Boyuna görüntüleme bir hastalığın ilerleyişini takip ya da tedavi edici bir etkisi ölçmek için klinik öncesi çalışmalarda kullanılır. Onkoloji, optik yöntemler, tümör büyümesini izlemek ve böyle bir çalışmanın her zaman noktasında, hücre büyümesi veya gen ifadesi kesin kantitatif sunmak için titiz araçları sağlar. MicroCT gibi yüksek çözünürlüklü bir tekniği kullanılarak ölçülür Anatomik değişiklikler olabilir, ama Boyuna görüntüleme için düşük bir X-ışını doz biyolojik bozulmaları önlemek için kullanılması gerekir. Optik ve microCT görüntüler maksimum bilgi hayvan modeli elde edilir emin fonksiyonel ve anatomik veri bir arada sağlamak için ortak tescil edilebilir. 1. Hücre hazırlık <ol><li> Kaliper fare modelleri, ön-klinik araştırma lusiferaz ifade kanser hücre hatları bir dizi sağlar. </li><li> MDA-MB-231-luc-D2H2LN, in vivo tumorgenesis optik bir göstergesi olarak kullanılabilir lusiferaz gen ifade eden bir insan meme tümör hücre hattı. Bu hücre hattı D3H1 meme yağ yastığı tümör kaynaklanan kendiliğinden bir lenf nodu metastazı oluşturulur ve agresif metastaz formu bilinmektedir. </li><li> Hücreleri kolayca seçim işaretleyicilerini gerek standart medya yetişen bir patojen içermeyen dondurulmuş kültür olarak verilmektedir. </li><li> Enjeksiyondan önce hayvan Lusiferaz aktivitesi doğrulamak için% 90 konfluent balon trypsinization hasat edilir. Lusiferaz aktivitesi mikrotiter plate 50.000 hücreleri dağıtım ve seri seyreltme performans ile ölçülür. </li></ol> 2. Hayvanlarda hücrelerin intrakardiyak enjeksiyon <ol><li> Enjeksiyondan önce, hayvanlar% 3 izofluran kullanarak anestezi vardır. </li><li> Sol ventrikül 50ul hacmi 1-3 milyon hücre enjekte edilir. Hücre süspansiyon 150ug/ml D-luciferase enjeksiyon tekniği doğrulamak için içerir. </li><li> IVIS sistemi doğru bir intrakardiyak enjeksiyon fareler onaylamak için görüntülü. Vücutta BLI sinyal göstermiyor Fare doğru enjekte edilmiştir. Sinyal lokalize ise kalp hücrelerinin doğru enjekte değildi. </li></ol> 3. BLI görüntüleme metastaz izlemek için <ol><li> Görüntüleme servis IVIS Spektrum ve QuantumFX microCT sistemi hem de veri yakalamak için fare destekler. </li><li> Mekik hayvan görüntüleme için aynı pozisyonda tutmanıza yardımcı olur ve co-kayıt otomatik yardım fiducial sinyaller içermektedir. Odasına anestezi korumak için isofluorance buharlaştırıcı bağlı. </li><li> Yaşayan Image yazılımı 4.1 Görüntüleme sihirbazı otomatik pozlama süresi, f-stop ve binning seçin ve nicel veri toplama sağlamak için kullanılabilir. </li><li> Çoklu görüntüleri elde ve deney doğa bağlı olarak saniye veya ay kapsayan boylamsal çalışmalar mukayese edilebilir. </li><li> Gün 6 post enjeksiyon hücre, BLI görüntüleme IVIS Spectrum dokuz fareler yedi kemik metastazı gösterir. </li></ol> 4. Mikro BT kullanarak osteolitik lezyonlar Boyuna izlenmesi <ol><li> Kuantum FX mikro CT sistemi BLI kullanılarak görülebilir net kemik metastazları gösterdi Fare görüntülenmiştir. </li><li> Kuantum FX mikro BT sistemi preklinik çalışmalarda gerçek boyuna mikro BT yetecek kadar düşük bir X-ray dozunda yüksek kaliteli görüntüler sunar. </li><li> Kemik bozulması her iki bacak boyuna bir dakikadan daha kısa bir süre içinde bu sistemi kullanarak izlenebilir. </li><li> Fareler izofluran 3% ile anestezi ve IVIS Spectrum sistemi doğrudan transfer edilebilir. </li><li> İki 60mm görüntüleri tüm hayvan görünümü yakalamak için birleştirilir. </li><li> 30mm FOV görüntüleme yüksek çözünürlüklü diz eklemi için idealdir. </li><li> Kemik metastazı ölçmek ve ölçmek için yeterince yüksek çözünürlükte tek bir tarama sadece 18 saniye sürer ve tek 13mGy bir doz sağlar. </li><li> Fare tümör büyüme ya da hayvan sağlığını etkileyen mikro BT sistemi ile 36 gün içinde 8 kez görüntülenmiştir. </li><li> Mikro BT görüntüleme kemik leisions 10. Gün görünür ve BLI sinyal artışa karşılık, çok hızlı bir şekilde ilerledi gösterdi. </li></ol> 5. BLI ve UCT 3D co-kayıt ve analiz <ol><li> Görüntüleri 3 boyutlu bir yeniden yapılanma içine ortak tescil edilebilir IVIS spektrumu ve Kuantum FX mikro BT sistem veri ele geçirildi. </li><li> MicroCT görüntüler DICOM dosyaları olarak ihraç ve Yaşam Resim 4.1 3D multi modalite aracı yüklenir. </li><li> Yaşayan Görüntü Yazılımı optik sinyal yeniden üç boyutlu DLIT programı çalıştırın. </li><li> Fiducial yazılım aracı, mikro BT görüntüsü optik BLI sinyali co-kayıt için kullanılır. </li><li> Coregistered veri setleri burada, kemik osteolitik lezyon gelişimi ile birlikte, metastatik tümör büyümesini izleme hastalığın ilerlemesi sırasında birden fazla parametre izlemek için kantitatif analiz edilebilir. </li> &lt;/ Ol&gt;

