<p class="jove_content">We would like to thank Mr. Julio Maia for participating in this video and Mr. Joel S. Torres for reviewing the manuscript. Bruno Gualano is supported by Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Tecnologia.</p>

<p class="jove_title">1. Determination of full vascular occlusion pressure</p>
<ol>
    <li>In order to determine the blood pressure of vascular occlusion, in mmHg, a vascular Doppler is used</li>
    <li>The patient lies in a supine position while a customized blood pressure cuff (180mm length x 80mm width) is fixed on his thigh.</li>
    <li>After detection of the tibial artery location, the Doppler's probe is then placed over the determined spot in the patient's leg.</li>
    <li>A sound signal is generated by the Doppler machine as it captures the artery pulse.</li>
    <li>The customized blood pressure cuff is then inflated until it interrupts the ascultatory pulse of the tibial artery.</li>
    <li>The pressure required for full vascular occlusion is registered for future use during training.</li>
    <li>For safety reasons, arterial blood pressure is also monitored.</li>
</ol>
<p class="jove_title">2. Resistance training with vascular occlusion</p>
<ol>
	<li>A brief warm-up on a treadmill (5 min walk at a comfortable pace) is recommended prior to exercise</li>
	<li>The patient is then positioned on the strength training equipment. A conventional leg press machine is used</li>
	<li>Two pressure cuffs are now positioned near the inguinal fold region on each thigh and inflated to the correspondent training pressure (50% of full vascular occlusion pressure).</li>
	<li>At this time, it is important to keep the manometers facing forward, for fine tuning of the appropriate pressure.</li>
	<li>The patient performs 3 sets of 15 repetitions, with 30 seconds rest periods between sets.</li>
	<li>Note that training pressure is maintained during the whole exercise session, including resting intervals.</li>
	<li>A conventional leg extension machine is also part of our exercise program. The same protocol is used on this equipment, and again, occlusion pressure is kept constant at all times.</li>
	<li>The last exercise is the half squat. A chair may be used for safety reasons, since the impaired strength ability of the IBM patient. Blood flow occlusion procedure follows the same pattern as the previous exercises</li>
	<li>Training intensity is adjusted according to the gradual increase in strength so the patient would be able to perform no more than 15 repetitions. We recommend that training sessions are monitored by at least two investigators, each one controlling the occlusion pressure on each leg.</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>Needha, M., Mastaglia, F. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inclusion+body+myositis:+current+pathogenetic+concepts+and+diagnostic+and+therapeutic+approaches.">Inclusion body myositis: current pathogenetic concepts and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Lancet Neurol</em>. <b>6</b>, 620-631 (2007).</li><li>de Salles Painelli, V., Gualano, B., Artioli, G. G., de Sa Pinto, A. L., Bonfa, E., Lancha Junior, A. H., Lima, F. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+possible+role+of+physical+exercise+on+the+treatment+of+idiopathic+inflammatory+myopathies.">The possible role of physical exercise on the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Autoimmun. Rev</em>. <b>8</b>, 355-359 (2009).</li><li>Spector, S. A., Lemmer, J. T., Koffman, B. M., Fleisher, T. A., Feuerstein, I. M., Hurley, B. F., Dalakas, M. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Safety+and+efficacy+of+strength+training+in+patients+with+sporadic+inclusion+body+myositis.">Safety and efficacy of strength training in patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Muscle Nerve</em>. <b>20</b>, 1242-1248 (1997).</li><li>Gualano, B., Neves, M., Lima, F. R., de S&#225; Pinto, A. L., Laurentino, G., Borges, C., Baptista, L., Artioli, G. G., Aoki, M. S., Moriscot, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Training+with+Vascular+Occlusion+in+Inclusion+BodyMyositis:+A+Case+Study.">Training with Vascular Occlusion in Inclusion BodyMyositis: A Case Study.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Med. Sci. Sports Exerc</em>. , .</li><li>Takarada, Y., Takazawa, H., Sato, Y., Takebayashi, S., Tanaka, Y., Ishii, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+resistance+exercise+combined+with+moderate+vascular+occlusion+on+muscular+function+in+humans.">Effects of resistance exercise combined with moderate vascular occlusion on muscular function in humans.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>J. Appl. Physiol</em>. <b>88</b>, 2097-2106 (2000).</li></ol>

<p class="jove_content">We presented a novel, and likely the first, non pharmacological therapeutic tool able to counteract the muscle atrophy and decline of strength that usually occurs in patients with IBM under conventional treatment. Resistance training with vascular occlusion is a relatively novel training method, but results are very encouraging. We have found that after a 12-wk training program, an IBM patient's leg press one-repetition maximum, balance and mobility function, and thigh cross-sectional area increased 15.9%, 60%, and 4.7%,...

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		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
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		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Vascular Doppler</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Treadmill (optional)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Two customized tourniquets cuffs with pressure manometers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Conventional blood pressure cuff</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Leg extension machine</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Leg press machine</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
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vascular occlusion training for inclusion body myositis: a novel therapeutic approach

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a rare idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. It is known to produces remarkable muscle weakness and to greatly compromise function and quality of life. Moreover, clinical practice suggests that, unlike other inflammatory myopathies, the majority of IBM patients are not responsive to treatment with immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs to counteract disease progression<sup>1</sup>. Additionally, conventional resistance training programs have been proven ineffective in restoring muscle function and muscle mass in these patients<sup>2,3</sup>. Nevertheless, we have recently observed that restricting muscle blood flow using tourniquet cuffs in association with moderate intensity resistance training in an IBM patient produced a significant gain in muscle mass and function, along with substantial benefits in quality of life<sup>4</sup>. Thus, a new non-pharmacological approach for IBM patients has been proposed. Herein, we describe the details of a proposed protocol for vascular occlusion associated with a resistance training program for this population.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Vascular Occlusion Training for Inclusion Body Myositis: A Novel Therapeutic Approach at JoVE.com

Vascular Occlusion Training for Inclusion Body Myositis: A Novel Therapeutic Approach

<p class="jove_content">The present article presents the details pertaining to the application of resistance training associated to vascular occlusion in IBM patients.</p>

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a rare idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. It is known to produces remarkable muscle weakness and to greatly compromise ...

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14.0K Views.  University of São Paulo. The present article presents the details pertaining to the application of resistance training associated to vascular occlusion in IBM patients.