene expression studies.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/52131">Unraveling the Unseen Players in the Ocean - A Field Guide to Water Chemistry and Marine Microbiology</a></h2>
Andreas Florian Haas1, Ben Knowles1, Yan Wei Lim1, Tracey McDole Somera2, Linda Wegley Kelly1, Mark Hatay1, Forest Rohwer1
1Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 2Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego
Here, we present a comprehensive protocol to assess the organic and inorganic nutrient availability and the abundance and structure of microbial and viral communities in remote marine environments.

november 2014: this month in jove: flow cytometry in space, venom extraction from spiders, decision making in bumblebees, and oceanic microbial communities

Here's a look at what's coming up in the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/93">November 2014 issue</a> of <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/biology">JoVE Biology</a>, we have a lot of videos that use <a href="http://www.jove.com/search?q=flow+cytometry">flow cytometry</a>, which detects particles in suspension based on their fluorescence or their ability to absorb or scatter light. This technology allows blood and other heterogeneous cell mixtures to be sorted into cell populations. This has many biomedical applications, and this month, JoVE takes flow cytometry to a whole new level with a protocol that can be performed in space.
<a href="http://www.jove.com/video/51743">Phipps et al.</a> demonstrate how to construct a flow cytometry rig that can operate in zero-gravity conditions. Then, they take it aboard a reduced-gravity aircraft, which creates a weightless environment at certain points in its parabolic flight path. Besides showing how to operate the flow cytometer, Phipps et al. demonstrate techniques for staying in control and avoiding nausea on reduced-gravity aircrafts, known affectionately as "vomit comets" to those who have flown on them. With these methods, vital diagnostics and experiments based on flow cytometry may be taken into space.
Also in <a href="http://www.jove.com/biology">JoVE Biology</a>, we examine the western black widow spider. The female western widow makes deadly venom that is full of neurotoxins, so scientists are interested in isolating and characterizing the venom's components. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/51618">Garb</a> demonstrates how to extract the venom, which can be subjected to protein analysis or functional assays. It also shows how to isolate venom glands from the spiders for gene expression studies. These methods may reveal important cellular pathways that are induced by venom, or provide leads for drug development.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/neuro">JoVE Neuroscience</a>, bees are often used to model learning, memory, and behavior. This month, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/52033">Orb&#225;n and Plowright</a> use two automated systems to study choice behavior in bumblebees One method is based on radio frequency identification (RFID). The researchers place RFID-enabled tags on the bumblebees and show them artificial flowers with RFID readers. Every time a tagged bumblebee enters a flower, it is automatically recorded. In a second method, the bumblebees receive colored tags with numbers, and motion-sensitive high-definition video cameras capture various behaviors associated with choice, like approach, hovering, and landing. These techniques can reveal how bees choose one flower over another, and delve into the root of perception and choice in animals.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/enviro">JoVE Environment</a>, many natural resources come from the ocean, and tiny microorganisms and chemicals are critical components of marine ecosystems. This month, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/52131">Haas et al.</a> describe how to collect seawater samples, and present a series of validated protocols to analyze chemical and microbial components. The set of protocols provides an up to date approach to studying the microscopic and chemical makeup of the ocean.
You've just had a sneak peek of the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/93">November 2014 issue</a> of JoVE. Visit the website to see the full-length articles, plus many more, in <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about November 2014: This Month in JoVE: Flow Cytometry in Space, Venom Extraction from Spiders, Decision Making in Bumblebees, and Oceanic Microbial Communities at

November 2014: This Month in JoVE: Flow Cytometry in Space, Venom Extraction from Spiders, Decision Making in Bumblebees, and Oceanic Microbial Communities

Here's a look at what's coming up in the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/93">November 2014</a> issue of JoVE.

Here's a look at what's coming up in the November 2014 issue of JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.
In JoVE Biology, we have a lot of videos that ...

november-2014-this-month-jove-flow-cytometry-space-venom-extraction

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2.0K ビュー.  Massachusetts Eye and Ear. Here's a look at what's coming up in the November 2014 issue of JoVE.

ビデオ: November 2014: This Month in JoVE: Flow Cytometry in Space, Venom Extraction from Spiders, Decision Making in Bumblebees, and Oceanic Microbial Communities

extraction of venom and venom gland microdissections from spiders for proteomic and transcriptomic analyses

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

This article provides a protocol for the extraction of venom from spiders using electrical stimulation in order to 1) conduct proteomic characterization, 2) stimulate venom gland gene expression, and 3) perform functional studies of venoms. This is followed by a description of venom gland microdissections for gene expression...

microbial communities in nature and laboratory - interview

Microbial Communities in Nature and Laboratory - Interview

characterizing microbiome dynamics &#8211; flow cytometry based workflows from pure cultures to natural communities

Characterizing Microbiome Dynamics &amp;#8211; Flow Cytometry Based Workflows from Pure Cultures to Natural Communities

Flow cytometric analysis has proven valuable for investigating pure cultures and monitoring microbial community dynamics. We present three comprehensive workflows, from sampling to data analysis, for pure cultures and complex communities in clear medium as well as in challenging matrices,...

