Solomon H. Snyder

Phospholipase C gamma 1 is a physiological guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the nuclear GTPase PIKE.

Inositol pyrophosphates are required for DNA hyperrecombination in protein kinase c1 mutant yeast.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 dependence of stress-induced transcription factors and associated gene expression in glia.

Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase localization mediated by a ternary complex with synapsin and CAPON.

UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase, a key enzyme in proteoglycan synthesis: cloning, characterization, and localization.

Akt-dependent phosphorylation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase mediates penile erection.

Neurobiology: serotonin sustains serenity.

Schizophrenia: diverse approaches to a complex disease.

Calpain-dependent cleavage of cain/cabin1 activates calcineurin to mediate calcium-triggered cell death.

Inositol pyrophosphates regulate endocytic trafficking.

Forty years of neurotransmitters: a personal account.

Phospholipase C-gamma is required for agonist-induced Ca2+ entry.

Biliverdin reductase: a major physiologic cytoprotectant.

Circadian rhythms. Carbon monoxide and clocks.

Nitrosopeptide mapping: a novel methodology reveals s-nitrosylation of dexras1 on a single cysteine residue.

Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC-1): mutant truncation prevents binding to NudE-like (NUDEL) and inhibits neurite outgrowth.

Historical review: Opioid receptors.

D-serine and serine racemase are present in the vertebrate retina and contribute to the physiological activation of NMDA receptors.

Schizophrenia: neural mechanisms for novel therapies.

Inositol pyrophosphates mediate chemotaxis in Dictyostelium via pleckstrin homology domain-PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 interactions.

Akt as a mediator of cell death.

Novel neural modulators.

Carbon monoxide neurotransmission activated by CK2 phosphorylation of heme oxygenase-2.

PI3 kinase enhancer-Homer complex couples mGluRI to PI3 kinase, preventing neuronal apoptosis.

Cytochrome c binds to inositol (1,4,5) trisphosphate receptors, amplifying calcium-dependent apoptosis.

PIKE GTPase: a novel mediator of phosphoinositide signaling.

No glial death with NO.

Apoptosis and calcium: new roles for cytochrome c and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate.

PIKE (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enhancer)-A GTPase stimulates Akt activity and mediates cellular invasion.

Agonist-induced Ca2+ entry determined by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate recognition.

RACK1 binds to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and mediates Ca2+ release.

Carbon monoxide mediates vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-associated nonadrenergic/noncholinergic neurotransmission.

Autophagosome-like vacuole formation in Huntington's disease lymphoblasts.

Bilirubin benefits: cellular protection by a biliverdin reductase antioxidant cycle.

Heme oxygenase-2 is activated by calcium-calmodulin.

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors as signal integrators.

Phospholipase C-gamma1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for dynamin-1 and enhances dynamin-1-dependent epidermal growth factor receptor endocytosis.

Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor density and in vitro tumorigenicity of glioma cell lines.

Opiate receptors and beyond: 30 years of neural signaling research.

Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2, a physiologic mediator of cell death.

Phosphorylation of proteins by inositol pyrophosphates.

A peptide inhibitor of cytochrome c/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor binding blocks intrinsic and extrinsic cell death pathways.

Inositol pyrophosphates regulate cell death and telomere length through phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related protein kinases.

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/GAPDH complex augments Ca2+ release via locally derived NADH.

Serine racemase: activation by glutamate neurotransmission via glutamate receptor interacting protein and mediation of neuronal migration.

Obituary: Julius Axelrod (1912-2004).

Phospholipase Cgamma1 controls surface expression of TRPC3 through an intermolecular PH domain.

Huntingtin is cleaved by caspases in the cytoplasm and translocated to the nucleus via perinuclear sites in Huntington's disease patient lymphoblasts.

S-nitrosylation of N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor mediates surface expression of AMPA receptors.

S-nitrosylated GAPDH initiates apoptotic cell death by nuclear translocation following Siah1 binding.

p53 mediates cellular dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities in Huntington's disease.

The peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor and tumorigenicity: isoquinoline binding protein (IBP) antisense knockdown in the C6 glioma cell line.

Inositol polyphosphate multikinase is a nuclear PI3-kinase with transcriptional regulatory activity.

Neuroscience at Johns Hopkins.

Phospholipase C-gamma: diverse roles in receptor-mediated calcium signaling.

Genetics. Two genes link two distinct psychoses.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase binds, S-nitrosylates, and activates cyclooxygenase-2.

Messenger molecules and cell death: therapeutic implications.

A nitric oxide signaling pathway controls CREB-mediated gene expression in neurons.

Dopamine receptor excess and mouse madness.

Alternatively spliced neuronal nitric oxide synthase mediates penile erection.

Mutant huntingtin: nuclear translocation and cytotoxicity mediated by GAPDH.

Neuroprotection by pharmacologic blockade of the GAPDH death cascade.

D-aspartate regulates melanocortin formation and function: behavioral alterations in D-aspartate oxidase-deficient mice.

