<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50401">Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta Using the Ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model</a>
Stefanie Grafm&uuml;ller1,2,3, Pius Manser2, Harald F. Krug2, Peter Wick2, Ursula von Mandach1
1Department of Obstetrics, Perinatal Pharmacology, University Hospital Zurich, 2Laboratory for Materials - Biology Interactions, EMPA Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, 3Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern
The ex vivo dual recirculating human placental perfusion model can be used to investigate the transfer of xenobiotics and nanoparticles across the human placenta. In this video protocol we describe the equipment and techniques required for a successful execution of a placenta perfusion.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50429">Generation of Human Cardiomyocytes: a Differentiation Protocol from Feeder-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells</a>
Elisa Di Pasquale1,2, Belle Song1, Gianluigi Condorelli1
1Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Italy, 2Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR)
Pluripotent stem cells, either embryonic or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, constitute a valuable source of human differentiated cells, including cardiomyocytes. Here, we will focus on cardiac induction of iPS cells, showing how to use them to obtain functional human cardiomyocytes through an embryoid bodies-based protocol.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/2608">Shallow Water (Paddling) Variants of Water Maze Tests in Mice</a>
Robert M.J. Deacon
<a href="https://www.jove.com/institutions/EU-europe/GB-united-kingdom/15302-university-of-oxford">Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford</a>
Mice can swim, but many strains appear to find this activity stressful. To overcome this problem mazes have been devised where escape from shallow water is used to motivate behaviour. These have been demonstrated to support learning at least as good as the traditional and widely used Morris water maze.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4369">Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds</a>
Lisbeth Van Ruijssevelt, Geert De Groof, Anne Van der Kant, Colline Poirier, Johan Van Audekerke, Marleen Verhoye, Annemie Van der Linden
<a href="https://www.jove.com/institutions/EU-europe/BE-belgium/25399-university-of-antwerp">Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp</a>
This article shows an optimized procedure for imaging of the neural substrates of auditory stimulation in the songbird brain using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). It describes the preparation of the sound stimuli, the positioning of the subject and the acquisition and subsequent analysis of the fMRI data.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4375">Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues</a>
Marcus Cheetham, Lutz Jancke
Department of Neuropsychology, University of Zurich
Investigation of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis and affective experience requires an understanding of the hypothesis' dimension of human likeness (DHL). This protocol allows representation of the DHL and examination of categorical perception. Use of the same stimuli and fMRI to distinguish brain regions responsive to physical and category change is illustrated.Investigation of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis and affective experience requires an understanding of the hypothesis' dimension of human likeness (DHL). This protocol allows representation of the DHL and examination of categorical perception. Use of the same stimuli and fMRI to distinguish brain regions responsive to physical and category change is illustrated.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50212">How to Detect Amygdala Activity with Magnetoencephalography using Source Imaging</a>
Nicholas L. Balderston1, Douglas H. Schultz1, Sylvain Baillet2,3, Fred J. Helmstetter1,3
1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3<a href="https://www.jove.com/institutions/NA-north-america/US-united-states/WI-wisconsin/6800-medical-college-of-wisconsin">Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin</a>
This article describes how to record amygdala activity with magnetoencephalography (MEG). In addition this article will describe how to conduct trace fear conditioning without awareness, a task that activates the amygdala. It will cover 3 topics: 1) Designing a trace conditioning paradigm using backward masking to manipulate awareness. 2) Recording brain activity during the task using magnetoencephalography. 3) Using source imaging to recover signal from subcortical structures.

No conflicts of interest declared.

june 2013: this month in jove

Here's a look at what's coming up in the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/76/june-2013">June 2013 issue</a> of JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.
Since JoVE first launched in 2006, we have periodically expanded our scope-adding sections devoted to <a href="http://www.jove.com/neuro">Neuroscience</a>, <a href="http://www.jove.com/i2">Immunology &amp; Infection</a>, <a href="http://www.jove.com/ctm">Clinical &amp; Translational Medicine</a>, <a href="http://www.jove.com/bioengineering">Bioengineering</a>, <a href="http://www.jove.com/ap">Applied Physics</a>, and <a href="http://www.jove.com/chem">Chemistry</a>.
We are now pleased to introduce <a href="http://www.jove.com/behavior">JoVE Behavior</a>, which explores the science behind various behavioral aspects of humans and animals. These include addiction, learning &amp; memory, social interaction, and emotion.
One article in this new section addresses a phenomenon where things become more likeable if they look more like humans. For example, this robotic vacuum cleaner is less appealing than these beloved robots. However, when they are almost (but not quite) humanlike, robots suddenly become repulsive before becoming likeable again. This sudden drop is the focus of the "Uncanny Valley Hypothesis," which <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/4375">Cheetham and Jancke</a> examine by generating a continuum of images morphing from human faces to avatars (graphical representations). Then, using volunteers to judge which images represent humans or avatars, they define category boundaries and use neuroimaging to identify brain regions sensitive to category change.
Another article in JoVE Behavior features magnetoencephalography, or MEG, which can record brain activation in real time. Combining this technique with high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/50212">Balderston, et al.</a> model the sources of the MEG signal to show neural activation in regions of interest in the brain during learning tasks.
In behavioral neuroscience, human learning and speech can be modeled with birdsong. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/4369">Ruijssevelt, et al.</a> present a method for performing blood-oxygen-level-dependent fMRI (BOLD fMRI) on zebra finches. Although fMRI is especially challenging in these tiny animals, this method allows successful imaging of neural substrates of auditory stimuli in the zebra finch brain.
A lot of behavioral research is done in rats using the <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/897">Morris water maze</a>, in which the rat must find an escape platform in a pool of water. However, unlike the classic "sewer rat," mice evolved in dry areas and aren't always spectacular swimmers like rats. Therefore, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/2608">Deacon</a> uses the Oxford paddling pool, which has shallow water and is less stressful than the classic water maze. It also has the escape hatch on the side of the pool, which is a more natural escape route. The paddling pool model can be adapted to other behavioral testing setups, such the Y-maze. These shallow-water tests can provide more ideal systems for testing learning and memory in mice.
By now, you're probably behaving very excitedly about our new <a href="http://www.jove.com/behavior">Behavior</a> section! But don't forget the <a href="http://www.jove.com/general">other subjects</a> covered in JoVE. In one video article, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/50429">Di Pisquale, et al.</a> make embryoid bodies from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and use them as a source of cardiomyocytes that express cardiac-specific markers.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/bioengineering">JoVE Bioengineering</a>, we focus on the placenta, which is the interface between a developing fetus and the mother. The placenta separates the fetal and maternal circulation systems, but some drugs and chemicals can cross this barrier. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/50401">Grafm&uuml;ller, et al.</a> demonstrate a method for studying the transport of compounds in an actual placenta using an ex vivo perfusion model.
You've just had a preview of a few highlights for the month of <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/76/june-2013">June</a>. Visit the website to see the full-length articles, plus many more, in <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about June 2013: This Month in JoVE at JoVE.com

June 2013: This Month in JoVE

Here are some highlights from the June 2013 Issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

Here's a look at what's coming up in the June 2013 issue of JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.
Since JoVE first launched in 2006, we have ...

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