predictive-measurement-for-windlass-change-length-selected-treatment

Predictive Measurement for Windlass Change in Length and Selected Treatment Outcomes in Chronic Plantar Fasciitis

Approximately 10% of patients with plantar fasciitis experience persistent and often severe symptoms, though little is known about its etiology. The goal ...

regulating-schwann-cell-growth-nanosecond-pulsed-electric-field-for

Regulating Schwann Cell Growth by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration In Vitro

Schwann cells (SCs) are myelinating cells of the peripheral nervous system, playing a crucial role in peripheral nerve regeneration. Nanosecond Pulse ...

Zhejiang University

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most frequent type of focal epilepsy in adults, typically resistant to pharmacological treatment, and mostly presents with cognitive impairment and psychiatric comorbidities. The most common neuropathological hallmark in TLE patients is hippocampal sclerosis (HS). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly characterized. The dentate gyrus (DG), one specific hippocampal subarea, structural and functional changes imply a key involvement of the DG in the development of TLE. In this study, a isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic technique was performed for the analysis of hippocampal DG obtained from patients with TLE-HS compared to control samples obtained from autopsy. Our proteomic data identified 5,583 proteins, of which 82 proteins were upregulated and 90 proteins were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that differentially expressed proteins were enriched in "synaptic vesicle," "mitochondrion," "cell-cell adhesion," "regulation of synaptic plasticity," "ATP binding," and "oxidative phosphorylation." Protein-protein interaction network analysis found a pivotal module of 10 proteins that were related to "oxidative phosphorylation." This study has investigated proteomic alterations in the DG region of TLE-HS patients, and paved the way for the better understanding of epileptogenesis mechanisms and future therapeutic intervention.

iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Dentate Gyrus in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis.

Peritendinous adhesion is among the common complications after tendon injury. Numerous studies have been carried out to prevent its formation, including modifications of surgical procedures, postoperative cares, application of medicines, etc. This study dynamically monitored fluctuations of inflammation, state of oxidative stress, and histopathologic changes around injured tendon to provide theoretical basis for further exploration in mechanisms of peritendinous adhesion formation.

Dynamic exacerbation in inflammation and oxidative stress during the formation of peritendinous adhesion resulted from acute tendon injury.

Keloid is commonly regarded as a benign skin tumour. Some keloids clinically exhibit hard tissue texture similar to that of cartilage or bone. We hypothesized that the keloid pathological niche environment is likely to induce keloid MSCs towards chondrogenic or osteogenic differentiation and leads to cartilage or bone-like tissue formation. The differences in tissue ossification, histology, mechanical properties, abnormal extracellular matrices and chondrogenic/osteogenic gene expression among sclerous keloids (SKs), regular keloids (RKs) and normal skins (NKs) were carefully examined. The sporadic ossified islets existed in SK group whereas no ossified/chondrified islet was found in other groups by micro-CT reconstruction. H&E, Masson trichrome and safranin O staining revealed lacuna-like structures in SKs, which were featured as bone/cartilage histology. Immunohistochemical staining showed overproduction of osteoprotegerin, type I and III collagen in SK group but similar production level of aggrecan among three groups. The biomechanical analysis demonstrated the weakest compliance of SK tissues. In addition, SK fibroblasts exhibited a relatively slower proliferation rate but higher expression levels of osteogenic and chondrogenic genes among all three groups. These cell populations also showed the strongest potential for lineage transformation. In conclusion, we first reported the presence of ossified and chondrified matrices in some extremely hard keloids in the present study.

Tissue chondrification and ossification in keloids with primary report of five cases.

Nanosecond pulsed electric field, with its unique bioelectric effect, has shown broad application potential in the field of tumor therapy, especially in malignant tumors and skin tumors.

New advances in treatment of skin malignant tumors with nanosecond pulsed electric field: A literature review.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has shown high expression in inflammatory responses and fibrosis.

Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted PET/CT With AlF-NODA-FAPI-04 for In Vivo Imaging of Tendon Healing in Rat Achilles Tendon Injury Models.

Autologous human fibroblasts have the potential to differentiate into the osteogenic lineage under specific conditions and can be utilized for bone regeneration. However, their efficiency is currently unsatisfactory. Recently, low-intensity nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) stimulation has been demonstrated to enhance cell pluripotency by activating epigenetic regulatory pathways. In this study, human dermal fibroblasts were exposed to different intensities of nsPEF to assess whether these exposures resulted in changes in proliferation rate, calcium salt deposition, and expression of differentiation-related markers in different experimental groups. The results showed a significant increase in cell proliferation, pluripotency, bone marker expression, and osteogenic differentiation efficiency when stimulating cells with 5 kV/cm of nsPEF. However, cell proliferation and differentiation significantly decreased at 25 kV/cm. Additionally, the proliferation and efficiency of osteogenic differentiation were reduced when the nsPEF intensity was increased to 50 kV/cm. Treatment with a 5 kV/cm of nsPEF led to increased and concentrated expression of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) in the nucleus. These observations suggest that human dermal fibroblasts possess a heightened potential to differentiate into osteogenic cells when activated with nsPEF at 5 kV/cm. Consequently, the nsPEF strengthening strategy shows promise for fibroblast-based tissue-engineered bone repair research.

Low-Intensity Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Accelerates Osteogenic Transformation of Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Enhancing Cell Pluripotency.

Although non-invasive and minimally invasive aesthetic procedures increasingly dominate the cosmetic market, traditional plastic surgery remains the most effective improvement method. One of the most common complications in plastic surgery, peripheral nerve injuries, though has a low incidence but intrigued plastic surgeons globally. In this article, a narrative review was conducted using several databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science) to identify peripheral nerve injuries following cosmetic surgeries such as blepharoplasty, rhinoplasty, rhytidectomy, breast surgeries, and abdominoplasty. Surgery-related nerve injuries were discussed, respectively. Despite the low incidence, cosmetic plastic surgeries can cause iatrogenic peripheral nerve injuries that require special attention. The postoperative algorithm approaches can be effective, but the waiting and treatment processes can be long and painful. Preventive measures are undoubtedly more effective than postoperative remedies. The best means of preventing disease is having a good understanding of anatomy and conducting a careful dissection.

Occurrence and treatment of peripheral nerve injuries after cosmetic surgeries.

Our previous work demonstrated the tendon-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) extracts as vital niches to specifically direct mesenchymal stem cells towards tenogenic differentiation. This study aims to further define the effective ECM molecules capable of teno-lineage induction on human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) and test their function for tendon engineering. By detecting the teno-markers expression levels in hASCs exposed to various substrate coatings, collagen I (COL1) and fibromodulin (FMOD) were identified to be the key molecules as a combination and further employed to the modification of poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) electrospun nanoyarns, which showed advantages in inducting seeded hASCs for teno-lineage specific differentiation. Under dynamic mechanical loading, modified scaffold seeded with hASCs formed neo-tendon in vitro at the histological level and formed better tendon tissue in vivo with mature histology and enhanced mechanical properties. Primary mechanistic investigation with RNA sequencing demonstrated that the inductive mechanism of these two molecules for hASCs tenogenic differentiation was directly correlated with positive regulation of peptidase activity, regulation of cell-substrate adhesion and regulation of cytoskeletal organization. These biological processes were potentially affected by LOC101929398/has-miR-197-3p/TENM4 ceRNA regulation axis. In summary, COL1 and FMOD in combination are the major bioactive molecules in tendon ECM for likely directing tenogenic phenotype of hASCs and certainly valuable for hASCs-based tendon engineering.

Type I collagen and fibromodulin enhance the tenogenic phenotype of hASCs and their potential for tendon regeneration.

Millions of people have been reported with tendon injuries each year. Unfortunately, Tendon injuries are increasing rapidly due to heavy exercise and a highly aging population. In addition, the introduction of 3D-printing technology in the area of tendon repair and replacement has resolved numerous issues and significantly improved the quality of artificial tendons. This advancement has also enabled us to explore and identify the most effective combinations of biomaterials that can be utilized in this field. This review discusses the recent development of the 3D-printed artificial tendon; where recently, some research investigated the most suitable pore sizes, diameter, and strength for scaffolds to have high tendon cells ingrowth and proliferation, giving a better understanding of the effects of densities and structure patterns on tendon's mechanical properties. In addition, it presents the divergence between 3D-printed tendons and other tissue and how the different 3D-printing techniques and models participated in this development.

Tian Tu

Zhejiang University

Predictive Measurement for Windlass Change in Length and Selected Treatment Outcomes in Chronic Plantar Fasciitis

Regulating Schwann Cell Growth by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration In Vitro