JoVE Science Education

Physical Examinations III

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English

Foot Exam

Обзор

Source: Robert E. Sallis, MD. Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, California, USA

The foot is a complex structure composed of numerous bones and articulations. It provides flexibility, is the essential contact point needed for ambulation, and is uniquely suited to absorb shock. Because the foot must support the weight of the entire body, it is prone to injury and pain. When examining the foot, it is important to remove shoes and socks on both sides, so that the entire foot can be inspected and compared. It is important to closely compare the injured or painful foot to the uninvolved side. The essential parts of the evaluation of the foot include inspection, palpation (which should include vascular assessment), testing of the range of motion (ROM) and strength, and the neurological evaluation.

Процедура

1. Inspection

  1. Inspect and compare both fully exposed feet from the front, the side, and from behind.
  2. Note any asymmetry, swelling, ecchymosis, and arch deformities.
  3. Inspect the skin and nails for evidence of infection, calluses, and corns.
  4. Inspect the shoes for abnormal wear patterns.

2. Palpation

With the patient seated, palpate for tenderness, swelling, or deformity in the foot using the tips of the index and middle f

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Заявка и Краткое содержание

Examination of the foot is best done with the patient first in a standing and then sitting position. The exam should follow a stepwise approach, and it is important that shoes and socks be removed from both of the patient's feet to allow easy inspection and comparison. The exam should begin with inspection, looking for asymmetry between the involved and uninvolved foot. Palpation of key structures is done next, looking for tenderness, swelling, or deformity. This is followed with assessing ROM in the forefoot and toe

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