<ol>
	<li>Jenkins, D. E., Hornig, Y. S., Oei, Y., Dusich, J., Purchio, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bioluminescent+Human+Breast+Cancer+Cell+Lines+that+Permit+Rapid+and+Sensitive+in+vivo+Detection+of+Mammary+Tumors+and+Multiple+Metastases+in+Immune+Deficient+Mice.">Bioluminescent Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines that Permit Rapid and Sensitive in vivo Detection of Mammary Tumors and Multiple Metastases in Immune Deficient Mice.</a> Breast Cancer Research. 7, R444-R454 (2005).</li><li>Cowey, S., Szafran, A. A., Kappes, J., Zinn, K. R., Siegal, G. P., Desmond, R. A., Kim, H., Evans, L., Hardy, R. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Breast+Cancer+Metastasis+to+Bone:+Evaluation+of+Bioluminescent+Imaging+and+MicroSPECT/CT+for+Detecting+Bone+Metastasis+in+Immunodeficient+Mice.">Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone: Evaluation of Bioluminescent Imaging and MicroSPECT/CT for Detecting Bone Metastasis in Immunodeficient Mice.</a> Clinical and Experimental Metastasis. 24, 389-401 (2007).</li><li>Labrinidis, A., Hay, S., Liapis, V., Ponomarev, V., Findlay, D. M., Evdokiou, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Zoledronic+Acid+Inhibits+Both+the+Osteolytic+and+Osteoblastic+Components+of+Osteosarcoma+Lesions+in+a+Mouse+Model.">Zoledronic Acid Inhibits Both the Osteolytic and Osteoblastic Components of Osteosarcoma Lesions in a Mouse Model.</a> Clinical Cancer Research. 15, (2009).</li><li>Kaijzel, E. L., Pluijm, G. v. a. n. d. e. r., Lowik, C. W. G. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Whole-Body+Optical+Imaging+in+Animal+Models+to+Assess+Cancer+Development+and+Progression.">Whole-Body Optical Imaging in Animal Models to Assess Cancer Development and Progression.</a> Clinical Cancer Research. 13, 3490-3497 (2007).</li><li>Minn, A. J., Kang, Y., Serganova, I., Gupta, G. P., Giri, D. D., Doubrovin, M., Ponomarev, V., Gerald, W. L., Blasberg, R., Massague, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Distinct+Organ-Specific+Metastatic+Potential+of+Individual+Breast+Cancer+Cells+and+Primary+Tumors.">Distinct Organ-Specific Metastatic Potential of Individual Breast Cancer Cells and Primary Tumors.</a> The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 115, (2005).</li><li>Xu, H., Christensen, A., Kuo, C., Nilson, D., Lim, E., Whalen, J., Kim, J. B., Zhang, N., Singh, R., Oldfield, S., Troy, T., Rice, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Co-registration+of+in+vivo+Optical+Tomography+and+Micro-CT+for+Longitudinal+Studies.">Co-registration of in vivo Optical Tomography and Micro-CT for Longitudinal Studies.</a> Word Molecular Imaging Congress. , (2010).</li></ol>

