Name: 비디오: Behavioral Test and Uterine Index Determination to Assess the Efficacy of Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion in Treating Primary Dysmenorrhea
Uploaded: 2024-10-04T12:50:00
Description: 19 조회수. Behavioral Test and Uterine Index Determination to Assess the Efficacy of Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion in Treating Primary Dysmenorrhea

behavioral test and uterine index determination to assess the efficacy of herbs-partitioned moxibustion in treating primary dysmenorrhea

Herbal Moxibustion on Shenque Acupoint for Alleviating Primary Dysmenorrhea

Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), also referred to as functional dysmenorrhea, is one of the most prevalent gynecological diseases affecting adolescent girls and menstruating young women1. It is characterized by side effects such as anguish and uterine compressions (spasms), together with inflammatory problems in the abdomen before and after menstruation without any evidence of pelvic pathology2. Lower abdominal cramps that start 8-72 h after the commencement of menstruation, peak in the first few days of increased menstrual flow3,4, and sometimes spread to the back and thighs are the characteristic symptoms of polycystic PDM. Due to differing definitions of the condition and a lack of standardized ways to evaluate the intensity of menstrual pain, the estimated prevalence of dysmenorrhea in women varies from 45%-95%3,4,5. About 10%-25% of women who are of reproductive age are thought to suffer from really severe PDM6. The prevalence of PDM prevalence is highest in the 20- to 24-year-old age group and decreases progressively thereafter2. PDM is characterized by periodic lower abdominal pain, which is frequently accompanied by other systemic symptoms such as low back pain, nausea, vomiting, headaches, anorexia, diarrhea7, and even mental symptoms like depression and anxiety8,9. During menstruation, women with dysmenorrhea experience a decline in overall quality of life4,8,10.
Furthermore, studies have found that repeated menstrual pain may affect the function of the central nervous system, leading to altered perception of pain in both painful or pain-free stages11. Due to the etiology of PDM being based on prostaglandins (PGs), the most common drug treatment for PDM is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)12,13, followed by oral contraceptives14. In addition to the side effects of drugs, 10%-20% of people do not respond to NSAIDs and contraceptives3. The majority of current research is concerned with the effects of dysmenorrhea on brain anatomy and physiology, with little attention paid to therapeutic approaches. Consequently, there is an urgent need to find a treatment strategy that can be widely applied in clinical practice, with established efficacy, and readily accepted by patients.
Herbs-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) is a characteristic external therapy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is widely used to treat diseases in China. Its benefits include minimal cost, no side effects, good long-term effects, easy operation, and easy acceptance by patients. It has been found that the effect of HPM on the navel on PDM is significant15, which may be closely related to regulating the cold and heat deficiency and excess of the uterus as well as mast cells and related receptors16. The research team has proved that HPM can immediately relieve menstrual pain17.
Zhang Zhong-jing initially recorded the concept of dysmenorrhea in the Women &#39;s Miscellaneous Diseases and Treatment of the Golden Chamber, writing that the menstrual flow is unfavorable under the belt, and the abdomen is full of pain18. According to its main symptoms, dysmenorrhea can be attributed to the category of menstrual pain and menstrual abdominal pain in traditional Chinese medicine. The syndromes of dysmenorrhea can be divided into five: qi and blood deficiency; cold coagulation and blood stasis; damp heat accumulation; qi stagnation and blood stasis; and liver and kidney deficiency16. According to relevant studies, the syndrome of cold coagulation and blood stasis is the most common syndrome of PDM19,20. TCM holds that PDM and cold pathogens are intimately connected21. During or around menstruation, there is an excessive flow of blood in Xuehai, leading to a quick depletion of qi-blood due to its energetic nature. Consequently, women are vulnerable to disease-causing causes due to a lack of sufficient healthy energy and the rapid fluctuations of qi and blood in the uterus and Chong and Ren meridians22. Women who have well-developed physiques should take precautions to avoid consuming raw or cold food and to prevent catching a cold during menstruation. Failure to do so may result in the intrusion of cold pathogens into the uterus, leading to the coagulation and stagnation of blood in the uterus and the Chong and Ren meridians. Consequently, individuals experience pain as a result of the stagnation of blood flow. Both the intrusion of cold pathogens from the outside and the presence of yin cold within the body can cause blockage and clotting of the meridians.
The location of dysmenorrhea is in the Chong and Ren meridians, and the onset is related to changes in qi and blood. In TCM theory, moxibustion works by stimulating Yang Qi, warming the meridians, dispersing cold, and increasing blood flow to relieve pain. According to Jinfu of Lingshu23, if the pulse and blood clot are in the middle, and there is congealed blood and cold blood, then it is appropriate for moxibustion; it is a typical external dysmenorrhea treatment. In a previously published work24 artemisia argyi leaves are described as bitter and pungent, capable of restoring the nearly exhausted original Yang, connecting the twelve meridians, running through the three Yin meridians, regulating Qi and blood, dispelling cold and dampness, and warming the uterus, moxibustion, with the help of corresponding acupoints, can expel pathogenic factors externally, regulate qi and blood internally, and thereby play a role in regulating the meridians, activating blood circulation, and stopping pain. The navel, also known as the Shenque (CV8), belongs to the Ren meridian, connecting the Du, Chong, and Dai meridians. According to TCM theory, Shenque is believed to be related to the five zang and six fu25. It is regarded as a congenital foundation and the pivot of the yin-yang balance. Anatomical, the PDM is in close proximity to the pelvis and is closely connected to the uterus. The PDM disease specifically affects the uterus, and its pathogenesis involves an imbalance of qi and blood as well as an imbalance of the viscera. By stimulating the Shenque point, it is possible to directly influence the qi and blood condition of the uterus and effectively treat menstrual cramps. Based on the aforementioned theory, we selected the stimulation of the Shenque acupoint located in the abdominal region for HPM therapy, with the aim of ameliorating dysmenorrhea symptoms and alleviating pain.
To mimic the intervention of TCM on PDM as closely as possible with cold coagulation and blood stasis, we replicated the HPM technique on the navel in female rats. It was discovered that HPM on the navel has a clear analgesic effect and can lessen the writhing reaction of dysmenorrhea rats. In order to investigate the mechanism of HPM on the navel to improve PDM and promote it, we have examined a technique of fixing rats and performing HPM at the Shenque acupoint in the belly.

Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis

Research on the traditional Chinese medicine anesthetic method of primary dysmenorrhea. We want to check if herbs-partitioned moxibustion on the navel can relieve the pain of dysmenorrhea rats. Keeping the rats quiet during the experiment is an experimental challenge that we encountered.We intend to study the reasons behind the chronic pain in dysmenorrhea and would like to explore the anesthetic mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion. To begin, obtain the adaptive diet-fed female rat that was maintained in a 12-hour light-dark cycle. Insert the pipette gun with 60 microliters of 0.9%saline into the vaginal orifice of the rat.Pipette up and down three to four times. Suck out the liquid and drop it onto a glass slide. To fix the dried content, add 60 microliters of 95%ethanol.After eight minutes, rinse and dry the content. Add 0.1%methylene blue staining solution and incubate away from light for 10 minutes. Afterward, rinse and dry the content.Observe the slide under the microscope and obtain images to screen the rat's estrus cycle. To establish primary dysmenorrhea, inject the rat with estradiol benzoate subcutaneously in the thigh for 10 days. Place the female rat in a refrigerator at 20 degrees Celsius for four hours on the first to fifth day of modeling.To begin, establish a primary dysmenorrhea rat model using estradiol benzoate injections. Obtain the moxa cones for herbs-partitioned moxibustion or HPM navel therapy and rub the moxa floss in the hand into a spindle shape. Prepare a dough bowl with a hole in the middle.To prepare the rat pouch, sew a cut cloth together diagonally. Cut out a small opening at the top for breathing and a hole on one side of the pouch for moxibustion. Then sew a pair of cloth ropes of about 10 centimeters in length and 1 centimeter in width at the top and bottom ends of the bag respectively for tethering.Next, locate the shenque acupoint on the midline of the rat's abdomen. Remove the hair around the shenque acupoint. Place the rat in the rat pouch, keeping the rat's abdomen up, and expose the lower limbs and tail.Fix the upper and lower parts of the rat's body and the tail on the operating table with tape. Disinfect the shenque and its surrounding skin with 75%ethanol. Place the bowl on the abdomen, aiming its hole at the shenque acupoint, and put 0.3 grams of the traditional Chinese medicine powder on the acupoint.Then put the moxa cone on the traditional Chinese medicine powder. Light the moxa cone and treat the rat for 30 minutes. To begin, offer the herbs-partitioned moxibustion navel therapy to a rat with primary dysmenorrhea.Wipe the experimental box with 75%ethanol before each trial. Place the rat in the cage after intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin or 0.9%saline. Record the writhing behavior of the rat for 30 minutes with a video camera.After anesthetizing, determine the weight of the treated rat. Incise the skin and muscle from the middle of the abdomen to expose the heart. Insert a profusion needle into the heart from the apex position, fix the profusion needle with hemostatic forceps, and make a small cut in the right auricle.Perfuse 0.9%saline through the left ventricle and descending aorta until the liver and eyes of the rat become lighter and white in color. Finally, using scissors, cut out the uterus and weigh it accurately to calculate the uterine index. The model group of PDM, with cold coagulation and blood stasis, had a significant increase in writhing score compared to the control group, and the treatment group showed a significant decrease in writhing score.The model group had a significantly reduced writhing latency compared to the control group, and the treatment group showed an increase in writhing latency compared to the model group. The uterine index increased in the model group compared to the control group and decreased in the treatment group compared to the model group.

Behavioral Test and Uterine Index Determination to Assess the Efficacy of Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion in Treating Primary Dysmenorrhea

behavioral-test-uterine-index-determination-to-assess-efficacy-herbs

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

19 조회수. Behavioral Test and Uterine Index Determination to Assess the Efficacy of Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion in Treating Primary Dysmenorrhea