analyses-actin-dynamics-clutch-coupling-traction-force-for-growth

Analyses of Actin Dynamics, Clutch Coupling and Traction Force for Growth Cone Advance

To establish functional networks, neurons must migrate to their appropriate destinations and then extend axons toward their target cells. These processes ...

Nara Institute of Science and Technology

 The current study aims to evaluate the  cytotoxic and cell migration effects of synthetic curcumin and its analogues on HER2 and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathways, as well as the in vivo inhibitory effect on cancer growth of metastatic breast cancer.  Cell viability, protein expression, and protein localization were determined  using MTT assay, western blotting, and immunofluorescence, respectively. Meanwhile, scratch wound healing assay and gelatin zymography were conducted to investigate the metastasis inhibitory effect. The  anti-tumor ability was evaluated in xenograft mouse model using triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.  Curcumin, PGV-0, and PGV-1 exhibited cytotoxic effect against HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Although PGV-1 showed the best activity in the single cytotoxic assay, curcumin showed the strongest synergism with doxorubicin. Curcumin and PGV-0 inhibited membrane localization of HER2. In contrast, PGV-1 neither inhibited localization nor decreased the expression of HER2, nonetheless showed the most potent inhibition against nuclear localization of p65 indicating the different mechanisms of curcumin, PGV-0, and PGV-1. Regarding cancer metastasis, curcumin and PGV-1 showed inhibitory activities against cell migration and inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression. Lastly, PGV-1 was more potent compared to curcumin to suppress the tumor formation of metastatic breast cancer xenograft model in nude mice.  Overall, our study strengthens the potency of curcumin analogue, PGV-1, for treating several types of cancer, including metastatic breast cancer.

The Target Differences of Anti-Tumorigenesis Potential of Curcumin and its Analogues Against HER-2 Positive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Dendritic spines constitute the major compartments of excitatory post-synapses. They undergo activity-dependent enlargement, which is thought to increase the synaptic efficacy underlying learning and memory. The activity-dependent spine enlargement requires activation of signaling pathways leading to promotion of actin polymerization within the spines. However, the molecular machinery that suffices for that structural plasticity remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that shootin1a links polymerizing actin filaments in spines with the cell-adhesion molecules N-cadherin and L1-CAM, thereby mechanically coupling the filaments to the extracellular environment. Synaptic activation enhances shootin1a-mediated actin-adhesion coupling in spines. Promotion of actin polymerization is insufficient for the plasticity; the enhanced actin-adhesion coupling is required for polymerizing actin filaments to push against the membrane for spine enlargement. By integrating cell signaling, cell adhesion, and force generation into the current model of actin-based machinery, we propose molecular machinery that is sufficient to trigger the activity-dependent spine structural plasticity.

Ria Fajarwati Kastian

Laboratory of Systems Neurobiology and Medicine,
Division of Biological Science,
Laboratory of Systems Neurobiology and Medicine, Division of Biological Science

Nara Institute of Science and Technology

Analyses of Actin Dynamics, Clutch Coupling and Traction Force for Growth Cone Advance

Ria Fajarwati Kastian

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Laboratory of Systems Neurobiology and Medicine,Division of Biological Science,Laboratory of Systems Neurobiology and Medicine, Division of Biological Science

Nara Institute of Science and Technology

Analyses of Actin Dynamics, Clutch Coupling and Traction Force for Growth Cone Advance

Laboratory of Systems Neurobiology and Medicine,
Division of Biological Science,
Laboratory of Systems Neurobiology and Medicine, Division of Biological Science