D-Serine as a putative glial neurotransmitter.

Turning off neurotransmitters.

Nitric oxide-GAPDH-Siah: a novel cell death cascade.

Discovering light effects on the brain.

Behavioural alterations in male mice lacking the gene for D-aspartate oxidase.

Cell signaling and neuronal death.

NMDA receptor-nitric oxide transmission mediates neuronal iron homeostasis via the GTPase Dexras1.

DANGER, a novel regulatory protein of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-receptor activity.

Neuroscience. Adam finds an exciting mate.

Action of TFII-I outside the nucleus as an inhibitor of agonist-induced calcium entry.

Flexible bilayers with spontaneous curvature lead to lamellar gels and spontaneous vesicles.

The cationic amino acid transporters CAT1 and CAT3 mediate NMDA receptor activation-dependent changes in elaboration of neuronal processes via the mammalian target of rapamycin mTOR pathway.

Nitric oxide S-nitrosylates serine racemase, mediating feedback inhibition of D-serine formation.

Ancient origin of the new developmental superfamily DANGER.

Neuronal growth and survival mediated by eIF5A, a polyamine-modified translation initiation factor.

From the Cover: Antipsychotic drug-induced weight gain mediated by histamine H1 receptor-linked activation of hypothalamic AMP-kinase.

Inositol pyrophosphate pyrotechnics.

Protein pyrophosphorylation by inositol pyrophosphates is a posttranslational event.

Opiate receptor revisited.

Seeking god in the brain--efforts to localize higher brain functions.

Julius Axelrod.

Modulation of D-serine levels in brains of mice lacking PICK1.

HSP90 regulates cell survival via inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2.

Gene deletion of inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 reveals inositol pyrophosphate regulation of insulin secretion, growth, and spermiogenesis.

Neuroscience: a complex in psychosis.

Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase products contain diphosphate and triphosphate groups.

Regulation of AMPA receptor localization in lipid rafts.

Nitric oxide-induced nuclear GAPDH activates p300/CBP and mediates apoptosis.

Palonosetron exhibits unique molecular interactions with the 5-HT3 receptor.

S-nitrosylation/activation of COX-2 mediates NMDA neurotoxicity.

Regulation of telomere length by fatty acid elongase 3 in yeast. Involvement of inositol phosphate metabolism and Ku70/80 function.

H2S as a physiologic vasorelaxant: hypertension in mice with deletion of cystathionine gamma-lyase.

TRP_2, a lipid/trafficking domain that mediates diacylglycerol-induced vesicle fusion.

Glutamatergic regulation of serine racemase via reversal of PIP2 inhibition.

Bilirubin and glutathione have complementary antioxidant and cytoprotective roles.

Signaling by gasotransmitters.

Rhes, a striatal specific protein, mediates mutant-huntingtin cytotoxicity.

Obituary: Robert Furchgott (1916-2009).

GOSPEL: a neuroprotective protein that binds to GAPDH upon S-nitrosylation.

S-nitrosylation of stargazin regulates surface expression of AMPA-glutamate neurotransmitter receptors.

Neurotransmitters, receptors, and second messengers galore in 40 years.

Cycling the wagons for biliverdin reductase.

H2S signals through protein S-sulfhydration.

Death-associated protein kinase-mediated cell death modulated by interaction with DANGER.

Molecules of madness.

Hydrogen sulfide as a gasotransmitter.

Serine racemase deletion protects against cerebral ischemia and excitotoxicity.

Aspartate racemase, generating neuronal D-aspartate, regulates adult neurogenesis.

Rhes, a physiologic regulator of sumoylation, enhances cross-sumoylation between the basic sumoylation enzymes E1 and Ubc9.

H2S mediates O2 sensing in the carotid body.

Protein modifications involved in neurotransmitter and gasotransmitter signaling.

GAPDH mediates nitrosylation of nuclear proteins.

Huntington's disease is a disorder of the corpus striatum: focus on Rhes (Ras homologue enriched in the striatum).

Constituents of bile, bilirubin and TUDCA, protect against oxidative stress-induced retinal degeneration.

p53-mediated apoptosis requires inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2.

Inositol pyrophosphates inhibit Akt signaling, thereby regulating insulin sensitivity and weight gain.

Inositol polyphosphate multikinase is a physiologic PI3-kinase that activates Akt/PKB.

Casein kinase-2 mediates cell survival through phosphorylation and degradation of inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2.

Amino acid signaling to mTOR mediated by inositol polyphosphate multikinase.

Inositol pyrophosphates in cell death and life.

Glutathione is a physiologic reservoir of neuronal glutamate.

Mind molecules.

Serotonin, cytokines, p11, and depression.

Nutrient amino acids signal to mTOR via inositol polyphosphate multikinase.

Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 regulates neutrophil function in innate immunity by inhibiting phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate signaling.

S-nitrosylation and S-palmitoylation reciprocally regulate synaptic targeting of PSD-95.

Inositol pyrophosphates as mammalian cell signals.