Yazarlar bu makalede yer alet kaliper Yaşam Bilimleri çalışanları.

MicroCT Küçük hayvan görüntüleme gibi tümör gelişimi (. Labrinidis ve ark, 2009 Cowey ve ark 2007) gibi patolojik koşullar altında izleme osteolitik lezyonlar tatbik edilmiştir. Lusiferaz etiketli tümörlerin biyoparlaklık görüntüleme yaygın olarak ön-klinik olarak kabul edildiği gibi, biyoparlaklık ve microCT görüntüleri co-kayıt biyoparlaklık sinyalleri (Kaijzel ve ark 2007) anatomik konumu daha iyi bir tanımı. Lusiferaz etiketli bir meme tümörü hücre hattı MDA-MB-231-luc-D3H2LN Önceki çalışmada kalp içi enjeksiyonu takiben kemik ve osteolitik lezyonların gelişimi metastaz gösterdi (Jenkins ve ark 2005; Minn ve ark, 2005). Bu çalışmada, sistemik MDA-MB-231-luc-D3H2LN metastaz modeli ile combinatory optik ve düşük radyasyon dozu microCT görüntüleme ile tümörün metastaz ve osteolitik aktivite uzunlamasına bir çalışmada araştırdı. Biz IVIS Spectrum ve Kuantum FX microCT sistemleri ve elde biyoparlaklık ve CT ile birlikte yeni geliştirilen Oturma Image 4.1 yazılımı (Heng ve ark, 2010) kaydı ile sıralı görüntüleme yapıldı. IVIS ile Biyoparlaklık görüntüleme tümörler erken aşamada tespit edilmesini sağlayarak, yüksek hassasiyet ile tümör hücrelerinin non-invaziv algılanmasını sağlar. Kuantum FX ile görüntüleme, kemik lezyonları ve detaylı anatomik bilgi doğru 3 boyutlu rekonstrüksiyon sağlar. Kuantum döviz sistemi, hastalığın ilerlemesi boyuna izlenmesini sağlar düşük radyasyon dozu görüntüleme sunar. Kemik lezyonları ve tümör metastazı arasındaki korelasyon eş kayıtlı görüntü tasvir edildi ve lezyon gelişimi multimodalite izleme avantajı boyuna açıkça göstermiştir.

monitoring tumor metastases and osteolytic lesions with bioluminescence and micro ct imaging

