Yazarlar ince Film teknolojisi bölümü, enstrüman Teknoloji Araştırma Merkezi (ITRC) ve ulusal uygulamalı araştırma laboratuvarları, Hsinchu bilim Parkı, Tayvan teşekkür ederiz. Bu eser Ulusal Bilim Konseyi tarafından desteklenmiştir (Hayır verin. ÇOĞU 105-0210-01-13-01) ve Academia Sinica.

<ol>
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S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+Convergent+Synthesis+of+Bi-,+Tri-,+and+Tetra-Antennary+Complex+Type+N-Glycans+and+Their+HIV-1+Antigenicity.">Efficient Convergent Synthesis of Bi-, Tri-, and Tetra-Antennary Complex Type N-Glycans and Their HIV-1 Antigenicity.</a> J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 15382-15391 (2013).</li><li>Shivatare, S. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modular+synthesis+of+N-Glycans+and+Arrays+for+the+Hetero-Ligand+Binding+Analysis+of+HIV+Antibodies.">Modular synthesis of N-Glycans and Arrays for the Hetero-Ligand Binding Analysis of HIV Antibodies.</a> Nat Chem. 8, 338-346 (2016).</li><li>McLellan, J. 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R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long+Antibody+HCDR3s+from+HIV-Native+Donors+Presented+on+a+PG9+Neutralizing+Antibody+Background+Mediate+HIV+Neutralization.">Long Antibody HCDR3s from HIV-Native Donors Presented on a PG9 Neutralizing Antibody Background Mediate HIV Neutralization.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 113, 4446-4451 (2016).</li><li>JoVE Science Education Database. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Essentials+of+Organic+Chemistry.+Performing+1D+Thin+Layer+Chromatography.">Essentials of Organic Chemistry. Performing 1D Thin Layer Chromatography.</a> JoVE. , (2017).</li><li>de Castro, M. 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Yazarlar ifşa gerek yok.

HIV-1 bNAbs PG9, PG16 ve PGTs 128, 141-145 dahil olmak üzere bir sınıf olduğunu bildirdi HIV-1 yalıtır dolaşan % 70-80 nötralize son derece güçlü olmak. Bu bNAbs epitopları tüm HIV-1 Grup M türevleri arasında son derece korunmuş, bu nedenle nötralize antikorlar23,24,25 temin bir HIV aşısı için etkili immunogen Tasarım Kılavuzu . HIV-1 geniş antikorları nötralize glycan epitopları tanımlamak için bizi...

N- glukanlardir glikoproteinlerin üzerinde kovalent asparagine için fikir birliği Asn-Xxx-Ser/Thr sequon kalıntısı (Asn) protein uyum, antigenicity, çözünürlük ve lektin tanıma gibi birçok biyolojik süreçlerin etkileyen bağlıdır 1 , 2. kimyasal sentez n-bağlantılı oligosakkaritler temsil eden önemli bir sentetik sorun onların büyük yapısal mikro heterojenite ve çok dallı mimarisi nedeniyle. Reaktivite yapı taşları, anomerik merkezleri ve organizatörü doğru kullanımı seçicilik ulaşmak ayarlamak için koruma dikkatli seçimi gruplar / activator(s) karmaşık oligosakkaritler sentezi temel unsurlarıdır. Karmaşıklık bu sorunu çözmek için N- glycan sentezi ilerlemek için iş büyük bir miktar bildirildi son zamanlarda3,4. Sağlam bu yaklaşımlardan rağmen büyük bir meydan (~ 20.000) kalıntıları N- glukanlardir geniş bir hazırlanması için etkili bir yöntem bulmak.
Geniş genetik çeşitlilik ve antikor yanıtı, nötralize kaçmak için onun yetenek elde etmek için HIV-1 hızlı mutasyon oranı olduğunu HIV-15,6 karşı güvenli ve profilaktik aşı geliştirmek için en büyük sorunları arasında , 7. konak immün yanıt önlemek için HIV kullanır bir etkili bir taktik olduğunu zarf glikoprotein gp120 farklı Nile post-translational glikozilasyon-bağlı ana bilgisayar glikozilasyon makine8, elde edilen glukanlardir 9. Rekombinant monomeric HIV-1 gp120 glikozilasyon insan embriyonik böbrek (HEK) 293T hücrelerden kesin analizi ile ilgili son bir rapor karakteristik hücre özel desen10 ile yapısal microheterogeneity oluşumunu göstermektedir , 11 , 12. bu nedenle, N- glycan yapıları analiz için yeterli bir miktar HIV-1 bNAbs glycan özelliklerine gerektirir iyi karakterize gp120 anlayış ile ilgili.
Glycan Mikroarray teknoloji keşfi karbonhidrat bağlanıcı proteinler, virüs/bakteriyel adhesins, toksinler, antikorlar ve lectines13,14 çeşitli bir yelpazede özelliklerine yüksek üretilen iş tabanlı keşif sağlanan . Sistematik glukanlardir düzenleme dizilmiş çip tabanlı biçimde sorunlu düşük benzeşme protein-glycan etkileşimleri ile multivalent tanıtımı15,16,17,18belirleyebilir. Bu çip tabanlı glycan düzenleme uygun etkili hücre-hücre arabirimleri taklit etmek için görünür. Teknoloji zenginleştirmek ve geleneksel dizi biçimleri ile ilişkili düzensiz sorunu aşmak için bizim grup son zamanlarda bir glycan dizi phosphonic asit sona erdi glukanlardir sinyal yoğunluğu artırmak için kullanarak bir alüminyum oksit kaplı cam (ACG) slayt üzerinde geliştirilen, homojenliği ve duyarlılık19,20.
Glycan epitopları yeni izole HIV-1 geniş antikorları (bNAbs) nötralize hakkında şimdiki anlayış geliştirmek için biz Ngeniş bir dizi hazırlanması için son derece verimli bir modüler strateji geliştirdik-bağlı glukanlardir21 ,bir ACG yazdırılacak22 (bkz. şekil 1) kaydırın. Özgüllük hetero-glycan bağlama davranışı son derece güçlü bNAb HIV izole PG9 sıradışı tespiti bireyler23,24,25enfekte HIV-1 bNAbs bir ACG dizisinde profil oluşturma çalışmaları sundu.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Acetic acid</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>64197</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Acetonitrile</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>75058</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Acetic anhydride</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>108247</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anhydrous magnesium sulfate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>7487889</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Boron trifluoride ethyl etherate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>109637</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bovine serum albumin</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>9048468</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bio-Gel P2 polyacrylamide</td><td>Bio-Rad</td><td>1504118</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bis(cyclopentadienyl)hafnium(IV) dichloride</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>12116664</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>&amp;beta;-1, 4 Galactosyl transferases from bovine milk</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>48279</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BioDot Cartesion technology with robotic pin SMP3 (Stealth Micro Spotting Pins)</td><td>Arrayit</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cerium ammonium molybdate</td><td>TCI</td><td>C1794</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cerium ammonium nitrate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>16774213</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Clean glass slide&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Schott&amp;nbsp;</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cytidine-5&amp;prime;-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>3063716</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deuterated chloroform</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>865496</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Donkey Anti-Human IgG (Alexa Fluor647 conjugated</td><td>Jackson Immuno Research, USA</td><td>709605098</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dichloromethane</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>75092</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>38078090</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dimethylformamide</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>68122</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethyl acetate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>141786</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethylene glycol</td><td>Acros Organic</td><td>107211</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>FAST frame slide incubation chambers</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Guanosine 5&#039;-diphospho-b-L-fucose disodium salt&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>15839700</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lab tracer 2.0 software&amp;nbsp;</td><td></td><td></td><td>Section 4 of the Protocol</td></tr><tr><td>GenePix Pro 4300A reader (microarray image analysis)</td><td>moleculardevices</td><td></td><td>www.moleculardevices.com</td></tr><tr><td>GraphPad Prism Software (Image processing )</td><td>GraphPad Software, Inc</td><td></td><td>http://www.graphpad.com/guides/prism/6/user-guide/</td></tr><tr><td>Lithium hydroxide</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>1310652</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Manganese chloride</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>7773015</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Methanol</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>67561</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>N-butanol</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>71363</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oxalic acid</td><td>Acros Organic</td><td>144627</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Palladium hydroxide</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>12135227</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Phosphate Buffered Saline</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific&amp;nbsp;</td><td>10010023</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pyridine</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>110861</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>P-Toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>773476</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Silver triflate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>2923286</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium bicarbonate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>144558</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium chloride</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>7647145</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium hydrogen carbonate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>144558</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium methoxide&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>124414</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium sulfate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>7757826</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Toluene&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>108883</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tris buffer&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Amresco</td><td>N/A</td><td>Ultra-pure grade</td></tr><tr><td>Tween-20</td><td>Amresco</td><td>9005645</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-galactose)</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>137868521</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

chemo-enzymatic synthesis of n-glycans for array development and hiv antibody profiling

Ngeniş bir hızlı hazırlanması için son derece verimli bir şekilde tanıtacağız-bağlı yaygın insan glikoproteinlerin üzerinde bulunan (20.000 yapıları aşmayı tahmini) oligosakkaritler. İstenilen yapısal çeşitlilik ulaşmak için strateji oligosaccharyl florür modülleri, onların kademeli α-seçici glycosylations 3-Ey ve 6-Ey ardından üç tür kemoterapi enzimatik sentezi ile başladı. olarak konumlandırır bir çok önemli β-mannoside bağlantı sahip ortak çekirdek trisaccharide mannoz kalıntısı. Biz daha fazla kovalent karışık dizi analizi ile bir HIV antikor hetero-ligand etkileşim için oluşturmak için bir alüminyum oksit kaplı cam (ACG) slayt yüzeyine N- glukanlardir bağlı. Özellikle, N- glycan (SCT bağlama davranışı bir yeni izole HIV-1 geniş nötralize antikor (bNAb), PG9, yakından aralıklı adam5GlcNAc2 karışımı (adam5) ve 2,6-di-sialylated BI antennary kompleks yazın ) ACG dizi etkili immunogen tasarım HIV aşı geliştirme için rehberlik için yeni bir cadde açar. Buna ek olarak, bizim ACG dizi diğer HIV antikor hetero-ligand bağlayıcı davranış için eğitim için güçlü bir araç içerir.

N -glukanlardir geniş bir dizi sentezi için modüler bir kemoterapi enzimatik strateji şekil 1' de sunulmuştur. Çeşitlilik-ebilmek var olmak mahluk başında 3-Ey ve/veya 6-Ey α-özel mannosylation ardından üç önemli modüller kemoterapi enzimatik sentezi tarafından gerçeğine dayanarak stratejidir ortak mannoz kalıntısı konumunu N- glukanlardir trisaccharide çekirdek. İki, üç ve tetra antennary karmaþ?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling at JoVE.com

Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling

N- glukanlardir bağlantı için bir alüminyum oksit kaplı cam sentezi için modüler bir yaklaşım olarak geliştirilen glycan Mikroarray ve geniş antikor nötralize bir HIV profil oluşturma için kullanımı gösterilmiştir (ACG slayt) kaydırın.

N- glukanlardir dizi geliştirme ve HIV antikor için kemoterapi enzimatik sentezi profil oluşturma

We present a highly efficient way for the rapid preparation of a wide range of N-linked oligosaccharides (estimated to exceed 20,000 structures) that are ...

chemo-enzymatic-synthesis-n-glycans-for-array-development-hiv

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling

8.6K Görüntüleme.  Academia Sinica. N- glukanlardir bağlantı için bir alüminyum oksit kaplı cam sentezi için modüler bir yaklaşım olarak geliştirilen glycan Mikroarray ve geniş antikor nötralize bir HIV profil oluşturma için kullanımı gösterilmiştir (ACG slayt) kaydırın.

Video: Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of N-glycans for Array Development and HIV Antibody Profiling

Profiling Anti-Neu5Gc IgG in Human Sera with a Sialoglycan Microarray Assay

Cells are covered with a cloak of carbohydrate chains (glycans) that is commonly altered in cancer and that includes variations in sialic acid (Sia) expression. These are acidic sugars that have a 9-carbon backbone and that cap vertebrate glycans on cell surfaces. Two of the major Sia forms in mammals are N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and its hydroxylated form, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc). Humans cannot produce endogenous Neu5Gc due to the inactivation of the gene encoding cytidine 5&#39;monophosphate-Neu5Ac (CMP-Neu5Ac) hydroxylase (CMAH). Foreign Neu5Gc is acquired by human cells through the dietary consumption of red meat and dairy and subsequently appears on diverse glycans on the cell surface, accumulating mostly on carcinomas. Consequently, humans have circulating anti-Neu5Gc antibodies that play diverse roles in cancer and other chronic inflammation-mediated diseases and that are becoming potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Here, we describe a high-throughput sialoglycan microarray assay to assess such anti-Neu5Gc antibodies in the human sera. Neu5Gc-containing glycans and their matched pairs of controls (Neu5Ac-containing glycans), each with a core primary amine, are covalently linked to epoxy-coated glass slides. We exemplify the printing of 56 slides in a 16-well format using a specific nano-printer capable of generating up to 896 arrays per print. Each slide can be used to screen 16 different human sera samples for the evaluation of anti-Neu5Gc antibody specificity, intensity, and diversity. The protocol describes the complexity of this robust tool and provides a basic guideline for those aiming to investigate the response to Neu5Gc dietary carbohydrate antigen in diverse clinical samples in an array format.

A sialoglycan microarray assay can be used to evaluate anti-Neu5Gc antibodies in human sera, making it a potential high-throughput diagnostic assay for cancer and other chronic inflammation-mediated human diseases.

Anti-Neu5Gc IgG&#39;yi İnsan Sera&#39;sında Sialoglikan Mikroarray Testi ile Görüntüleme

Cells are covered with a cloak of carbohydrate chains (glycans) that is commonly altered in cancer and that includes variations in sialic acid (Sia) ...

Davranış

A Miniaturized Glycan Microarray Assay for Assessing Avidity and Specificity of Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinins

Influenza A virus (IAV) hemagglutinins recognize sialic acids on the cell surface as functional receptors to gain entry into cells. Wild waterfowl are the natural reservoir for IAV, but IAV can cross the species barrier to poultry, swine, horses and humans. Avian viruses recognize sialic acid attached to a penultimate galactose by a &#945;2-3 linkage (avian-type receptors) whereas human viruses preferentially recognize sialic acid with a &#945;2-6 linkage (human-type receptors). To monitor if avian viruses are adapting to human type receptors, several methods can be used. Glycan microarrays with diverse libraries of synthetic sialosides are increasingly used to evaluate receptor specificity. However, this technique is not used for measuring avidities. Measurement of avidity is typically achieved by evaluating the binding of serially diluted hemagglutinin or virus to glycans adsorbed to conventional polypropylene 96-well plates. In this assay, glycans with &#945;2-3 or &#945;2-6 sialic acids are coupled to biotin and adsorbed to streptavidin plates, or are coupled to polyacrylamide (PAA) which directly adsorb to the plastic. We have significantly miniaturized this assay by directly printing PAA-linked sialosides and their non PAA-linked counterparts on micro-well glass slides. This set-up, with 48 arrays on a single slide, enables simultaneous assays of 6 glycan binding proteins at 8 dilutions, interrogating 6 different glycans, including two non-sialylated controls. This is equivalent to 18x 96-well plates in the traditional plate assay. The glycan array format decreases consumption of compounds and biologicals and thus greatly enhances efficiency.

Using a printed glycan microarray strategy, a conventional 96-well plate assay was miniaturized for analysis of influenza A virus hemagglutinin avidity and specificity for sialic acid containing receptors.

Influenza A Virüsü hemaglutininler aviditesi ve özgünlüğünün değerlendirilmesi için Minyatür Glycan Mikroarray Testi

Influenza A virus (IAV) hemagglutinins recognize sialic acids on the cell surface as functional receptors to gain entry into cells. Wild waterfowl are the ...

İmmünoloji ve Enfeksiyon

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Kolorektal Kanser Dokularının Glikomikler Kılavuzluğunda Glikoproteomik Kullanılarak Profillenmesi

Glycomics-Guided Glycoproteomics Facilitates Comprehensive Profiling of the Glycoproteome in Complex Tumor Microenvironments

Glycosylation is a common and structurally diverse protein modification that impacts a wide range of tumorigenic processes. Mass spectrometry-driven glycomics and glycoproteomics have emerged as powerful approaches to analyze liberated glycans and intact glycopeptides, respectively, offering a deeper understanding of the heterogeneous glycoproteome in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This protocol details the glycomics-guided glycoproteomics method, an integrated omics technology, which firstly employs porous graphitized carbon-LC-MS/MS-based glycomics to elucidate the glycan structures and their quantitative distribution in the glycome of tumor tissues, cell populations, or bodily fluids being investigated. This allows for a comparative glycomics analysis to identify altered glycosylation across patient groups, disease stages, or conditions, and, importantly, serves to enhance the downstream glycoproteomics analysis of the same sample(s) by creating a library of known glycan structures, thus reducing the data search time and the glycoprotein misidentification rate. Focusing on N-glycoproteome profiling, the sample preparation steps for the glycomics-guided glycoproteomics method are detailed in this protocol, and key aspects of the data collection and analysis are discussed. The glycomics-guided glycoproteomics method provides quantitative information on the glycoproteins present in the TME and their glycosylation sites, site occupancy, and site-specific glycan structures. Representative results are presented from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissues from colorectal cancer patients, demonstrating that the method is sensitive and compatible with tissue sections commonly found in biobanks. Glycomics-guided glycoproteomics, therefore, offers a comprehensive view into the heterogeneity and dynamics of the glycoproteome in complex TMEs, generating robust biochemical data required to better understand the glycobiology of cancers.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Glikomik kılavuzluğunda glikoproteomikler, karmaşık tümör mikro ortamlarında glikoproteomun kapsamlı profilini kolaylaştırır

This protocol details the glycomics-guided glycoproteomics method, an integrated omics technology that offers comprehensive insights into the heterogeneous glycoproteome in complex tumor microenvironments required to better understand the glycobiology of cancers.

Glikomik kılavuzluğunda glikoproteomikler, karmaşık tümör mikro ortamlarında glikoproteomun kapsamlı profilini kolaylaştırır 

Glycosylation is a common and structurally diverse protein modification that impacts a wide range of tumorigenic processes. Mass spectrometry-driven ...

Kanser Araştırmaları

Purification and Analytics of a Monoclonal Antibody from Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using an Automated Microbioreactor System

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are one of the most popular and well-characterized biological products manufactured today. Most commonly produced using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, culture and process conditions must be optimized to maximize antibody titers and achieve target quality profiles. Typically, this optimization uses automated microscale bioreactors (15 mL) to screen multiple process conditions in parallel. Optimization criteria include culture performance and the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) product, which may impact its efficacy and safety. Culture performance metrics include cell growth and nutrient consumption, while the CQAs include the mAb's N-glycosylation and aggregation profiles, charge variants, and molecular weight. This detailed protocol describes how to purify and subsequently analyze HCCF samples produced by an automated microbioreactor system to gain valuable performance metrics and outputs. First, an automated protein A fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) method is used to purify the mAb from harvested cell culture samples. Once concentrated, the glycan profiles are analyzed by mass spectrometry using a specific platform (refer to the Table of Materials). Antibody molecular weights and aggregation profiles are determined using size exclusion chromatography-multiple angle light scattering (SEC-MALS), while charge variants are analyzed using microchip capillary zone electrophoresis (mCZE). In addition to the culture performance metrics captured during the bioreactor process (i.e., culture viability, cell counts, and common metabolites including glutamine, glucose, lactate, and ammonia), spent media is analyzed to identify limiting nutrients to improve the feeding strategies and overall process design. Therefore, a detailed protocol for the absolute quantification of amino acids by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) of spent media is also described. The methods used in this protocol take advantage of high-throughput platforms that are compatible for large numbers of small-volume samples.