Characterizing Microbiome Dynamics &#8211; Flow Cytometry Based Workflows from Pure Cultures to Natural Communities

captive maintenance and venom extraction of tityus serrulatus (brazilian yellow scorpion) for antivenom production

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Scorpion Venom Extraction for Antivenom Production 

Here, we present successful maintenance and venom extraction protocols for large-scale Tityus serrulatus Lutz and Mello, 1922 (Brazilian yellow scorpion) husbandry, with the aim of providing venom for subsequent scorpion antivenom production to meet the demand of the Brazilian health...

Rearing of Brazilian Yellow Scorpion for Venom Extraction

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isolation and analysis of microbial communities in soil, rhizosphere, and roots in perennial grass experiments

Isolation and Analysis of Microbial Communities in Soil, Rhizosphere, and Roots in Perennial Grass Experiments

Excavation of plant roots from the field as well as processing of samples into endosphere, rhizosphere, and soil are described in detail, including DNA extraction and data analysis methods. This paper is designed to enable other laboratories to use these techniques for the study of soil, endosphere, and rhizosphere...

imaging flow cytometry to study microbial autoaggregation

Author Spotlight: Advancing Research in Microbial Autoaggregation Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

This protocol describes a quantitative approach to measure microbial autoaggregation using imaging flow...

Imaging Flow Cytometry to Study Microbial Autoaggregation

extracting venom from the parasitoid wasp trichogramma dendrolimi using an artificial host

Author Spotlight: Efficient Venom Extraction Method from Trichogramma Parasitoid Wasps 

Here, we present a protocol for extracting venom from Trichogramma dendrolimi using an artificial host created with polyethylene film and amino acid...

Artificial Host Parasitization by &lt;em&gt;Trichogramma dendrolimi&lt;/em&gt; and Venom Extraction

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Quantitative Analysis of Microbial Autoaggregation Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

https://cloudfront.jove.com/CDNSource/teasers/65788_b.jpg

extraction and analysis of microbial phospholipid fatty acids in soils

Extraction and Analysis of Microbial Phospholipid Fatty Acids in Soils

Phospholipid fatty acids provide information about the structure of soil microbial communities. We present methods for extraction from soil samples with a single-phase chloroform mixture, fractionation of extracted lipids using solid phase extraction columns, and methanolysis to produce fatty acid methyl esters, which are analyzed by capillary gas...

combining fluidic devices with microscopy and flow cytometry to study microbial transport in porous media across spatial scales

Combining Fluidic Devices with Microscopy and Flow Cytometry to Study Microbial Transport in Porous Media Across Spatial Scales

Breakthrough curves (BTCs) are efficient tools to study the transport of bacteria in porous media. Here we introduce tools based on fluidic devices in combination with microscopy and flow cytometric counting to obtain...

venom extraction from brazilian yellow scorpions

Venom Extraction from Brazilian Yellow Scorpions  

analyzing gene expression from marine microbial communities using environmental transcriptomics

Analyzing Gene Expression from Marine Microbial Communities using Environmental Transcriptomics

We present a method for generating cDNA from environmental mRNA. In general, total RNA is first collected from the environment, rRNA is selectively removed, mRNA is selectively amplified, and cDNA synthesized from the enriched mRNA pool is sequenced. Recovered sequences can be annotated using standard bioinformatics techniques to identify the expressed...

studying microbial communities in vivo: a model of host-mediated interaction between candida albicans and pseudomonas aeruginosa in the airways

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

While in vitro study of host-pathogen interactions allow the characterization of specific immune responses, in vivo models are required to observe the effects of complex responses. Using Candida albicans exposure followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa-mediated lung infection, we established a murine model of microbial interactions involved in ventilator-associated pneumonia...

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

an automated t-maze based apparatus and protocol for analyzing delay- and effort-based decision making in  free moving rodents

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in  Free Moving Rodents

This article introduces an automated T-maze apparatus that we invented, and a protocol based on this apparatus for analyzing delay-based decision making and effort-based decision making in free moving...

biology of microbial communities  - interview

Biology of Microbial Communities  - Interview

extraction of high molecular weight dna from microbial mats

Extraction of High Molecular Weight DNA from Microbial Mats

We provide an improved protocol for extracting high molecular weight DNA from hypersaline microbial mats. Microbial cells are separated from the mat matrix prior to DNA extraction and purification.  This enhances the concentrations, quality, and size of the DNA. The protocol may be used for other refractory...

drosophila egg-laying preference assay: a method to test decision-making in flies

Drosophila females choose between substrates and select sites that are attractive for egg-laying. This video describes a behavioral assay that tests their decision-making, called the egg-laying preference assay. The featured clip demonstrates the procedure with a custom-built setup, which enables researchers not only to test the behavior of many females at the same time but is also compatible with video recording and optogenetic...