Nu / Nu fareler MDA-MB-231-luc-D3H2LN hücrelerinin sonra intrakardiyak teslimat, enjekte edilen hayvanların geliştirilen sistemik metastaz. Biyoparlaklık görüntüleme IVIS Spektrum ile dağıtım ve tümör sinyal ve yerini ölçmek için DLIT yeniden inşası da dahil olmak üzere dağıtım prosedürü izleyerek tümör hücrelerinin gelişimini izlemek için istihdam edilmiştir. Metastatik lezyonlar kemik dokulara Geliştirme tibia osteolitik aktivite ve lezyonlar tetikler ve femur mikro BT kullanarak boyuna değerlendirildi. Görüntüleme, hızlı görüntüleme ve düşük X-ray dozu ile bir Kuantum FX mikro BT sistemi kullanılarak yapıldı. Düşük radyasyon dozu, çoklu görüntüleme oturumları çok LD50 altında kümülatif bir X-ışını doz ile yapılacak sağlar. Bir fare görüntüleme servis cihazı görüntü sırayla IVIS Spectrum ve Kuantum FX ile fareler biyoparlaklık ve BT görüntüleri hem de doğru hayvan konumlandırma elde kullanılmıştır. Yaşayan Image 4.1 yazılımı kullanarak optik ve BT veri setleri 3-Boyutları, eş-tescil edilmiştir. Bu multi-mode yaklaşım, yakın izleme osteolitik faaliyet ile eş zamanlı olarak tümör büyüme ve gelişme sağlar.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Monitoring Tumor Metastases and Osteolytic Lesions with Bioluminescence and Micro CT Imaging at JoVE.com

Monitoring Tumor Metastases and Osteolytic Lesions with Bioluminescence and Micro CT Imaging

Kemik metastazı deneysel bir fare modeli lusiferaz meme tümör hücreleri ifade intrakardiyak teslim edildikten sonra kurulmuştur. Biyoparlaklık ve mikro BT görüntüleme ile tümör gelişimi ve osteolitik lezyon sonuçlandı boyuna takip edildi.

Biyoparlaklık ve Micro CT Görüntüleme Tümör Metastazlari ve osteolitik Lezyonlar İzleme

Following intracardiac delivery of MDA-MB-231-luc-D3H2LN cells to Nu/Nu mice, systemic metastases developed in the injected animals. Bioluminescence ...

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Video: Monitoring Tumor Metastases and Osteolytic Lesions with Bioluminescence and Micro CT Imaging

In vivo Bioluminescence Imaging of Tumor Hypoxia Dynamics of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis in a Mouse Model

It is well recognized that tumor hypoxia plays an important role in promoting malignant progression and affecting therapeutic response negatively. There is little knowledge about in situ, in vivo, tumor hypoxia during intracranial development of malignant brain tumors because of lack of efficient means to monitor it in these deep-seated orthotopic tumors. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI), based on the detection of light emitted by living cells expressing a luciferase gene, has been rapidly adopted for cancer research, in particular, to evaluate tumor growth or tumor size changes in response to treatment in preclinical animal studies. Moreover, by expressing a reporter gene under the control of a promoter sequence, the specific gene expression can be monitored non-invasively by BLI. Under hypoxic stress, signaling responses are mediated mainly via the hypoxia inducible factor-1&alpha; (HIF-1&alpha;) to drive transcription of various genes. Therefore, we have used a HIF-1&alpha; reporter construct, 5HRE-ODD-luc, stably transfected into human breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells (MDA-MB231/5HRE-ODD-luc). In vitro HIF-1&alpha; bioluminescence assay is performed by incubating the transfected cells in a hypoxic chamber (0.1% O2) for 24 hr before BLI, while the cells in normoxia (21% O2) serve as a control. Significantly higher photon flux observed for the cells under hypoxia suggests an increased HIF-1&alpha; binding to its promoter (HRE elements), as compared to those in normoxia. Cells are injected directly into the mouse brain to establish a breast cancer brain metastasis model. In vivo bioluminescence imaging of tumor hypoxia dynamics is initiated 2 wks after implantation and repeated once a week. BLI reveals increasing light signals from the brain as the tumor progresses, indicating increased intracranial tumor hypoxia. Histological and immunohistochemical studies are used to confirm the in vivo imaging results. Here, we will introduce approaches of in vitro HIF-1&alpha; bioluminescence assay, surgical establishment of a breast cancer brain metastasis in a nude mouse and application of in vivo bioluminescence imaging to monitor intracranial tumor hypoxia.

In vivo Bioluminescence Imaging of Tumor Hypoxia Dynamics of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis in a Mouse Model

Bioluminescence imaging of hypoxia inducible factor-1&alpha; activity is applied to monitor intracranial tumor hypoxia development in a breast cancer brain metastasis mouse model.

Meme Kanseri Beyin metastaz tümör Hipoksi Dynamics in vivo Biyoparlaklık Görüntüleme Fare Modeli

It is well recognized that tumor hypoxia plays an important role in promoting malignant progression and affecting therapeutic response negatively. There ...

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Osmotic Drug Delivery to Ischemic Hindlimbs and Perfusion of Vasculature with Microfil for Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging

Preclinical research in animal models of peripheral arterial disease plays a vital role in testing the efficacy of therapeutic agents designed to stimulate microcirculation. The choice of delivery method for these agents is important because the route of administration profoundly affects the bioactivity and efficacy of these agents1,2. In this article, we demonstrate how to locally administer a substance in ischemic hindlimbs by using a catheterized osmotic pump. This pump can deliver a fixed volume of aqueous solution continuously for an allotted period of time. We also present our mouse model of unilateral hindlimb ischemia induced by ligation of the common femoral artery proximal to the origin of profunda femoris and epigastrica arteries in the left hindlimb. Lastly, we describe the in vivo cannulation and ligation of the infrarenal abdominal aorta and perfusion of the hindlimb vasculature with Microfil, a silicone radiopaque casting agent. Microfil can perfuse and fill the entire vascular bed (arterial and venous), and because we have ligated the major vascular conduit for exit, the agent can be retained in the vasculature for future ex vivo imaging with the use of small specimen micro-CT3.

We show here the in vivo insertion of an osmotic pump for constant local drug delivery and the creation of hindlimb ischemia in a mouse model. Moreover, the hindlimb vasculature is perfused with Microfil, a silicone radiopaque agent, to prepare for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging.

Mikro-Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Görüntüleme için Microfil ile İskemik arka ayaklarında ve damarları bir Perfüzyon için osmotik İlaç Taşıyıcı

Preclinical research in animal models of peripheral arterial disease plays a vital role in testing the efficacy of therapeutic agents designed to ...

Bioluminescence Imaging of an Immunocompetent Animal Model for Glioblastoma

In contrast to commonly reported human glioma xenograft animal models, GL261 murine glioma xenografts recapitulate nearly all relevant clinical and histopathologic features of the human disease. When GL261 cells are implanted intracranially in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice, the model has the added advantage of maintaining an intact immune microenvironment. Stable expression of luciferase in GL261 cells allows non-invasive cost effective bioluminescence monitoring of intracranial tumor growth. We have recently demonstrated that luciferase expression in GL261 cells does not affect the tumor growth properties, tumor cell immunomodulatory cytokine expression, infiltration of immune cells into the tumor, or overall survival of animals bearing the intracranial tumor. Therefore, it appears that the GL261 luciferase glioma model can be useful in the study of novel chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic modalities. Here we report the technique for generating stable luciferase expression in GL261 cells and how to study the in vitro and in vivo growth of the tumor cells by bioluminescence imaging.

GL261 glioma cells provide a useful immunocompetent animal model of glioblastoma. The goals of this protocol are to demonstrate proper techniques for monitoring intracranial tumor growth using in vivo bioluminescence imaging, and to verify the utility of luciferase-modified GL261 cells for studying tumor immunology and immunotherapeutic approaches for treating glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma&#39;nın için bir Immünkompetan Hayvan Modeli Biyoparlaklık Görüntüleme

In contrast to commonly reported human glioma xenograft animal models, GL261 murine glioma xenografts recapitulate nearly all relevant clinical and ...

Bioluminescence-Based Tumor Quantification Method for Monitoring Tumor Progression and Treatment Effects in Mouse Lymphoma Models

Although bioluminescence imaging (BLI) shows promise for monitoring tumor burden in animal models of cancer, these analyses remain mostly qualitative. Here we describe a method for bioluminescence imaging to obtain a semi-quantitative analysis of tumor burden and treatment response. This method is based on the calculation of a luminoscore, a value that allows comparisons of two animals from the same or different experiments. Current BLI instruments enable the calculation of this luminoscore, which relies mainly on the acquisition conditions (back and front acquisitions) and the drawing of the region of interest (manual markup around the mouse). Using two previously described mouse lymphoma models based on cell engraftment, we show that the luminoscore method can serve as a noninvasive way to verify successful tumor cell inoculation, monitor tumor burden, and evaluate the effects of in situ cancer treatment (CpG-DNA). Finally, we show that this method suits different experimental designs. We suggest that this method be used for early estimates of treatment response in preclinical small-animal studies.

Bioluminescence imaging is a well-known tool for localizing tumors and metastases, but quantification of these images often requires complex calculations and particular instruments. We describe the easy-to-use luminoscore method, based on precise acquisition conditions, requiring no calculations, and enabling tumor burden and treatment response to be monitored in mouse models.

Fare Lenfoma Modellerinde İzleme Tümör ilerleme ve Tedavi Etkileri Biyoparlaklık Tabanlı Tümör Niceleme Yöntemi

Although bioluminescence imaging (BLI) shows promise for monitoring tumor burden in animal models of cancer, these analyses remain mostly qualitative. ...

Combined Near-infrared Fluorescent Imaging and Micro-computed Tomography for Directly Visualizing Cerebral Thromboemboli

Direct thrombus imaging visualizes the root cause of thromboembolic infarction. Being able to image thrombus directly allows far better investigation of stroke than relying on indirect measurements, and will be a potent and robust vascular research tool. We use an optical imaging approach that labels thrombi with a molecular imaging thrombus marker&#160;&#8212; a Cy5.5 near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probe that is covalently linked to the fibrin strands of the thrombus by the fibrin-crosslinking enzymatic action of activated coagulation factor XIIIa during the process of clot maturation. A micro-computed tomography (microCT)-based approach uses thrombus-seeking gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized to target the major component of the clot: fibrin. This paper describes a detailed protocol for the combined in vivo microCT and ex vivo NIRF imaging of thromboemboli in a mouse model of embolic stroke. We show that in vivo microCT and fibrin-targeted glycol-chitosan AuNPs (fib-GC-AuNPs) can be used for visualizing both in situ thrombi and cerebral embolic thrombi. We also describe the use of in vivo microCT-based direct thrombus imaging to serially monitor the therapeutic effects of tissue plasminogen activator-mediated thrombolysis. After the last imaging session, we demonstrate by ex vivo NIRF imaging the extent and the distribution of residual thromboemboli in the brain. Finally, we describe quantitative image analyses of microCT and NIRF imaging data. The combined technique of direct thrombus imaging allows two independent methods of thrombus visualization to be compared: the area of thrombus-related fluorescent signal on ex vivo NIRF imaging vs. the volume of hyperdense microCT thrombi in vivo.

This protocol describes the application of combined near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging and micro-computed tomography (microCT) for visualizing cerebral thromboemboli. This technique allows the quantification of thrombus burden and evolution. The NIRF imaging technique visualizes fluorescently labeled thrombus in excised brain, while the microCT technique visualizes thrombus inside living animals using gold-nanoparticles.

Doğrudan Serebral emboli görselleştirme için Kombine Yakın kızılötesi Floresan Görüntüleme ve Mikro bilgisayarlı Tomografi

Direct thrombus imaging visualizes the root cause of thromboembolic infarction. Being able to image thrombus directly allows far better investigation of ...

