The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized ...

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and ...

People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events ...

A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve ...

The representative heuristic describes a biased way of thinking, in which you unintentionally stereotype someone or something. For example, you may assume ...

In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we ...

The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our ...

Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew ...

Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding ...