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Biology

葉甲虫の宿主 - 腸内微生物叢相互作用研究のための組織培養苗木を用いた軸状昆虫の調製および飼育

Published: October 8th, 2021

DOI:

10.3791/63195

1State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 2Institute of Plant Protection, Wuhan Institute of Landscape Architecture, 3McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin

軸状昆虫を得るために、その卵表面を滅菌し、孵化した幼虫を引き続き軸葉を用いて飼育する。この方法は、抗生物質を投与したり、人工飼料を開発したりすることなく、他の葉を食べる昆虫にも適用することができる軸索昆虫調製のための効率的な方法を提供する。

昆虫の腸は、宿主の生理学的特徴に深く影響を与える可能性のある多様な細菌によってコロニー形成されています。特定の細菌株を軸索昆虫に導入することは、腸内微生物の機能を検証し、腸内微生物と宿主の相互作用の根底にあるメカニズムを解明する強力な方法です。抗生物質を投与するか、卵の表面を殺菌することは、昆虫から腸内細菌を除去するために一般的に使用される2つの方法である。しかし、昆虫に対する抗生物質の潜在的な悪影響に加えて、以前の研究では、抗生物質を摂食することは腸内細菌を排除することができないことが示されていた。したがって、無菌の人工食は、一般的に、自然食品の栄養成分に完全には似ていない退屈で労働集約的なプロセスである軸状昆虫を維持するために使用されています。ここで説明されているのは、葉の甲虫(Plagiodera versicolora)の軸索幼虫を調製および維持するための効率的で簡単なプロトコルである。具体的には、カブトムシの卵の表面を殺菌し、続いて無菌ポプラ葉を用いて軸索幼虫を飼育した。昆虫の軸索状態は、培養依存性および培養非依存性アッセイによってさらに確認された。集合的に、卵の消毒と無菌栽培を組み合わせることによって、効率的で便利な方法が開発され、axenic P. versicoloraが得られ、他の葉を食べる昆虫にとって容易に移動可能なツールが提供された。

哺乳類と同様に、昆虫消化管は食物の消化吸収のための空洞である。ほとんどの昆虫は、腸内で繁栄し、宿主1によって供給される栄養で生活する多様な共生細菌を保有しています。腸内共生コミュニティは、食物消化および2,3,4、栄養および発達5,6,7、病原体および寄生虫に対する防御8,9,10,11、化学コミュニケーション12,13および行動14を含む、昆虫の複数の生理学的プロセスに深刻な影響を及ぼしている。,15.興味深いことに、いくつ....

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1. 昆虫飼育

  1. P. versicolora集団を成長チャンバー内で27°C、相対湿度70±5%の条件で維持し、明暗16時間/暗8時間の光周期にする。タイル張りの濡れた吸収紙で穴あいたプラスチック製の箱に入れ、新鮮なポプラの枝に餌をやる。吸湿紙にきれいな水をスプレーして水分を維持し、2日ごとに枝を変えます。
  2. 蛹化後の産卵のために成虫を隔離する。より多くの卵を得?.......

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P. versicoloraのライフステージを図1に示す。成人男性は成人女性よりも小さい(図1A)。畑では、カブトムシは卵を葉に集めます。ここでは、4つの卵が葉から剥離した(図1B)。疥瘡昆虫飼育に用いたポプラ茎セグメントと苗木を図2に示す。3幼虫の腸を図3に示し、腸の?.......

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無菌幼虫の作製や、特定の細菌株の再導入によるノットバイオティクス幼虫の取得は、宿主-微生物相互作用の根底にあるメカニズムを解明する強力な方法である。新たに孵化した幼虫は、2つの主要な方法で腸内微生物叢を得る:母親から子孫への垂直伝達または兄弟姉妹および環境34からの水平取得。前者は、卵表面35の汚染を介して子孫への親の移送によ.......

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この研究は、中国国家自然科学財団(31971663)とCASTによる若手エリート科学者スポンサーシッププログラム(2020QNRC001)から資金提供を受けました。

....

