Name: use of rotorod as a method for the qualitative analysis of walking in rat
Uploaded: 2008-12-10T00:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of Rotorod as a Method for the Qualitative Analysis of Walking in Rat at JoVE.com

由加拿大卫生研究院，加拿大中风网络，和阿尔伯塔省文物基金会的医学研究机构的拨款支持。

Rotorod步行仪 rotorod是一个旋转的圆柱体，直径4厘米，高出地面35厘米，由透明有机玻璃封闭固定。 rotorod缸覆盖质感的橡胶涂层，这有利于牵引。仪器的地板所用的泡沫层，以防止伤害动物下跌时。小型电动马达提供的电源打开通过橡胶带rotorod。 rotorod是轮换一次，每5秒录像和运动学一个高速的数码摄像机，用于拍摄动物，使用了1000秒?...

<ol>
	<li>Chang, J. W., Wachtel, S. R., Young, D., Kang, U. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biochemical+and+anatomical+characterization+of+forepaw+adjusting+steps+in+rat+models+of+Parkinson's+disease:+studies+on+medial+forebrain+bundle+and+striatal+lesions.">Biochemical and anatomical characterization of forepaw adjusting steps in rat models of Parkinson's disease: studies on medial forebrain bundle and striatal lesions.</a> Neuroscience. 88, 617-628 (1999).</li><li>Metz, G. A., Tse, A., Ballermann, M., Smith, L. K., Fouad, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+unilateral+6-OHDA+rat+model+of+Parkinson's+disease+revisited:+an+electromyographic+and+behavioural+analysis.">The unilateral 6-OHDA rat model of Parkinson's disease revisited: an electromyographic and behavioural analysis.</a> Eur J Neurosci. 22, 735-744 (2005).</li><li>Miklyaeva, E. I., Castaneda, E., Whishaw, I. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skilled+reaching+deficits+in+unilateral+dopamine-depleted+rats:+impairments+in+movement+and+posture+and+compensatory+adjustments.">Skilled reaching deficits in unilateral dopamine-depleted rats: impairments in movement and posture and compensatory adjustments.</a> J Neurosci. 14, 7148-7158 (1994).</li><li>Miklyaeva, E. I., Martens, D. J., Whishaw, I. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impairments+and+compensatory+adjustments+in+spontaneous+movement+after+unilateral+dopamine+depletion+in+rats.">Impairments and compensatory adjustments in spontaneous movement after unilateral dopamine depletion in rats.</a> Brain Res. 68, 23-40 (1995).</li><li>Morrissey, T. K., Pellis, S. M., Pellis, V. C., Teitelbaum, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Seemingly+paradoxical+jumping+in+cataleptic+haloperidol-treated+rats+is+triggered+by+postural+instability.">Seemingly paradoxical jumping in cataleptic haloperidol-treated rats is triggered by postural instability.</a> Behav Brain Res. 35, 195-207 (1989).</li><li>Muir, G. D., Whishaw, I. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complete+locomotor+recovery+following+corticospinal+tract+lesions:+measurement+of+ground+reaction+forces+during+overground+locomotion+in+rats.">Complete locomotor recovery following corticospinal tract lesions: measurement of ground reaction forces during overground locomotion in rats.</a> Behav Brain Res. 103, 45-53 (1999).</li><li>Muir, G. D., Whishaw, I. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ground+reaction+forces+in+locomoting+hemiparkinsonian+rats:+a+definitive+test+for+impairments+and+compensations.">Ground reaction forces in locomoting hemiparkinsonian rats: a definitive test for impairments and compensations.</a> Exp Brain Res. 126, 307-314 (1999).</li><li>M, O. l. s. s. o. n., Nikkhah, G., Bentlage, C., Bjorklund, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Forelimb+akinesia+in+the+rat+Parkinson+model:+differential+effects+of+dopamine+agonists+and+nigral+transplants+as+assessed+by+a+new+stepping+test.">Forelimb akinesia in the rat Parkinson model: differential effects of dopamine agonists and nigral transplants as assessed by a new stepping test.</a> J Neurosci. 15, 3863-3875 (1995).</li><li>Schallert, T., DeRyck, M., Whishaw, I. Q., Ramirez, V. D., Teitelbaum, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Excessive+bracing+reactions+and+their+control+by+atropine+and+LDOPA+in+an+animal+analog+of+Parkinsonism.">Excessive bracing reactions and their control by atropine and LDOPA in an animal analog of Parkinsonism.</a> Exp Neurol. 64, 33-43 (1979).</li><li>Schallert, T., Norton, D., Jones, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+clinically+relevant+unilateral+rat+model+of+Parkinsonian+akinesia.">A clinically relevant unilateral rat model of Parkinsonian akinesia.</a> J Neural Transpl Plasticity. 3, 332-333 (1992).</li><li>Whishaw, I. Q., Gorny, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Arpeggio+and+fractionated+digit+movements+used+in+prehension+by+rats.">Arpeggio and fractionated digit movements used in prehension by rats.</a> Behav Brain Res. 60, 15-24 (1994).</li><li>Whishaw, I. Q., O'Connor, W. T., Dunnett, S. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+contributions+of+motor+cortex,+nigrostriatal+dopamine+and+caudate-putamen+to+skilled+forelimb+use+in+the+rat.">The contributions of motor cortex, nigrostriatal dopamine and caudate-putamen to skilled forelimb use in the rat.</a> Brain. 109, 805-843 (1986).</li><li>Whishaw, I. Q., Pellis, S. M., Gorny, B., Kolb, B., Tetzlaff, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Proximal+and+distal+impairments+in+rat+forelimb+use+in+reaching+follow+unilateral+pyramidal+tract+lesions.">Proximal and distal impairments in rat forelimb use in reaching follow unilateral pyramidal tract lesions.</a> Behav Brain Res. 56, 59-76 (1993).</li><li>Whishaw, I. Q., Woodward, N. C., Miklyaeva, E., Pellis, S. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+limb+use+by+control+rats+and+unilateral+DA-depleted+rats+in+the+Montoya+staircase+test:+movements,+impairments+and+compensatory+strategies.">Analysis of limb use by control rats and unilateral DA-depleted rats in the Montoya staircase test: movements, impairments and compensatory strategies.</a> Behav Brain Res. 89, 167-177 (1997).</li></ol>