Determining Glucose Metabolism Kinetics Using 18F-FDG Micro-PET/CT

This paper describes the use of 18F-FDG and micro-PET/CT imaging to determine in vivo glucose metabolism kinetics in mice (and is transferable to rats). Impaired uptake and metabolism of glucose in multiple organ systems due to insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. The ability of this technique to extract an image-derived input function from the vena cava using an iterative deconvolution method eliminates the requirement of the collection of arterial blood samples. Fitting of tissue and vena cava time activity curves to a two-tissue, three compartment model permits the estimation of kinetic micro-parameters related to the 18F-FDG uptake from the plasma to the intracellular space, the rate of transport from intracellular space to plasma and the rate of 18F-FDG phosphorylation. This methodology allows for multiple measures of glucose uptake and metabolism kinetics in the context of longitudinal studies and also provides insights into the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.

Determining Glucose Metabolism Kinetics Using 18F-FDG Micro-PET/CT

This study describes a protocol that uses 18F-FDG and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, together with kinetic modelling, to quantify the in vivo, real-time uptake of 18F-FDG into tissues.

Kullanımı Glukoz Metabolizma Kinetiği Belirlenmesi<sup&gt; 18</sup&gt; F-FDG Mikro PET / BT

This paper describes the use of 18F-FDG and micro-PET/CT imaging to determine in vivo glucose metabolism kinetics in mice (and is transferable to rats). ...

Induction and Micro-CT Imaging of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in Mouse Model

Mutations in the CCM1 (aka KRIT1), CCM2, or CCM3 (aka PDCD10) gene cause cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) in humans. Mouse models of CCM disease have been established by tamoxifen induced deletion of Ccm genes in postnatal animals. These mouse models provide invaluable tools to investigate molecular mechanism and therapeutic approaches for CCM disease. An accurate and quantitative method to assess lesion burden and progression is essential to harness the full value of these animal models. Here, we demonstrate the induction of CCM disease in a mouse model and the use of the contrast enhanced X-ray micro computed tomography (micro-CT) method to measure CCM lesion burden in mouse brains. At postnatal day 1 (P1), we used 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4HT) to activate Cre recombinase activity from the Cdh5-CreErt2 transgene to cleave the floxed allele of Ccm2. CCM lesions in mouse brains were analyzed at P8. For micro-CT, iodine based Lugol&#39;s solution was used to enhance contrast in brain tissue. We have optimized the scan parameters and utilized a voxel dimension of 9.5 &#181;m, which lead to a minimum feature size of approximately 25 &#181;m. This resolution is sufficient to measure CCM lesion volume and number globally and accurately, and provide high-quality 3-D mapping of CCM lesions in mouse brains. This method enhances the value of the established mouse models to study the molecular basis and potential therapies for CCM and other cerebrovascular diseases.

This protocol demonstrates the induction of cerebral cavernous malformation disease in a mouse model and uses contrast enhanced micro computed tomography to measure lesion burden. This method enhances the value of established mouse models to study the molecular basis and potential therapies for cerebral cavernous malformation and other cerebrovascular diseases.

İndüksiyon ve fare modeli serebral derin malformasyon mikro-CT görüntüleme

Mutations in the CCM1 (aka KRIT1), CCM2, or CCM3 (aka PDCD10) gene cause cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) in humans. Mouse models of CCM disease have ...

Quantitative Micro-CT Analysis of Aortopathy in a Mouse Model of &#946;-aminopropionitrile-induced Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection

Aortic aneurysm and dissection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the population and can be highly lethal. While animal models of aortic disease exist, in vivo imaging of the vasculature has been limited. In recent years, micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT) has emerged as a preferred modality for imaging both large and small vessels both in vivo and ex vivo. In conjunction with a method of vascular casting, we have successfully used micro-CT to characterize the frequency and distribution of aortic pathology in &#946;-aminopropionitrile-treated C57/Bl6 mice. Technical limitations of this method include variations in the quality of the perfusion introduced by poor animal preparation, the application of proper methodologies for vessel size quantification, and the non-survivability of this procedure. This article details a methodology for the intravascular perfusion of a lead-based radiopaque silicone rubber for the quantitative characterization of aortopathy in a mouse model of aneurysm and dissection. In addition to visualizing aortic pathology, this method may be used for examining other vascular beds in vivo or vascular beds removed post-mortem.

