Summary
Abstract
Introduction
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
Acknowledgements
Materials
References
Immunology and Infection
新世界Zikaウイルス感染クローンからの組換えウイルスの救出とキャラクタリゼーション
このプロトコールは、2プラスミドの感染性cDNAクローンからの感染性Zikaウイルスの回収を記載している。
感染性cDNAクローンは、ウイルスの遺伝子操作を可能にし、したがって、ワクチン、病原性、複製、伝達およびウイルスの進化に関する作業を容易にする。ここでは、アメリカで爆発的な流行を引き起こしているZikaウイルス（ZIKV）の感染クローンの構築について説明します。フラビウイルス由来のプラスミドでよく見られる細菌への毒性を防ぐために、我々はNS1遺伝子のゲノムを分離し、突然変異を伴わずに正常に回収できなかった完全長構築物よりも安定な2プラスミドシステムを作製した。 2つの断片を連結する消化およびライゲーションの後、全長ウイルスRNAを、T7 RNAポリメラーゼを用いたインビトロ転写によって生成することができる。転写されたRNAの細胞への電気穿孔の後、同様のインビトロでの増殖速度およびインビボでの病原性および感染表現型をマウスおよび蚊でそれぞれ示したウイルスが回収された。
Zikaウイルス（ZIKV; Family Flaviviridae ： Flavivirus属）は、2013-14年にブラジルに到着した蚊媒介性フラビウイルスであり、以後、アメリカ全土に広がった熱性疾患の大規模な発生に関連しています1 。さらに、ZIKVは、成人のギラン・バレー症候群や胎児や新生児の小頭症などの重篤な疾患の結果と関連している2 。西半球で急速に普及する前はZIKVについてほとんど知られていなかった。これには分子ツールの欠如が含まれており、したがって機構的研究が妨げられている。感染性cDNAクローンなどのウイルスのための分子ツールは、ワクチンおよび抗ウイルス治療の開発を容易にし、差別的ウイルス病原性、免疫応答およびウイルスの進化に関連するウイルス遺伝因子の評価を可能にする。
フラビウイルスの感染性クローンは、crのため細菌中で非常に不安定であることが知られているそれらのゲノムに存在する恒温性原核生物プロモーター3 。この問題を改善するためにいくつかのアプローチが用いられてきた。ゲノムを複数のプラスミド6に分割すること、低コピー数のベクター（細菌人工染色体を含む）
Here we describe a method for the recovery of a bipartite infectious cDNA clone system for ZIKV. Previously described clones for ZIKV suffer from either attenuation or require the addition of introns, making plasmids larger and preventing rescue in insect cells. Infectious virus can be recovered using the two-plasmid clone system in either mammalian or insect cells (data not shown). In addition, virus recovered from this system behaves similarly to wild-type virus in several cell lines, in an immunocompromised mouse mode.......
| Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
| NEB Stable CompetentE. coli | New England BioLabs | C3040H | |
| Carbenicillin, Disodium Salt | various | ||
| Zyppy Plasmid Miniprep Kit | Zymo Research | D4036 | |
| ZymoPURE Plasmid Maxiprep Kit | Zymo Research | D4202 | |
| SalI-HF | New England BioLabs | R3138S | 20,000 units/ml |
| NheI-HF | New England BioLabs | R3131S | 20,000 units/ml |
| ApaLI | New England BioLabs | R0507S | 10,000 units/ml |
| EcoRI-HF | New England BioLabs | R3101S | 20,000 units/ml |
| BamHI-HF | New England BioLabs | R3136S | 20,000 units/ml |
| HindIII-HF | New England BioLabs | R3104S | 20,000 units/ml |
| illustra TempliPhi 100 Amplification Kit | GE Healthcare Life Sciences | 25640010 | |
| NucleoSpin Gel and PCR Clean-up | Macherey-Nagel | 740609.5 | |
| Shrimp Alkaline Phosphatase (rSAP) | New England BioLabs | M0371S | 1,000 units/ml |
| Alkaline Phosphatase, Calf Intestinal (CIP) | New England BioLabs | M0290S | 10,000 units/ml |
| T4 DNA Ligase | New England BioLabs | M0202S | 400,000units/mL |
| HiScribe T7 ARCA mRNA Kit | New England BioLabs | E2065S | |
| Vero cells | ATCC | CCL-81 | |
| ECM 630 High Throughput Electroporation System | BTX | 45-0423 | Other machines are acceptable. |
| LB Broth with agar (Miller) | Sigma | L3147 | Can be homemade as well. |
| Terrific Broth | Sigma | T0918 | Can be homemade as well. |
| Petri Dish | Celltreat | 229693 | |
| Culture Tubes | VWR International | 60818-576 | |
| T75 flasks | Celltreat | 229340 | |
| T182 flasks | Celltreat | 229350 | |
| 1x PBS | Corning | 21-040-CV | |
| RPMI 1640 with L-glutamine | Corning | 10-040-CV | |
| DMEM with L-glutamine and 4.5 g/L glucose | Corning | 10-017-CV | |
| Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) | Atlas Biologicals | FP-0500-A | |
| Tragacanth Powder | MP Bio | MP 104792 | |
| Crystal Violet | Amresco | 0528-1006 | |
| Ethanol Denatured | VWR International | BDH1156-1LP | |
| 6 well plate | Celltreat | 229106 | |
| 12 well plate | Celltreat | 229111 | |
| Sequencing Oligos | IDT | see table 1 | |
| Qubit 3.0 | ThermoFisher | Qubit 3.0 | other methods are acceptable. |
| Qubit dsDNA BR Assay Kit | ThermoFisher | Q32850 | other methods are acceptable. |
| Qubit RNA HS Assay Kit | ThermoFisher | Q32852 | other methods are acceptable. |
| Class II Biosafety Cabinet | Varies | N/A | This is necessary for live-virus work. |
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