Name: simultaneous recordings of cortical local field potentials, electrocardiogram, electromyogram, and breathing rhythm from a freely moving rat
Uploaded: 2018-04-02T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simultaneous Recordings of Cortical Local Field Potentials, Electrocardiogram, Electromyogram, and Breathing Rhythm from a Freely Moving Rat at JoVE.com

This work was supported by Kaken-hi (17H05939; 17H05551), the Nakatomi Foundation, and the Suzuken Memorial Foundation.

All of the procedures involving animal subjects were performed according to the NIH guidelines for the care and use of animals.
1. Preparation of the Integrative Micro-Drive Array
<ol>
	<li>Create a micro-drive array for cortical LFP recordings as described elsewhere1,2,3. Leave at least 6 metal holes open on an electrode interface board (EIB) for use as ECG/EMG/BR channels that are connected to bio...

<ol>
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For understanding how the brain modulates peripheral activity levels, and vice versa, large-scale recording methods to simultaneously capture electrical biosignals from multiple body areas are necessary. This study described a surgical procedure, and a recording system for monitoring cerebral local field potentials, heart rates, the magnitude of muscle construction and respiratory rates, which have been improved on a recording system that is used for extracellular recordings in brain tissue. This system collects electric...

The central nervous system controls body states in response to various environmental changes, and this control is typically represented as changes in heart rate, breathing rate, and muscle contractions. However, few studies have tested how such peripheral physiological factors are associated with cortical activity. To address this issue, a large-scale recording method for monitoring electrical biosignals from both central and peripheral tissues is necessary. In the cerebral cortex, local field potential (LFP) signals are extracellularly recorded by electrodes that are inserted into the cortical tissues1,2,3. To simultaneously record multiple LFP signals from the cortical regions of small mammals, such as rats and mice, a number of studies have developed various types of custom-made electrode assemblies that are termed micro-drives. A conventional micro-drive is composed of metal screws attached to the middle parts of the electrodes (which are typically tetrodes), a core body that accommodates the screws and electrodes, and an electrical interface board (EIB) that accommodates metal holes to connect the open ends of the electrodes (Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3). This electrode assembly enables the operator to control the depth of many electrodes inserted into the brain over the course of days to weeks, and allows the conducting of long-term chronic recordings of neuronal activity as the animal is challenged with various behavioral tasks. In the peripheral organs, heartbeat signals are recorded as electrocardiograms (ECGs) by a pair of electrodes that are implanted on or around the heart area4,5,6, and skeletal muscle signals are recorded as electromyograms (EMGs) with electrodes that are inserted into the muscle tissue7,8,9. The relationship between electrical signals of the olfactory bulb and breathing (BR) rhythm has been studied with single unit recordings10,11. In conventional recording systems, these signals from different tissues have been captured by independent recording devices, which means that an additional experimental system is required to precisely synchronize these multiple devices for simultaneous recordings of brain-body signals. This system was developed to overcome this issue. In this system, all electrical signals recorded from the peripheral organs, including ECGs, EMGs, and electrical signals from the olfactory bulb that reflect the breathing rhythm, are integrated into a single micro-drive array1,2,3, here termed an integrative micro-drive array. This system requires only one multi-channel recording device, and is applicable to any conventional micro-drive array. The advantages of this technique are that it does not require any special devices or trigger signals to match the recording time of multiple devices, and it allows for more convenient data processing, since all of the signals are recorded as similar data types. This technique will aid the understanding of the neurophysiological correlates of the associations between central and peripheral organs. This paper describes the procedures associated with the technique and presents representative datasets obtained from a rat.

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simultaneous recordings of cortical local field potentials, electrocardiogram, electromyogram, and breathing rhythm from a freely moving rat

Monitoring the physiological dynamics of the brain and peripheral tissues is necessary for addressing a number of questions about how the brain controls body functions and internal organ rhythms when animals are exposed to emotional challenges and changes in their living environments. In general experiments, signals from different organs, such as the brain and the heart, are recorded by independent recording systems that require multiple recording devices and different procedures for processing the data files. This study describes a new method that can simultaneously monitor electrical biosignals, including tens of local field potentials in multiple brain regions, electrocardiograms that represent the cardiac rhythm, electromyograms that represent awake/sleep-related muscle contraction, and breathing signals, in a freely moving rat. The recording configuration of this method is based on a conventional micro-drive array for cortical local field potential recordings in which tens of electrodes are accommodated, and the signals obtained from these electrodes are integrated into a single electrical board mounted on the animal's head. Here, this recording system was improved so that signals from the peripheral organs are also transferred to an electrical interface board. In a single surgery, electrodes are first separately implanted into the appropriate body parts and the target brain areas. The open ends of all of these electrodes are then soldered to individual channels of the electrical board above the animal's head so that all of the signals can be integrated into the single electrical board. Connecting this board to a recording device allows for the collection of all of the signals into a single device, which reduces experimental costs and simplifies data processing, because all data can be handled in the same data file. This technique will aid the understanding of the neurophysiological correlates of the associations between central and peripheral organs.

This method can simultaneously capture bioelectrical signals from multiple organs that represent the neuronal activity of the brain, heart rate, breathing rhythm, and skeletal muscle contractions (Figure 1). Figure 4 provides representative recording data from a freely moving rat that was freely foraging in a rectangular box (25 &#215; 40 cm2). The example dataset includes typical behavioral transition...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simultaneous Recordings of Cortical Local Field Potentials, Electrocardiogram, Electromyogram, and Breathing Rhythm from a Freely Moving Rat at JoVE.com

Simultaneous Recordings of Cortical Local Field Potentials, Electrocardiogram, Electromyogram, and Breathing Rhythm from a Freely Moving Rat

This study introduces a method for the simultaneous recording of local field potentials in the brain, electrocardiograms, electromyograms, and breathing signals of a freely moving rat. This technique, which reduces experimental costs and simplifies data analysis, will contribute to the understanding of the interactions between the brain and peripheral organs.

Monitoring the physiological dynamics of the brain and peripheral tissues is necessary for addressing a number of questions about how the brain controls ...

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