Chapter 19
The Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomiczny układ nerwowy
The autonomic nervous system, or ANS, is a network of motor neurons that regulates the activity of smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands.
The ANS is ...
Wydział Sympatyczny ANS
The sympathetic division of the ANS prepares the body for stress, physical activity, and increased energy demands.
Its preganglionic fibers originate in ...
Szlaki współczulne: Zwoje łańcucha współczulnego
The sympathetic chains are paired ganglia located bilaterally along the spinal cord.
They are synapse sites between the preganglionic and postganglionic ...
Szlaki współczulne: zwoje poboczne i rdzeń nadnerczy
The collateral ganglia are the synapse sites between the preganglionic and postganglionic fibers that innervate the abdominal and pelvic region organs.
...
Sygnalizacja współczulna
Sympathetic signaling activates the sympathetic nervous system through the interactions between neurotransmitters and their receptors on target ...
Aktywacja współczulna
The sympathetic nervous system triggers numerous physiological changes to prepare the body for the fight-or-flight response.
During rigorous physical ...
Oddział Przywspółczulny ANS
The parasympathetic division of the ANS operates during non-stressful situations, allowing for relaxation and energy conservation. It promotes digestion, ...
Czaszkowa część podziału przywspółczulnego
The cranial part of the ANS parasympathetic division consists of preganglionic fibers that originate in the brainstem and innervate various structures in ...
Sygnalizacja przywspółczulna
Parasympathetic signaling relays information from the nervous system to target organs, promoting rest, digestion, and relaxation responses. This pathway ...
Zaburzenia autonomicznego układu nerwowego
Abnormal regulation of smooth muscle function is a characteristic of many autonomic nervous system disorders.
The most severe of these disorders include ...
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