Drosophila Egg-Laying Preference Assay: A Method to Test Decision-Making in Flies

combining behavioral endocrinology and experimental economics: testosterone and social decision making

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

The procedure described in this protocol shows that testosterone administration and folk beliefs about testosterone may be associated with directly opposed social...

trichogramma dendrolimi artificial host interaction and venom extraction

Trichogramma dendrolimi  Artificial Host Interaction and Venom Extraction  

Trichogramma dendrolimi Artificial Host Interaction and Venom Extraction

technique for studying arthropod and microbial communities within tree tissues

Technique for Studying Arthropod and Microbial Communities within Tree Tissues

We provide a technique to preserve intact tree phloem and prepare it for observation.  We create an apparatus called a phloem sandwich that allows for the introduction and observation of arthropods, microbes, and other organisms that inhabit phloem tissues.

2012: A Year In Review

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE reached a major milestone by publishing our 1500th article. In this publication, in JoVE Bioengineering, Yu et al. described a method for analyzing the free radical composition of cigarette smoke. This method simulated cigarette puffing with a single-port smoking device, and combined it with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to measure the degree to which antioxidant compounds can scavenge free radicals in cigarette smoke. A possible outcome of this research is the creation of less harmful cigarettes.
JoVE Bioengineering also contained the most-viewed article of 2012. Owczarczak et al. described a method for hacking a standard inkjet printer, loading ink cartridges with a cell-suspension "bioink," and printing lines of live cells onto glass slides. The thermal inkjet printing process creates temporary pores in the cell membrane, visualized by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled actin monomers. This concept, called "bioprinting," has many potential applications in cell and tissue engineering.
Also in 2012, JoVE Bioengineering featured a protocol by Hsia et al. for isolating and purifying spider silk protein, spinning it into fibers, and assessing the fiber strength. This protocol for laboratory-scale production of spider silk, which is stronger than tensile steel, can potentially be extended to large-scale manufacturing.
In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, we featured a number of articles related to stroke, one of which. In one article, M&ouml;bius-Winkler et al. demonstrated placement of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device from Boston Scientific. This device is designed to prevent strokes by trapping clots within the left atrial appendage of the heart before they exit. Our authors demonstrated how to insert the guide wire through the femoral artery into the heart, advance the device into the left atrium, and deploy the device in the left atrial appendage.
Another article focused on stroke, Hamel et al. described the use of a driving simulator to study how patients compensate for visual field defects following stroke. By analyzing the compensatory gaze behavior of patients as they navigated through virtual driving courses with varying degrees of complexity, our authors see great potential for the use of driving simulators in stroke rehabilitation.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we published an article by Keyel et al. describing the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using live cell microscopy. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response.
Also in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we featured an article by Yap et al. describing methods for diagnosing helminth infections in children. Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect the intestinal tract of humans and animals, and may be distinguished based on their morphology. The same article demonstrated how to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness in children, which is a measure of overall health.
In JoVE Neuroscience, we featured a method by Hoffmann et al., who used tiny headphones to alter the auditory feedback in songbirds, and analyzed the computational and neurophysiological basis of vocal learning in birds when they adjust their singing in response to altered acoustic signals.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, we moved from birds to bees with a method that assesses associative and non-associative tactile learning in honeybees. This method, by Mujagi&#263; et al., allowed bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae, then conditioned them to expect sugar water when their antennae touched particular surfaces, and analyzed the corresponding changes in antennal movement.
In 2012, we launched a brand-new section: JoVE Applied Physics, which features articles on subjects ranging from plasma physics to material science. The Applied Physics section also contained JoVE's 2000th video article, filmed in a synchrotron radiation facility, where Borisenko et al. showed how to determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
In the JoVE General section, we published an article by Artioli et al. demonstrating the use of a portable gas analyzer to measure oxygen consumption during complex exercise - such as judo. By analyzing oxygen consumption and collecting blood for measuring plasma lactate concentration, this method can determine the relative contributions of different energy systems to specific aspects of complex exercise.
Finally, JoVE followed Dolhi et al. to a permanently ice-covered saline lake in Antarctica. There, scientists drilled through the ice to study single-celled microorganisms called protists that live in the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
This Year in Review was just a brief glimpse of a few of over 600 video articles that JoVE offered in 2012. Browse the JoVE archives to see thousands of other videos, and stay tuned for what's coming up this year in JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

 
 
Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE ...