Capítulo 16
Ondas
Ondas Viajantes
A wave is a disturbance that propagates from its source, repeating itself periodically, and is typically associated with simple harmonic motion. ...
Parâmetros de Onda
The simplest mechanical waves are associated with simple harmonic motion and repeat themselves for several cycles. These simple harmonic waves can be ...
Equações do Movimento das Ondas
Mathematically, the motion of a wave can be studied using a wavefunction. Consider a string oscillating up and down in simple harmonic motion, having a ...
Representando graficamente a função de onda
Consider the wave equation for a sinusoidal wave moving in the positive x-direction. The wave equation is a function of both position and time. From the ...
Velocidade e Aceleração de uma Onda
A wave propagates through a medium with a constant speed, known as a wave velocity. It is different from the speed of the particles of the medium, which ...
Velocidade de uma Onda Transversal
The speed of a wave depends on the characteristics of the medium. For example, in the case of a guitar, the strings vibrate to produce the sound. The ...
Resolução de problemas: afinação de uma corda de violão
In the case of stringed instruments like the guitar, the elastic property that determines the speed of the sound produced is its linear mass density or ...
Energia Cinética e Potencial de uma Onda
All forms of waves carry energy; this is directly visualized in nature. For instance, the waves of earthquakes are so intense that they can shake huge ...
Energia e Potência de uma Onda
The total energy associated with a wavelength is the sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy. The average rate of energy transfer associated ...
Interferência e Superposição de Ondas
When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect ...
Reflexão de Ondas
When a wave travels from one medium to another, it gets reflected at the boundary of the second medium. A common example of this is when a person yells at ...
Propagação de Ondas
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second ...
Ondas Estacionárias
Sometimes waves do not seem to move; rather, they just vibrate in place. Unmoving waves can be seen on the surface of a glass of milk kept in a ...
Modos de Ondas Estacionárias - I
A close look at earthquakes provides evidence for the conditions appropriate for resonance, standing waves, and constructive and destructive interference. ...
Modos de Ondas Estacionárias - II
The starting point for expressing the modes of standing waves is understanding the boundary conditions that the waves must follow. The boundary conditions ...
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