A detailed protocol for the purification and subsequent analysis of a monoclonal antibody from harvested cell culture fluid (HCCF) of automated microbioreactors has been described. Use of analytics to determine critical quality attributes (CQAs) and maximizing limited sample volume to extract vital information is also presented.

Otomatik bir Mikrobioreactor sistemi kullanılarak Çin hamster yumurtlama hücrelerinden bir monoklonal antikor arıtma ve analitik

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are one of the most popular and well-characterized biological products manufactured today. Most commonly produced using ...

Biyomühendislik

Printed Glycan Array: A Sensitive Technique for the Analysis of the Repertoire of Circulating Anti-carbohydrate Antibodies in Small Animals

The repertoire of circulating anti-carbohydrate antibodies of a given individual is often associated with its immunological status. Not only the individual immune condition determines the success in combating internal and external potential threat signals, but also the existence of a particular pattern of circulating anti-glycan antibodies (and their serological level variation) could be a significant marker of the onset and progression of certain pathological conditions. Here, we describe a Printed Glycan Array (PGA)-based methodology that offers the opportunity to measure hundreds of glycan targets with very high sensitivity; using a minimal amount of sample, which is a common restriction present when small animals (rats, mice, hamster, etc.) are used as models to address aspects of human diseases. As a representative example of this approach, we show the results obtained from the analysis of the repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies in BALB/c mice. We demonstrate that each BALB/c mouse involved in the study, despite being genetically identical and maintained under the same conditions, develops a particular pattern of natural anti-carbohydrate antibodies. This work claims to expand the use of PGA technology to investigate repertoire (specificities) and the levels of circulating anti-carbohydrates antibodies, both in health and during any pathological condition.

This work shows the potential of printed glycan array (PGA) technology for the analysis of circulating anti-carbohydrate antibodies in small animals.

Basılı Glycan dizi: Anti-karbonhidrat antikorlar küçük hayvanlarda dolaşan repertuar analizi için hassas tekniği

The repertoire of circulating anti-carbohydrate antibodies of a given individual is often associated with its immunological status. Not only the ...

Chemically-blocked Antibody Microarray for Multiplexed High-throughput Profiling of Specific Protein Glycosylation in Complex Samples

