<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53080">Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model</a></h2>Mariateresa Tedesco1, Monica Frega1,2, Sergio Martinoia1, Mattia Pesce3, Paolo Massobrio11Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genova, 2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 3Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)In this work, a novel experimental model in which 3D neuronal cultures are coupled to planar Micro-Electrode Arrays (MEAs) is presented. 3D networks are built by seeding neurons in a scaffold made up of glass microbeads on which neurons grow and form interconnected 3D structures.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53085">3D Hydrogel Scaffolds for Articular Chondrocyte Culture and Cartilage Generation</a></h2>Piera Smeriglio*1, Janice H. Lai*1,2, Fan Yang1,3, Nidhi Bhutani11Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Stanford University, 2Mechanical Engineering Department, Stanford University, 3Bioengineering Department, Stanford UniversityCartilage repair represents an unmet medical challenge and cell-based approaches to engineer human articular cartilage are a promising solution. Here, we describe three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic hydrogels as an ideal tool for the expansion and maturation of human articular chondrocytes. <h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53084">A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection</a></h2>Clara Braian1, Mattias Svensson2, Susanna Brighenti2, Maria Lerm1, Venkata R. Parasa1,21Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Link&#246;ping University, 2Dept. of Medicine, Karolinska InstituteHuman tuberculosis infection is a complex process, which is difficult to model in vitro. Here we describe a novel 3D human lung tissue model that recapitulates the dynamics that occur during infection, including the migration of immune cells and early granuloma formation in a physiological environment.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53258">Using an Ingestible Telemetric Temperature Pill to Assess Gastrointestinal Temperature during Exercise</a></h2>Coen C.W.G. Bongers, Maria T.E. Hopman, Thijs M.H. EijsvogelsRadboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical CenterThis study describes an accurate, reliable and non-invasive technique to continuously measure gastrointestinal temperature during exercise. The ingestible telemetric temperature pill is suitable to measure gastrointestinal temperature in laboratory settings as well as in field based settings.

october 2015 - this month in jove: tuberculosis infection modeling, telemetric temperature pills, bioengineered cartilage, and 3d neuronal networks

Here's a look at what's coming up in the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/104">October 2015 issue</a> of <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/i2">JoVE Immunology &amp; Infection</a>, we feature a method for studying tuberculosis (TB), which affects 9 million people and causes 1.5 million deaths every year. The bacteria that cause TB spread through the air and set up infection in the lungs, and may spread to other organs. TB infection is a complex process and difficult to model in vitro. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53084/">Braian et al.</a> present a novel 3D human lung tissue model that recapitulates the dynamics that occur during TB infection, and provides a useful tool for studying this deadly infectious disease.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/med">JoVE Medicine</a>, 80% of the energy used for muscle contraction is released as heat, so physical activity can increase the body's core temperature. If core temperature gets too high, it may decrease physical performance or cause heat-related disorders. So it's important to monitor core temperature during prolonged and strenuous exercise. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53258/">Bongers et al.</a> describe a telemetric temperature pill that can be swallowed so it noninvasively measures gastrointestinal temperature during exercise. This pill is useful for monitoring core temperatures in laboratory and field-based settings.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/bioengineering">JoVE Bioengineering</a>, articular cartilage is particularly difficult to repair, and remains an unmet challenge for biomedical engineers. Promising approaches for regenerating cartilage include cell-based therapies. And this month, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53085/">Smeriglio et al.</a> describe a method for isolating articular chondrocytes and fabricating biomimetic hydrogels. These provide physiologically relevant microenvironments for chondrocyte expansion and maturation. The engineered cartilage tissue can then be assessed for regenerative potential.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/neuro">JoVE Neuroscience</a>, in vitro recordings of electrophysiological activity are mostly done in two-dimensional (2D) neuronal networks. This month, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53080/">Tedesco et al.</a> present a novel 3D platform that couples neuronal networks to planar micro-electrode arrays (MEAs). Scaffolds made of glass microbeads allow neurons to form complex 3D assemblies. The greater morphological complexity allows a wider range of electrophysiological patterns compared to standard 2D networks, and more closely approximates in vivo neural networks. 
You've just had a sneak peek of the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/104">October 2015 issue</a> of <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE</a>. Visit the website to see the full-length articles, plus many more, in <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about October 2015 - This Month in JoVE: tuberculosis infection modeling, telemetric temperature pills, bioengineered cartilage, and 3D neuronal networks at JoVE.co

October 2015 - This Month in JoVE: tuberculosis infection modeling, telemetric temperature pills, bioengineered cartilage, and 3D neuronal networks

Here's a look at what's coming up in the October 2015 issue of JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.
In JoVE Immunology &amp; Infection, we feature ...

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1.7K Views.  Massachusetts Eye and Ear. October 2015 - This Month in JoVE: tuberculosis infection modeling, telemetric temperature pills, bioengineered cartilage, and 3D neuronal networks

Video: October 2015 - This Month in JoVE: tuberculosis infection modeling, telemetric temperature pills, bioengineered cartilage, and 3D neuronal networks

2012: A Year In Review

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE reached a major milestone by publishing our 1500th article. In this publication, in JoVE Bioengineering, Yu et al. described a method for analyzing the free radical composition of cigarette smoke. This method simulated cigarette puffing with a single-port smoking device, and combined it with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to measure the degree to which antioxidant compounds can scavenge free radicals in cigarette smoke. A possible outcome of this research is the creation of less harmful cigarettes.
JoVE Bioengineering also contained the most-viewed article of 2012. Owczarczak et al. described a method for hacking a standard inkjet printer, loading ink cartridges with a cell-suspension "bioink," and printing lines of live cells onto glass slides. The thermal inkjet printing process creates temporary pores in the cell membrane, visualized by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled actin monomers. This concept, called "bioprinting," has many potential applications in cell and tissue engineering.
Also in 2012, JoVE Bioengineering featured a protocol by Hsia et al. for isolating and purifying spider silk protein, spinning it into fibers, and assessing the fiber strength. This protocol for laboratory-scale production of spider silk, which is stronger than tensile steel, can potentially be extended to large-scale manufacturing.
In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, we featured a number of articles related to stroke, one of which. In one article, M&ouml;bius-Winkler et al. demonstrated placement of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device from Boston Scientific. This device is designed to prevent strokes by trapping clots within the left atrial appendage of the heart before they exit. Our authors demonstrated how to insert the guide wire through the femoral artery into the heart, advance the device into the left atrium, and deploy the device in the left atrial appendage.
Another article focused on stroke, Hamel et al. described the use of a driving simulator to study how patients compensate for visual field defects following stroke. By analyzing the compensatory gaze behavior of patients as they navigated through virtual driving courses with varying degrees of complexity, our authors see great potential for the use of driving simulators in stroke rehabilitation.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we published an article by Keyel et al. describing the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using live cell microscopy. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response.
Also in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we featured an article by Yap et al. describing methods for diagnosing helminth infections in children. Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect the intestinal tract of humans and animals, and may be distinguished based on their morphology. The same article demonstrated how to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness in children, which is a measure of overall health.
In JoVE Neuroscience, we featured a method by Hoffmann et al., who used tiny headphones to alter the auditory feedback in songbirds, and analyzed the computational and neurophysiological basis of vocal learning in birds when they adjust their singing in response to altered acoustic signals.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, we moved from birds to bees with a method that assesses associative and non-associative tactile learning in honeybees. This method, by Mujagi&#263; et al., allowed bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae, then conditioned them to expect sugar water when their antennae touched particular surfaces, and analyzed the corresponding changes in antennal movement.
In 2012, we launched a brand-new section: JoVE Applied Physics, which features articles on subjects ranging from plasma physics to material science. The Applied Physics section also contained JoVE's 2000th video article, filmed in a synchrotron radiation facility, where Borisenko et al. showed how to determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
In the JoVE General section, we published an article by Artioli et al. demonstrating the use of a portable gas analyzer to measure oxygen consumption during complex exercise - such as judo. By analyzing oxygen consumption and collecting blood for measuring plasma lactate concentration, this method can determine the relative contributions of different energy systems to specific aspects of complex exercise.
Finally, JoVE followed Dolhi et al. to a permanently ice-covered saline lake in Antarctica. There, scientists drilled through the ice to study single-celled microorganisms called protists that live in the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
This Year in Review was just a brief glimpse of a few of over 600 video articles that JoVE offered in 2012. Browse the JoVE archives to see thousands of other videos, and stay tuned for what's coming up this year in JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

 
 
Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE ...