Chapter 25
The Lymphatic and Immune System
림프계와 면역계(Lymphatic and Immune System) 소개
Immunity refers to the body's ability to resist infections and diseases. All cells and tissues that provide immunity collectively form the immune ...
림프계와 면역계의 기능
The lymphatic system provides structural and functional support to the immune system against pathogens.
The lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels ...
림프관과 림프 수송
Lymphatic vessels, or lymphatics, transport lymph from peripheral tissues to the venous system.
The journey of lymph begins in the thin-walled lymphatic ...
림프 세포와 조직
Lymphoid cells and lymphoid tissues are the two major components of lymphoid organs.
Lymphoid cells consist of immune system cells such as B and T ...
원발성 림프 기관
The thymus and red bone marrow are the two primary lymphoid organs that are sites for lymphocyte production and maturation.
Red bone marrow is primarily ...
2차 림프 기관
Secondary lymphoid organs, such as the spleen, lymph nodes, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues or MALT, are the sites where lymphocytes first ...
림프절의 상세한 구조와 기능
Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels. They are majorly located in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical ...
림프계의 발달
The mesoderm cells of the developing veins form the precursor lymphatic vessels and nodes called lymph sacs.
The paired jugular lymph sacs are the first ...
선천성 및 적응형 면역 소개
Present from birth, innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against a wide range of harmful pathogens.
It provides immediate, non-specific ...
표면 멤브레인 장벽
Surface barriers such as the skin and mucous membranes are the body's initial defense against pathogens, offering physical and chemical protection.
...
선천성 면역 반응의 세포
The two essential cells involved in the innate immune responses are phagocytes and natural killer, or NK cells.
Phagocytes — microphages and ...
항균 단백질
Antimicrobial proteins, such as interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial peptides, enhance the immune response by ...
보체 시스템
The complement system consists of about 20 plasma proteins, working together to fortify the body's defense against infections through opsonization, ...
NK 세포와 식세포에 의한 면역 감시
Immune surveillance involves monitoring peripheral tissues to detect pathogens and infected or cancerous body cells.
Natural killer, or NK cells, which ...
염증 반응
An inflammatory response is a localized, non-specific immune reaction marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and occasional loss of function.
Any ...
Adaptive Immunity의 특징
The adaptive immune system provides a specialized defense using T and B lymphocytes with specific features to combat infections effectively.
These cells ...
적응면역반응(adaptive immune response)의 세포
In the bone marrow, the common lymphoid progenitor cells give rise to precursors for T and B lymphocytes.
Next, these precursors mature to gain ...
적응면역(adaptive immunity)에 관여하는 항원
Complete antigens, or simply antigens, are large, complex foreign molecules, mainly proteins, that initiate an immune response.
They possess two key ...
항원 수용체의 다양성
Antigen receptors are multiprotein complexes on the B and T cell membranes that recognize specific antigens.
A B cell antigen receptor, or BCR, is a ...
항원 제시 세포
Antigen-presenting cells, also known as APCs, process foreign antigens, such as fragments from pathogens, for recognition by T cells.
When an APC engulfs ...
항원 처리 경로
The antigen-processing pathways break down antigens for presentation to lymphocytes.
The endogenous and exogenous pathways are the two main ...
T 세포 활성화 및 클론 선택
Naive T cells express membrane proteins called the cluster of differentiation, or CD markers with the T cell receptor or TCR.
There are two major T cell ...
T 세포 유형 및 기능
Activated T cells with CD4 markers give rise to the effector helper and regulatory T cells, while the effector cytotoxic T cells arise from T cells with ...
세포독성 T세포 매개 면역 반응
Cytotoxic T cells target body cells infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria, or parasites. They also eliminate cancerous cells and foreign cells ...
B 세포 활성화 및 분화
Naive B cells become sensitized when they encounter their corresponding antigen, which binds to the B cell receptor, or BCR, on the cell surface.
After ...
항체 구조와 종류
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are soluble proteins produced by effector B cells called plasma cells in response to foreign substances like ...
항체 작용
Antibodies recognize and bind antigens to form antigen-antibody complexes for pathogen elimination.
After binding to an antigen, the antibody neutralizes ...
면역학적 기억
Immunological memory is the ability to react faster to the antigens that have previously activated the immune response.
This occurs due to long-lived ...
능동적 면역 대 수동적 면역
Active immunity refers to the process by which an individual's immune system is stimulated to produce a protective response to a pathogen, typically ...
면역역량 개발
Cell-mediated immunity in a fetus begins at the third month of growth, and active antibody-mediated immunity follows about one month later.
The first ...
세균성 병원체에 대한 방어
The immune defense against pathogenic bacteria involves phagocytes like macrophages from the innate system along with the T and B cells from the adaptive ...
바이러스 병원체에 대한 면역 반응
Upon viral infection, cells secrete interferons to protect uninfected cells and activate the patrolling NK cells to initiate a non-specific innate immune ...
면역결핍 질환
Immunodeficiency diseases occur due to exposure to immunosuppressive agents, poor development of lymphoid organs, or viral infections.
Prolonged use of ...
과민성
Hypersensitivity, or allergic reaction, occurs when the immune system overreacts to an allergen.
Hypersensitivity can be of four types.
Type I or ...
자가면역 질환
In an autoimmune disorder, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells and tissues by activating self-reactive T and B cells.
There are ...
조직 이식
Tissue transplantation is a complex yet vital medical procedure that involves transferring cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient to ...
종양 면역 요법
Cancer immunotherapy aids the body's immune system to identify and eliminate cancer cells, using vaccines, oncolytic viruses, activated patient T ...
암 백신
Cancer vaccination can be preventive, protecting against oncogenic agents, or active, combating existing cancerous cells.
Like traditional vaccines, ...
Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. 판권 소유