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NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
0.22 µm syringe filtersMilliporeSLGP033RB
1 mg/mL NAA stock solutiona. Prepare 0.1 M NaOH solution (dissolve 0.8 g NaOH in 200 mL of distilled water).
b. Add 0.2 g NAA in a 250 mL beaker, add little 0.1 M NaOH solution until NAA dissolved, and adjust the final volume to 200 mL with distilled water.
c. Filter the solution to remove bacteria with a 0.22 µm syringe filter and a 50 mL sterile syringe, subpackage the solution in 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes and restore at -20 °C.
1.5 mL microcentrifuge tubesSangon BiotechF600620
10x PBS stock solutionBiosharp Life SciencesBL302A
2 M KOH solutionDissolve 22.44 g KOH (molecular weight: 56.1) in 200 mL of distilled water and autoclave it for 20 min at 121 °C.
250 mL and 2,000 mL beakersShubosb16455
50 mL sterile syringesJintaJT0125789
500 mL measuring cylinderShubosb1601
50x TAE stock solutiona. Dissolve 242 g Tris and 18.612 g EDTA in 700 mL of distilled water.
b. Adjust pH to 7.8 with about 57.1 mL of acetic acid.
c. Adjust the final volume to 1,000 mL.
d. The stock solution was diluted to 1x TAE buffer when used.
75% ethanolXingheda trade
α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)Solarbio Life Sciences86-87-3
Absorbing paper22.3 cm x 15.3 cm x 9 cm
Acetic acidSinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd
AgarCoolaber9002-18-0
AgaroseBiowest111860
AutoclavePanasonicMLS-3781L-PC
Bead-beating homogenizerJing XinXM-GTL64
DNA extraction kitMP Biomedicals116560200
EDTASaiguo Biotech1340
Filter paperJiaojie70 mm diameter
Gel electrophoresis unitBio-rad164-5052
Gel Signal Green nucleic acid dyeTsingKeTSJ003
Germ-free poplar seedlingsShan Xin poplar from Ludong University in Shandong Province
Golden Star Super PCR Master Mix (1.1×)TsingKeTSE101
Growth chamberRuihuaHP400GS-C
LB agar mediuma. Dissolve 5 g tryptone, 5 g NaCl, 2.5 g yeast extract in 300 mL of distilled water.
b. Adjust the final volume to 500 mL, transfer the solution to a 1,000 mL conical flask, and add 7.5 g agar.
c. Autoclave the medium for 20 min at 121 °C.
Mini centrifugeDRAGONLABD1008
MS basic mediumCoolaberPM1121-50LM0245
MS solid medium for germ-free poplar seedling culturea. Dissolve 4.43 g MS basic medium powder and 30 g sucrose in 800 mL of distilled water.
b. Adjust the pH to about 5.8 with 2 M KOH by a pH meter.
c. Adjust the final volume to 1,000 mL, separate into two parts, transfer into two 1,000 mL conical flasks, and add 2.6 g agar per 500 mL.
d. Autoclave for 20 min at 121 °C.
NanoDrop 1000 spectrophotometerThermo Fisher Scientific
Paintbrush1 cm width, used to collect the eggs
ParafilmBemisPM-996
PCR Thermal CyclersEppendorf6331000076
Petri dishesSupin90 mm diameter
pH meterMETTLER TOLEDOFE20
Pipettes 0.2-2 µLGilsonECS000699
Pipettes 100-1,000 µLEppendorf3120000267
Pipettes 20-200 µLEppendorf3120000259
Pipettes 2-20 µLEppendorf3120000232
Plant tissue culture containerChembaseZP21240 mL
Plastic box2.35 L
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd
Primers for amplifying the bacterial 16S rRNA geneSangon Biotech27-F: 5’-ACGGATACCTTGTTACGAC-3’, 1492R: 5’-ACGGATACCTTGTTACGAC-3’
Sodium chloride (NaCl)Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd
Steel balls0.25 mmused to grind tissues
StereomicroscopeOLYMPUSSZ61
SucroseSinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd
Trans2K plus II DNA markerTransgene BiotechBM121-01
Tris baseBiosharp Life Sciences1115
TryptoneThermo Fisher Scientific LP0037
UV transilluminatorMonad BiotechQuickGel 6100
VortexerScilogexMX-S
Willow branchesSha Lake Park, Wuhan, China
Willow leaf beetleHuazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Yeast extractThermo Fisher ScientificLP0021

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