In this study, we describe an effective protocol for use in a multiplexed high-throughput antibody microarray with glycan binding protein detection that allows for the glycosylation profiling of specific proteins. Glycosylation of proteins is the most prevalent post-translational modification found on proteins, and leads diversified modifications of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of proteins. Because the glycosylation machinery is particularly susceptible to disease progression and malignant transformation, aberrant glycosylation has been recognized as early detection biomarkers for cancer and other diseases. However, current methods to study protein glycosylation typically are too complicated or expensive for use in most normal laboratory or clinical settings and a more practical method to study protein glycosylation is needed. The new protocol described in this study makes use of a chemically blocked antibody microarray with glycan-binding protein (GBP) detection and significantly reduces the time, cost, and lab equipment requirements needed to study protein glycosylation. In this method, multiple immobilized glycoprotein-specific antibodies are printed directly onto the microarray slides and the N-glycans on the antibodies are blocked. The blocked, immobilized glycoprotein-specific antibodies are able to capture and isolate glycoproteins from a complex sample that is applied directly onto the microarray slides. Glycan detection then can be performed by the application of biotinylated lectins and other GBPs to the microarray slide, while binding levels can be determined using Dylight 549-Streptavidin. Through the use of an antibody panel and probing with multiple biotinylated lectins, this method allows for an effective glycosylation profile of the different proteins found in a given human or animal sample to be developed.
Introduction
Glycosylation of protein, which is the most ubiquitous post-translational modification on proteins, modifies the physical, chemical, and biological properties of a protein, and plays a fundamental role in various biological processes1-6. Because the glycosylation machinery is particularly susceptible to disease progression and malignant transformation, aberrant glycosylation has been recognized as early detection biomarkers for cancer and other diseases 7-12. In fact, most current cancer biomarkers, such as the L3 fraction of &alpha;-1 fetoprotein (AFP) for hepatocellular carcinoma 13-15, and CA199 for pancreatic cancer 16, 17 are all aberrant glycan moieties on glycoproteins. However, methods to study protein glycosylation have been complicated, and not suitable for routine laboratory and clinical settings. Chen et al. has recently invented a chemically blocked antibody microarray with a glycan-binding protein (GBP) detection method for high-throughput and multiplexed profile glycosylation of native glycoproteins in a complex sample 18. In this affinity based microarray method, multiple immobilized glycoprotein-specific antibodies capture and isolate glycoproteins from the complex mixture directly on the microarray slide, and the glycans on each individual captured protein are measured by GBPs. Because all normal antibodies contain N-glycans which could be recognized by most GBPs, the critical step of this method is to chemically block the glycans on the antibodies from binding to GBP. In the procedure, the cis-diol groups of the glycans on the antibodies were first oxidized to aldehyde groups by using NaIO4 in sodium acetate buffer avoiding light. The aldehyde groups were then conjugated to the hydrazide group of a cross-linker, 4-(4-N-MaleimidoPhenyl)butyric acid Hydrazide HCl (MPBH), followed by the conjugation of a dipeptide, Cys-Gly, to the maleimide group of the MPBH. Thus, the cis-diol groups on glycans of antibodies were converted into bulky none hydroxyl groups, which hindered the lectins and other GBPs bindings to the capture antibodies. This blocking procedure makes the GBPs and lectins bind only to the glycans of captured proteins. After this chemically blocking, serum samples were incubated with the antibody microarray, followed by the glycans detection by using different biotinylated lectins and GBPs, and visualized with Cy3-streptavidin. The parallel use of an antibody panel and multiple lectin probing provides discrete glycosylation profiles of multiple proteins in a given sample 18-20. This method has been used successfully in multiple different labs 1, 7, 13, 19-31. However, stability of MPBH and Cys-Gly, complicated and extended procedure in this method affect the reproducibility, effectiveness and efficiency of the method. In this new protocol, we replaced both MPBH and Cys-Gly with one much more stable reagent glutamic acid hydrazide (Glu-hydrazide), which significantly improved the reproducibility of the method, simplified and shorten the whole procedure so that the it can be completed within one working day. In this new protocol, we describe the detailed procedure of the protocol which can be readily adopted by normal labs for routine protein glycosylation study and techniques which are necessary to obtain reproducible and repeatable results.

In this study, we describe an improved protocol for a multiplexed high-throughput antibody microarray with lectin detection method that can be used in glycosylation profiling of specific proteins. This protocol features new reliable reagents and significantly reduces the time, cost, and lab equipment requirements as compared to the previous procedure.

Kompleks Örnekleri spesifik protein Glikozilasyon arasında Multiplexed Yüksek verim Profilleme için Kimyasal-bloke Antikor Mikroarray

 In this study, we describe an effective protocol for use in a multiplexed high-throughput antibody microarray with glycan binding protein detection that ...

Biyoloji

Tetrameric Fluorescent Antigen Arrays for Single-Step Identification of Antigen-Specific B Cells

Fluorescent antigen production is a critical step in the identification of antigen-specific B cells. Here, we detailed the preparation, purification, and the use of four-arm, fluorescent PEG-antigen conjugates to selectively identify antigen-specific B cells through avid engagement with cognate B cell receptors. Using modular click chemistry and commercially available fluorophore kit chemistries, we demonstrated the versatility of preparing customized fluorescent PEG-conjugates by creating distinct arrays for proteolipid protein (PLP139-151) and insulin, which are important autoantigens in murine models of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes, respectively. Assays were developed for each fluorescent conjugate in its respective disease model using flow cytometry. Antigen arrays were compared to monovalent autoantigen to quantify the benefit of multimerization onto PEG backbones. Finally, we illustrated the utility of this platform by isolating and assessing anti-insulin B cell responses after antigen stimulation ex vivo. Labeling insulin-specific B cells enabled the amplified detection of changes to co-stimulation (CD86) that were otherwise dampened in aggregate B cell analysis. Together, this report enables the production and use of fluorescent antigen arrays as a robust tool for probing B cell populations.

