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The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

A method for using Diels Alder thermo-reversible chemistry as cross-linking tool for rubber products is demonstrated. In this work, a commercial ...

University of Groningen

Diffusion-controlled stepwise polymerization of a linear polymer confined in nanoscopic slits is simulated through a Monte Carlo approach. A noticeable influence of the confinement on the kinetics is found. The confinement modifies both the spatial pair distribution function and the diffusive properties of the polymers. As a consequence, the confined system can show either faster or slower reaction kinetics with respect to the bulk system, depending on the strength of intermolecular interactions. The predicted polydispersity of the polymer is in agreement with recent theories of diffusion-controlled stepwise polymerization, and can be slightly affected by the confinement.

Confinement effect in diffusion-controlled stepwise polymerization by Monte Carlo simulation.

An in-depth study on the acetylation of starch with acetic anhydride (Ac(2)O) and sodium acetate (NaOAc) as the catalyst in pressurized carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) in a broad pressure range (8-25MPa) and a temperature of 90°C is provided. Highest degrees of substitution (DS) of 0.29 (1h reaction time) and 0.62 (24h reaction time) were found near the critical point of the mixture (15MPa). The phase behavior of the system CO(2), starch and acetic anhydride (Ac(2)O) was studied in a high pressure view cell. The critical points were a clear function of the temperature and increased from the range of 9.4-10MPa to 14.5-14.8MPa when going from 50 to 90°C (Ac(2)O mole fraction at the critical point in the range of 0.08-0.09). Acetylation experiments with a range of starch particles sizes showed a clear relation between the DS and the particle size.

Insights in starch acetylation in sub- and supercritical CO2.

In this study, we demonstrate a novel fabrication method to prepare metallic Janus silica particles by embedding nanosized silica particles on a spherical polystyrene (PS) substrate in supercritical carbon dioxide (sc CO2), followed by labelling with gold nanoparticles on the exposed part of the silica colloids. To this end, three main types of Janus particles displaying two distinct surfaces are produced by recovering silica from the polystyrene template. Embedment of particles into the PS template in sc CO2 allows for precise control of the degree of embedding of particles and subsequent modification of the partially exposed particle surface. The embedding degree, as well as the final Janus balance, can be varied over a wide range through control of pressure, temperature, or treatment time of sc CO2. Hierarchical PS-silica composites and embedment are evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Partial surface modification with gold nanoparticles is investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). With this method various functionalized Janus particles with tuneable properties can be prepared by adjusting various surface modifiers and polymer substrates in the future.

A novel method of preparing metallic Janus silica particles using supercritical carbon dioxide.

Following our previous investigation on the effect of molecular architecture on the rheology of Polystyrene-b-Poly(sodium methacrylate) copolymers (PS-b-PMAA), we consider here diblock PS-b-PMAA copolymers characterized by a different length of either the hydrophilic or the hydrophobic block. Various copolymers characterized by different PS or PMAA block length have been prepared by ATRP (kinetics is also discussed) and studied from the point of view of their rheological behaviour in water. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic investigation concerning the effect of block length on the rheology of diblock polyelectrolytes. We found that the hydrophobic block length has small influence on the rheology. Surprisingly, the polymers with shortest PMAA blocks yield the strongest gels at high concentration. A simple model based on the classical theories of self-assembly and percolation of amphiphilic polymers has been here developed in order to explain the observed data.

The effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic block length on the rheology of amphiphilic diblock Polystyrene-b-Poly(sodium methacrylate) copolymers prepared by ATRP.

Francesco Picchioni

Department of Chemical Engineering

University of Groningen

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

Francesco Picchioni

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Department of Chemical Engineering

University of Groningen

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

Department of Chemical Engineering