A Three-Dimensional Digital Model for Early Diagnosis of Hepatic Fibrosis Based on Magnetic Resonance Elastography

Hepatic fibrosis is an early stage of liver cirrhosis, and there are no better non-invasive and convenient methods for the detection and evaluation of the ...

Capital Medical University

As an important traditional Tibetan (veterinary) medicine, the flowers of Meconopsis punicea (family Papaveraceae) have been used to treat pain, fever, cough, inflammation, liver heat and lung heat of humans and animals by local people for thousands of years. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-tussive activities of the ethanol extract of M. punicea (EEM).

Antinociceptive and anti-tussive activities of the ethanol extract of the flowers of Meconopsis punicea Maxim.

In an attempt to find the neonicotinoid insecticides, twenty novel dihydropyridine derivatives were designed, "green" synthesized via one pot facile three-component reaction and evaluated for their bioactivities against , , ,  f. sp. , ,  and . All of the tested compounds showed potent insecticidal activity, and some were much better in comparison with imidacloprid (IMI). Especially, compounds  (LC: 0.011 mM) and  (LC: 0.025 mM) were 12.2- and 5.4-fold more active than IMI (LC: 0.135 mM) against , respectively. Moreover, out of all the derivatives, compound  (LC: 0.0015 mM) exhibited the strongest insecticidal activity against  and compound  (LC: 0.0007 mM) displayed the strongest insecticidal activity against . Surprisingly, when the concentration of compound  was 50 mg/L, the inhibition rate against  and  reached 45.00% and 65.83%, respectively. The present work indicated that novel dihydropyridine derivatives could be used as potential lead compounds for developing neonicotinoid insecticides and agricultural fungicides.

Facile Three-Component Synthesis, Insecticidal and Antifungal Evaluation of Novel Dihydropyridine Derivatives.

Plant essential oils and its chemical compositions are commonly applied in medicinal and other industries due to their broad advanced pharmacological activities. In the present study, we systematically evaluated the acaricidal activities of twelve compounds of essential oils against Psoroptes cuniculi in vitro and in vivo. In addition, to support the clinic uses, their toxicities against immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human liver cells (HL-7702) and skin irritation were studied for evaluating the liver and skin safety. The possible mechanism of action of certain chemical were investigated by determining the inhibitory activities against cytochrome P450 (P450) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Among all tested compounds, eugenol exhibited the best acaricidal activity with LC value of 56.61 μg/ml in vitro. Meanwhile, after the treatment of eugenol for five times within 10 days, the P. cuniculi were eliminated in the naturally infested rabbits, no skin irritation was found in rabbits treated by eugenol. Moreover, eugenol presented no or weak cytotoxicity against HaCaT cells and HL-7702 cells with IC values of greater than 100 μg/ml. Furthermore, the moderate inhibitory activities of eugenol against mites P450 and AChE were demonstrated. Above results indicated that eugenol presented the promising acaricidal activity against P. cuniculi in vitro and in vivo, is safe for both humans and animals at the given doses. This work lays the foundation for the development of eugenol as an environmentally friendly acaricide agent.

Acaricidal activity and enzyme inhibitory activity of active compounds of essential oils against Psoroptes cuniculi.

Adonis coerulea Maxim. as a folk medicine, presented acaricidal acitvity. However, the mode of action and active compounds were unclear. In this study, using proteomics and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology the mode of action and active compounds of A. coerulea were investigated, as well as a sensitive and environmentally friendly analytical method developed. Proteomics analysis results showed that after treatment of mites with A. coerulea methanol extract (MEAC), 135 proteins were differentially expressed, most of them enriched in the myocardium pathway and participated in the function of the inflated cystic organ. Na-K-ATPase may be a potential target. Then, it was used as a target to capture the compounds from the extract using a SPR test. Twelve compounds were found, five compounds, namely ellagic acid, ouabain, convallatoxin, strophanthidin and cymarin presented the higher affinity with Na-K-ATPase in molecular docking test. Further study showed that the latter four compounds presented the stronger cytotoxicity and the inhibitory effect on Na-K-ATPase with IC values ranging with 2.38-0.56 μg/mL, and also showed toxicity against Psoroptes cuniculi. These results indicated that MEAC presented toxicity against mites by inhibiting Na-K-ATPase, and cardiac glycosides may be active compounds of this plant in terms of its acaricidal activity. Only 10 g of plant was used to investigate its active compounds. This study lays the foundation for developing sensitive methods for active compound detection.