Hydrogen sulfide as endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor sulfhydrates potassium channels.

What dopamine does in the brain.

Neurotrophin-mediated degradation of histone methyltransferase by S-nitrosylation cascade regulates neuronal differentiation.

Rhes, a striatal-enriched small G protein, mediates mTOR signaling and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.

Role for mTOR signaling and neuronal activity in morphine-induced adaptations in ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons.

AMP-activated protein kinase is physiologically regulated by inositol polyphosphate multikinase.

Hypoxic regulation of the cerebral microcirculation is mediated by a carbon monoxide-sensitive hydrogen sulfide pathway.

Hydrogen sulfide-linked sulfhydration of NF-κB mediates its antiapoptotic actions.

Hydrogen sulfide: a gasotransmitter of clinical relevance.

Endogenous H2S is required for hypoxic sensing by carotid body glomus cells.

H₂S signalling through protein sulfhydration and beyond.

Brain D-amino acids: a novel class of neuromodulators.

Cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase mediates penile erection.

S-nitrosylation of AMPA receptor GluA1 regulates phosphorylation, single-channel conductance, and endocytosis.

Science interminable: Blame Ben?

Dexras1, a small GTPase, is required for glutamate-NMDA neurotoxicity.

Rhes deletion is neuroprotective in the 3-nitropropionic acid model of Huntington's disease.

Sulfhydration mediates neuroprotective actions of parkin.

Inositol polyphosphate multikinase is a coactivator of p53-mediated transcription and cell death.

Gene transcription by p53 requires inositol polyphosphate multikinase as a co-activator.

Behavioral effects of cocaine mediated by nitric oxide-GAPDH transcriptional signaling.

D-serine in glia and neurons derives from 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase.

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase interact to affect cognitive, affective, and social behaviors in mice.

Golgi protein ACBD3 mediates neurotoxicity associated with Huntington's disease.

AMPA receptor upregulation in the nucleus accumbens shell of cocaine-sensitized rats depends upon S-nitrosylation of stargazin.

Inositol polyphosphate multikinase is a transcriptional coactivator required for immediate early gene induction.

Inositol polyphosphate multikinase is a coactivator for serum response factor-dependent induction of immediate early genes.

Dexras1 mediates glucocorticoid-associated adipogenesis and diet-induced obesity.

Rhes, a striatal-selective protein implicated in Huntington disease, binds beclin-1 and activates autophagy.

Inherent variations in CO-H2S-mediated carotid body O2 sensing mediate hypertension and pulmonary edema.

Human genome-wide RNAi screen identifies an essential role for inositol pyrophosphates in Type-I interferon response.

Inositol pyrophosphates mediate the DNA-PK/ATM-p53 cell death pathway by regulating CK2 phosphorylation of Tti1/Tel2.

Cystathionine γ-lyase deficiency mediates neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease.

Modes of physiologic H2S signaling in the brain and peripheral tissues.

Serine racemase regulated by binding to stargazin and PSD-95: potential N-methyl-D-aspartate-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (NMDA-AMPA) glutamate neurotransmission cross-talk.

Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-1 mediates assembly/disassembly of the CRL4-signalosome complex to regulate DNA repair and cell death.

Melanopsin mediates light-dependent relaxation in blood vessels.

Neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease involves loss of cystathionine γ-lyase.

Inositol pyrophosphates promote tumor growth and metastasis by antagonizing liver kinase B1.

Rheb Inhibits Protein Synthesis by Activating the PERK-eIF2α Signaling Cascade.

Vernon B. Mountcastle 1918-2015.

Protein sulfhydration.

Protein kinase G-regulated production of H2S governs oxygen sensing.

Nitric Oxide-GAPDH Transcriptional Signaling Mediates Behavioral Actions of Cocaine.

Huntington's disease: Neural dysfunction linked to inositol polyphosphate multikinase.

Inositol Hexakisphosphate Kinase-3 Regulates the Morphology and Synapse Formation of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells via Spectrin/Adducin.

H2S: A Novel Gasotransmitter that Signals by Sulfhydration.

Human GAPDH Is a Target of Aspirin's Primary Metabolite Salicylic Acid and Its Derivatives.

Cocaine elicits autophagic cytotoxicity via a nitric oxide-GAPDH signaling cascade.

Inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) generated by IP5K mediates cullin-COP9 signalosome interactions and CRL function.

Developmental Alcohol Exposure Impairs Activity-Dependent S-Nitrosylation of NDEL1 for Neuronal Maturation.

Transcriptional control of amino acid homeostasis is disrupted in Huntington's disease.

A Life of Neurotransmitters.

H2S production by reactive oxygen species in the carotid body triggers hypertension in a rodent model of sleep apnea.

Complementary roles of gasotransmitters CO and H2S in sleep apnea.

Neuronal migration is mediated by inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 via α-actinin and focal adhesion kinase.

Opportunities for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the therapy of non-oncological diseases.

Mutant Huntingtin Disrupts the Nuclear Pore Complex.