Quantitative Micro-CT Analysis of Aortopathy in a Mouse Model of &amp;#946;-aminopropionitrile-induced Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection

This article describes a detailed methodology of using a radiopaque lead-based silicone rubber to perfuse the murine vasculature for aortic diameter quantification in a mouse model of aortic aneurysm and dissection.

Aortopathy aort anevrizması β-aminopropionitrile-indüklenen ve diseksiyon, fare modeli nicel mikro-CT Analizi

Aortic aneurysm and dissection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the population and can be highly lethal. While animal models of ...

Dual Bioluminescence Imaging of Tumor Progression and Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis, as a crucial process of tumor progression, has become a research hotspot and target of anti-tumor therapy. However, there is no reliable model for tracing tumor progression and angiogenesis simultaneously in a visual and sensitive manner. Bioluminescence imaging displays its unique superiority in living imaging due to its advantages of high sensitivity, strong specificity, and accurate measurement. Presented here is a protocol to establish a tumor-bearing mouse model by injecting a Renilla luciferase-labeled murine breast cancer cell line 4T1 into the transgenic mouse with angiogenesis-induced Firefly luciferase expression. This mouse model provides a valuable tool to simultaneously monitor tumor progression and angiogenesis in real-time by dual bioluminescence imaging in a single mouse. This model may be widely applied in anti-tumor drug screening and oncology research.

This protocol describes the establishment of a tumor-bearing mouse model to monitor tumor progression and angiogenesis in real-time by dual bioluminescence imaging.

Tümör Ilerlemesi ve anjiyogenezinin çift Bioluminescence görüntülenmesi

Angiogenesis, as a crucial process of tumor progression, has become a research hotspot and target of anti-tumor therapy. However, there is no reliable ...

Evaluation of Capnography Sampling Line Compatibility and Accuracy when Used with a Portable Capnography Monitor

Capnography is commonly used to monitor patient&#8217;s ventilatory status. While sidestream capnography has been shown to provide a reliable assessment of end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2), its accuracy is commonly validated using commercial kits composed of a capnography monitor and its matching disposable nasal cannula sampling lines. The purpose of this study was to assess the compatibility and accuracy of cross-paired capnography sampling lines with a single portable bedside capnography monitor. A series of 4 bench tests were performed to evaluate the tensile strength, rise time, ETCO2 accuracy as a function of respiratory rate, and ETCO2 accuracy in the presence of supplemental O2. Each bench test was performed using specialized, validated equipment to allow for a full evaluation of sampling line performance. The 4 bench tests successfully differentiated between sampling lines from different commercial sources and suggested that due to increased rise time and decreased ETCO2 accuracy, not all nasal cannula sampling lines provide reliable clinical data when cross-paired with a commercial capnography monitor. Care should be taken to ensure that any cross-pairing of capnography monitors and disposable sampling lines is fully validated for use across respiratory rates and supplemental O2 flow rates commonly encountered in clinical settings.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of capnography sampling lines used in conjunction with a portable bedside capnography monitor. Sampling lines from 7 manufacturers were evaluated for tensile strength, rise time, and ETCO2 accuracy as a function of respiratory rate or supplemental oxygen flow rate.

Taşınabilir Kapnografi Monitörü ile Kullanıldığında Kapnografi Örnekleme Hattı Uyumluluğunun ve Doğruluğunun Değerlendirilmesi

Capnography is commonly used to monitor patient&#8217;s ventilatory status. While sidestream capnography has been shown to provide a reliable assessment ...