The acaricidal mechanism and active compounds against Psoroptes cuniculi of the methanol extract of Adonis coerulea Maxim II: Integrated proteomics and SPR analysis.

Mental health and physical symptoms of people quarantined during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Ruangan granules (RGGs) have been used to treat liver fibrosis with good clinical efficacy for many years. However, the potential mechanism of action of RGGs against liver fibrosis is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the quality and safety of this preparation and aimed to explore the anti-liver fibrosis activity and potential mode of action of RGGs using network pharmacology and metabolomics. The results showed that RGGs contained abundant ferulic acid, salvianolic acid B and paeoniflorin, and at the given contents and doses, RGGs were safe and presented anti-liver fibrosis activity. They presented anti-liver fibrosis activity by improving liver function (ALT and AST,  < 0.01) and pathology and decreasing fibrosis markers in the serum of rats caused by CCl, including HA, LN, PC III, HYP, CoII-V, and α-SMA, and the oxidant stress and inflammatory response were also alleviated in a dose-dependent manner, especially for high-dose RGGs (). Further studies showed that RGGs inhibited the activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in rats induced by CCl, regulated pyrimidine metabolism, improved oxidative stress and the inflammatory response by regulating mitochondrial morphology, and alleviated liver fibrosis. Luteolin, quercetin, morin and kaempferol were active compounds and presented the cytotoxicity toward to LX-02 cells. This study provides an overall view of the mechanism underlying the action of RGGs protecting against liver fibrosis.

Anti-Liver Fibrosis Activity and the Potential Mode of Action of Ruangan Granules: Integrated Network Pharmacology and Metabolomics.

Quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids, two important classes of N-based heterocyclic compounds, have attracted scientific and popular interest worldwide since the 19th century. More than 600 compounds have been isolated from nature to date. To build on our two prior reviews, we reexamined the promising molecules described in previous reports and provided updated literature on novel quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids isolated over the past 5 years. This chapter reviews and discusses 205 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antiparasitic and insecticidal, antibacterial and antifungal, cardioprotective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and other effects. This survey should provide new clues or possibilities for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.

Biology of quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has been widespread in the world, and caused fever, rashes and other clinical symptoms of children, and sometimes inducing respiratory failure, brainstem encephalitis, and other complications, even death. The disease is mainly caused by enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus 16 (CV-A16). Since 2013, the proportion of HFMD cases caused by other enteroriruses has gradually increased, causing severe and even fatal cases. This paper summarizes the research progress in the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD in China since 2008.

[Etiology and epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in China].

Commentary: Chinese Herbal Medicine Usage Reduces Overall Mortality in HIV-Infected Patients With Osteoporosis or Fractures.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Although the current treatment methods for HCC are gradually increasing, its efficacy still cannot meet the medical needs of patients with liver cancer, and new and effective treatment strategies are urgently needed. The total flavonoids of  (FOD) are the main active components in , which have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects, but their mechanism of action in liver cancer is unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of FOD on HCC. Using both  and  models, we confirmed that FOD inhibited HCC proliferation and induced apoptosis and autophagy. Mechanistic studies have shown that FOD induces apoptosis and activates autophagy in HCC cells by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and activating the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that FOD is a potential anticancer drug targeting ER stress for the treatment of HCC.

Total flavonoids of Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. suppresses the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma through endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy and apoptosis.

In a previous study, we found that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) alleviated the clinical symptoms and improved the quality of life (QoL) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Xiaofei Shang

Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,
Beijing You An Hospital,
Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing You An Hospital

Capital Medical University

A Three-Dimensional Digital Model for Early Diagnosis of Hepatic Fibrosis Based on Magnetic Resonance Elastography

Xiaofei Shang

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,Beijing You An Hospital,Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing You An Hospital

Capital Medical University

A Three-Dimensional Digital Model for Early Diagnosis of Hepatic Fibrosis Based on Magnetic Resonance Elastography

Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,
Beijing You An Hospital,
Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing You An Hospital