a-free-breathing-fmri-method-to-study-human-olfactory-function

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

The study of human olfaction is a highly complex and valuable field with applications ranging from biomedical research to clinical evaluation. Currently, ...

Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine

To investigate the use of a new high-dielectric constant (HDC) material for improving SNR and transmission efficiency for clinical MRI applications at 3 Tesla (T) with cervical spine imaging.

Radiofrequency field enhancement with high dielectric constant (HDC) pads in a receive array coil at 3.0T.

Iron is a trace mineral that plays a vital role in the human body. However, absorbing and accumulating excessive iron in body organs (iron overload) can damage or even destroy an organ. Even after many decades of research, progress on the development of noninvasive and low-cost tissue iron detection methods is very limited. Here we report a recent advance in a room-temperature ultrasensitive biomagnetic susceptometer for quantitative tissue iron detection. The biomagnetic susceptometer exploits recent advances in the magnetoelectric (ME) composite sensors that exhibit an ultrahigh AC magnetic sensitivity under the presence of a strong DC magnetic field. The first order gradiometer based on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive laminate (ME composite) structure shows an equivalent magnetic noise of 0.99 nT/rt Hz at 1 Hz in the presence of a DC magnetic field of 0.1 Tesla and a great common mode noise rejection ability. A prototype magnetoelectric liver susceptometry has been demonstrated with liver phantoms. The results indicate its output signals to be linearly responsive to iron concentrations from normal iron dose (0.05 mg Fe/g liver phantom) to 5 mg Fe/g liver phantom iron overload (100X overdose). The results here open up many innovative possibilities for compact-size, portable, cost-affordable, and room-temperature operated medical systems for quantitative determinations of tissue iron.

A Room Temperature Ultrasensitive Magnetoelectric Susceptometer for Quantitative Tissue Iron Detection.

In vivo(31)P MRS provides a unique and important imaging tool for studying high-energy phosphate metabolism and bioenergetics noninvasively. However, compared to (1)H MRS, (31)P MRS with a relatively low gyromagnetic ratio (γ) has a lower and limited sensitivity even at ultrahigh field. The proof of concept has been recently demonstrated that the use of high dielectric constant (HDC) materials between RF coil and object sample could increase MRI signal and reduce required RF transmission power for reaching the same RF pulse flip angle in the region of interest. For low-γ MRS applications operated at relatively lower frequency, however, it demands the dielectric materials with a much higher permittivity for achieving optimal performance. We conducted a (31)P MRS imaging study using ultra-HDC (uHDC; with a relative permittivity of ~1200) material blocks incorporated with an RF volume coil at ultrahigh field of 7.0T. The experimental results from phantom and human calf muscle demonstrate that the uHDC technique significantly enhanced RF magnetic transmit field (B1(+)) and reception field (B1(-)) and the gain could reach up to two folds in the tissue near the uHDC blocks. The overall results indicate that the incorporation of the uHDC materials having an appropriate permittivity value with a RF coil can significantly increase detection sensitivity and reduces RF transmission power for X-nuclei MRS applications at ultrahigh field. The uHDC technology could provide an efficient, cost-effective engineering solution for achieving high detection sensitivity and concurrently minimizing tissue heating concern for human MRS and MRI applications.

Large improvement of RF transmission efficiency and reception sensitivity for human in vivo(31)P MRS imaging using ultrahigh dielectric constant materials at 7T.

Sebastian Rupprecht

Center for NMR Research,
Department of Radiology,
Center for NMR Research, Department of Radiology

Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Sebastian Rupprecht

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Center for NMR Research,Department of Radiology,Center for NMR Research, Department of Radiology

Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Center for NMR Research,
Department of Radiology,
Center for NMR Research, Department of Radiology