本研究的目的是研究是否可以用于定性检查的姿势，前肢加强和后肢踩着在中枢神经系统损伤大鼠rotorod灭鼠运动技能测试。单方面DA枯竭和对照组大鼠进行了分析，录制的视频前，外侧和后侧的意见。一个姿势和前肢动作的评定量表表明，加强运动，手术后长期受损。肢体运动的研究表明，而DA耗尽的老鼠可以使用支持病变对侧肢体，他们收到的转移重量极少使用。这项研究的结果表明rotorod任务，除了提供定量?...

A correction was made to: <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/1030/">Use of Rotorod as a Method for the Qualitative Analysis of Walking in Rat</a>. An additional paragraph was added to the discussion, the abstract was modified, and another reference was included.
Additional reference:
15. Whishaw IQ, Li K, Whishaw PA, Gorny B, Metz GA. Distinct forelimb and hind limb stepping impairments in unilateral dopamine-depleted rats: use of the rotorod as a method for the qualitative analysis of skilled walking. J Neurosci Meth 126, 13-23 (2003).
Revised Abstract:
High speed videoanalysis of the details of movement can provide a source of information about qualitative aspects of walking movements. When walking on a rotorod, animals remain in approximately the same place making repetitive movements of stepping. Thus the task provides a rich source of information on the details of foot stepping movements. Subjects were hemi-Parkinson analogue rats, produced by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the right nigrostriatal bundle to deplete nigrostriatal dopamine (DA). The present report provides a video analysis illustration of animals previously were filmed from frontal, lateral, and posterior views as they walked (15). Rating scales and frame-by-frame replay of the video records of stepping behavior indicated that the hemi-Parkinson rats were chronically impaired in posture and limb use contralateral to the DA-depletion. The contralateral limbs participated less in initiating and sustaining propulsion than the ipsilateral limbs. These deficits secondary to unilateral DA-depletion show that the rotorod provides a use task for the analysis of stepping movements.
Additional Discussion Paragraph:
A more detailed presentation of the present study has been made (Whishaw et al, 2003), but the present study presents the video support describing the stepping movement in the good and affected limbs of unilateral dopamine-depleted rats. For the analysis, rats with unilateral DA depletions and control rats were video recorded from front, lateral and posterior views. A rating scale of posture and forelimb movements indicated that stepping movements were chronically impaired following surgery. Examination of limb movements indicated that whereas the DA-depleted rats could use the limbs contralateral to the lesion for support, they received minimal use for shifting weight. The results of this study indicate that the rotorod task, in addition to providing quantitative measures of motor impairments, can also provide insights into the qualitative impairments.
Original Abstract:
The rotorod test, in which animals walk on a rotating drum, is widely used to assess motor status in laboratory rodents. Performance is measured by the duration that an animal stays up on the drum as a function of drum speed. Here we report that the task provides a rich source of information about qualitative aspects of walking movements. Because movements are performed in a fixed location, they can readily be examined using high-speed video recording methods. The present study was undertaken to examine the potential of the rotorod to reveal qualitative changes in the walking movements of hemi-Parkinson analogue rats, produced by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the right nigrostriatal bundle to deplete nigrostriatal dopamine (DA). Beginning on the day following surgery and then periodically over the next two months, the rats were filmed from frontal, lateral, and posterior views as they walked on the rotorod. Behavior was analyzed by frame-by-frame replay of the video records. Rating scales of stepping behavior indicated that the hemi-Parkinson rats were chronically impaired in their posture and in the use of the limbs contralateral to the DA-depletion. The contralateral limbs not only displayed postural and movement abnormalities, they participated less in initiating and sustaining propulsion than did the ipsilateral limbs. These findings not only reveal new deficits secondary to unilateral DA-depletion, but also show that the rotorod can provide a robust tool for the qualitative analysis of movement.

A correction was made to: <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/1030/">Use of Rotorod as a Method for the Qualitative Analysis of Walking in Rat</a>. An additional paragraph was added to the discussion, the abstract was modified and another reference was included.

Erratum: Use of Rotorod as a Method for the Qualitative Analysis of Walking in Rat

use of rotorod as a method for the qualitative analysis of walking in rat

rotorod测试，在一个转鼓上行走的动物，被广泛用于评估在啮齿类实验动物的运动状态。性能测量的持续时间，动物保持鼓，转鼓转速的功能。在这里，我们报告的任务，提供了丰富的步行运动的定性方面的信息来源。因为运动是在一个固定的位置进行的，他们可以很容易地用高速视频记录方法研究。目前的研究进行了检查rotorod潜力揭示半帕金森模拟到右侧黑质纹状体束注射6 - 羟多巴胺（6 - OHDA）制作大鼠，步行运动的质的变化，消耗黑质纹状体多巴胺（DA ）。翌日，手术开始，然后定期在未来的两个月中，老鼠是从正面，横向，和后部的看法拍摄，因为他们走进rotorod。帧帧回放视频记录的行为进行了分析。加强行为评定量表表明，半帕金森大鼠长期在他们的姿势和使用的肢体对侧的DA消耗受损。不仅显示姿势和运动异常，对侧肢体，他们参加发起和持续推进比同侧肢体。这些研究结果不仅揭示继发单方面的DA消耗新的赤字，但也表明，rotorod可以提供一个强大的工具，对运动的定性分析。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of Rotorod as a Method for the Qualitative Analysis of Walking in Rat at JoVE.com

Use of Rotorod as a Method for the Qualitative Analysis of Walking in Rat

rotorod测试是用来评估半侧帕金森模拟大鼠的行走运动的电机状态。

走在大鼠作为定性分析方法使用Rotorod

High speed videoanalysis of the details of movement can provide a source of information about qualitative aspects of walking movements. When walking on a ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

焦磷酸测序：一个准确的基因分型的简单方法

Pharmacogenetic research benefits first-hand from the abundance of information provided by the completion of the Human Genome Project. With such a ...

科研

生物学

The Ladder Rung Walking Task: A Scoring System and its Practical Application.

梯级步行任务：一个评分系统，其实际应用。

Progress in the development of animal models for/stroke, spinal cord injury, and other neurodegenerative disease requires tests of high sensitivity to ...

Analysis of the Development of a Morphological Phenotype as a Function of Protein Concentration in Budding Yeast

在芽殖酵母中的蛋白浓度的功能形态学表型的发展分析

Gene deletion and protein overexpression are common methods for studying functions of proteins. In this article, we describe a protocol for analysis of ...

Microinjection of Medaka Embryos for use as a Model Genetic Organism

作为一个型号的遗传生物鳉胚胎显微注射

In this video, we demonstrate the technique of microinjection into one-cell stage medaka embryos. Medaka is a small egg-laying freshwater fish that allows ...

A Simple Method for Imaging Arabidopsis Leaves Using Perfluorodecalin as an Infiltrative Imaging Medium

A Simple Method for Imaging Arabidopsis Leaves Using Perfluorodecalin as an Infiltrative Imaging Medium

一个影像的简单方法拟南芥叶浸润成像介质中使用全氟萘烷

The problem of acquiring high-resolution images deep into biological samples is widely acknowledged1. In air-filled tissue such as the spongy mesophyll of ...

Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides

作为一种工具来隔离核糖体的束缚多肽SECM逮捕序列

Extensive research has provided ample evidences suggesting that protein folding in the cell is a co-translational process1-5. However, the exact pathway ...

The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology

恒化器中微生物系统生物学中的应用

Cells regulate their rate of growth in response to signals from the external world. As the cell grows, diverse cellular processes must be coordinated ...

Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Protein Homeostasis in a Multicellular Organism

Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Protein Homeostasis in a Multicellular Organism

The folding and assembly of proteins is essential for protein function, the long-term health of the cell, and longevity of the organism. Historically, the ...

A Hybrid DNA Extraction Method for the Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Bacterial Communities from Poultry Production Samples

一种混合DNA提取方法细菌群落的定性和定量评估，从家禽生产样品

The efficacy of DNA extraction protocols can be highly dependent upon both the type of sample being investigated and the types of downstream analyses ...

High-resolution Time-lapse Imaging and Automated Analysis of Microtubule Dynamics in Living Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

高分辨率成像定时，并在活体人脐静脉内皮细胞微管动力学自动分析

The physiological process by which new vasculature forms from existing vasculature requires specific signaling events that trigger morphological changes ...