This protocol details the customizable production and use of fluorescent probes for labeling antigen-specific B cells.

Fluorescent antigen production is a critical step in the identification of antigen-specific B cells. Here, we detailed the preparation, purification, and ...

Engineering Antiviral Agents via Surface Plasmon Resonance

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is used to measure hemagglutinin (HA) binding to domain-swapped Cyanovirin-N (CV-N) dimer and to monitor interactions between mannosylated peptides and CV-N's high-affinity binding site. Virus envelope spikes gp120, HA, and Ebola glycoprotein (GP) 1,2 have been reported to bind both high- and low-affinity binding sites on dimeric CVN2. Dimannosylated HA peptide is also bound at the two low-affinity binding sites to an engineered molecule of CVN2, which is bearing a high-affinity site for the respective ligand and mutated to replace a stabilizing disulfide bond in the carbohydrate-binding pocket, thus confirming multivalent binding. HA binding is shown to one high-affinity binding site of pseudo-antibody CVN2 at a dissociation constant (KD) of 275 nM that further neutralizes human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through oligomerization. Correlating the number of disulfide bridges in domain-swapped CVN2, which are decreased from 4 to 2 by substituting cystines into polar residue pairs of glutamic acid and arginine, results in reduced binding affinity to HA. Among the strongest interactions, Ebola GP1,2 is bound by CVN2 with two high-affinity binding sites in the lower nanomolar range using the envelope glycan without a transmembrane domain. In the present study, binding of the multispecific monomeric CV-N to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) glycoprotein is measured at KD = 18.6 &#181;M as compared with nanomolar KD to those other virus spikes, and via its receptor-binding domain in the mid-&#181;-molar range.

Engineering Antiviral Agents via Surface Plasmon Resonance

The present protocol describes new tools for SPR binding assays to examine CV-N binding to HA, S glycoprotein, related hybrid-type glycans, and high-mannose oligosaccharides. SPR is used to determine the KD for binding either dimeric or monomeric CV-N to these glycans.

Yüzey Plazmon Rezonansı ile Antiviral Ajanların Mühendisliği

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is used to measure hemagglutinin (HA) binding to domain-swapped Cyanovirin-N (CV-N) dimer and to monitor interactions ...

N- glukanlardir dizi geliştirme ve HIV antikor için kemoterapi enzimatik sentezi profil oluşturma

Özet

Daha Fazla Video Keşfet

Bu videodaki bölümler

Anti-Neu5Gc IgG'yi İnsan Sera'sında Sialoglikan Mikroarray Testi ile Görüntüleme

Influenza A Virüsü hemaglutininler aviditesi ve özgünlüğünün değerlendirilmesi için Minyatür Glycan Mikroarray Testi

Glikomik kılavuzluğunda glikoproteomikler, karmaşık tümör mikro ortamlarında glikoproteomun kapsamlı profilini kolaylaştırır

Glikomik kılavuzluğunda glikoproteomikler, karmaşık tümör mikro ortamlarında glikoproteomun kapsamlı profilini kolaylaştırır

Glikomik kılavuzluğunda glikoproteomikler, karmaşık tümör mikro ortamlarında glikoproteomun kapsamlı profilini kolaylaştırır

Otomatik bir Mikrobioreactor sistemi kullanılarak Çin hamster yumurtlama hücrelerinden bir monoklonal antikor arıtma ve analitik

Basılı Glycan dizi: Anti-karbonhidrat antikorlar küçük hayvanlarda dolaşan repertuar analizi için hassas tekniği

Kompleks Örnekleri spesifik protein Glikozilasyon arasında Multiplexed Yüksek verim Profilleme için Kimyasal-bloke Antikor Mikroarray

Tetrameric Fluorescent Antigen Arrays for Single-Step Identification of Antigen-Specific B Cells

Yüzey Plazmon Rezonansı ile Antiviral Ajanların Mühendisliği