Chapter 21
Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors
Peptic ulcers are sores in the mucosa of the stomach or duodenum.
The mucosal epithelium houses acid-secreting parietal and gastrin-secreting G cells.
The ...
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors
Peptic ulcer disease, or PUD, involves discontinuous gastrointestinal tract lining due to gastric acid or pepsin secretion.
The mucus-bicarbonate barrier ...
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors
Two of the main contributors to peptic ulcer formation are H. pylori infections or NSAID use, both facilitating gastric acid production.
Gastric acid is ...
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists
Histamine H2 receptors are G protein-coupled receptors located on the basolateral membrane of parietal cells.
Histamine released from ECL cells binds to ...
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Antacids
In the gastric lumen, increased acid secretion can form or exacerbate ulcers in the mucosal layer.
Carbonate antacids, like sodium bicarbonate and calcium ...
Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Sucralfate as Mucosal Protective Agents
Recall that increased acid secretion in the gastric lumen disrupts mucosal defense mechanisms and weakens the mucus-bicarbonate barrier.
This enables ...
Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Prostaglandin Analogs as Mucosal Protective Agents
The gastric mucosa majorly produces prostaglandin E2 and I2 to protect cells from mucosal injury.
These bind to EP3 receptors, which couple with ...
Treating Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers: Antimicrobial Therapy
Helicobacter pylori or H. pylori, a gram-negative bacillus, thrives in the stomach's acidic environment, impairing somatostatin production. This ...
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