Name: magnetic resonance spectroscopy of live drosophila melanogaster using magic angle spinning
Uploaded: 2010-04-15T16:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of live Drosophila melanogaster using Magic Angle Spinning at JoVE.com

This work was supported in part by a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant AI063433 to Laurence G. Rahme, a National Institute Institutes of Health (NIH) Center Grant (P50GM021700) to Ronald G. Tompkins (A. Aria Tzika, Director of the NMR core), and a Shriner's Hospital for Children research grant (#8893) to A. Aria Tzika. We thank Dionyssios Mintzopoulos Ph.D. for assistance in the initial phases of developing this protocol and Ovidiu C. Andronesi Ph.D. for assistance with the TOBSY pulse sequence.

Part 1: Preparing Drosophila for HRMAS Measurements
<ol>
<li>Using standard flylab procedures 1, collect newly eclosing flies for 3 days and transfer them to fly vials containing fresh fly food. Incubate the collected flies for 5 days so that the flies will become 5-8 days old just prior to the experiment. Only one sex (usually males) is used for experiments.</li>
<li>Use healthy, intact wild type flies to compare with treated e.g. traumatized or genetically altered flies 1.</li>
<li>...

<ol>
	<li>Apidianakis, Y., Rahme, L. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Drosophila+melanogaster+as+a+model+host+for+studying+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+infection.">Drosophila melanogaster as a model host for studying Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.</a> Nat Protoc. 4, 1285-1294 (2009).</li><li>Meiboom, S., Gill, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modified+spin-echo+method+for+measuring+nuclear+relaxation+time.">Modified spin-echo method for measuring nuclear relaxation time.</a> Rev Sci Instrum. 29, 688-691 (1958).</li><li>Andronesi, O. C., Mintzopoulos, D., Struppe, J., Black, P. M., Tzika, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Solid-state+NMR+adiabatic+TOBSY+sequences+provide+enhanced+sensitivity+for+multidimensional+high-resolution+magic-angle-spinning+1H+MR+spectroscopy.">Solid-state NMR adiabatic TOBSY sequences provide enhanced sensitivity for multidimensional high-resolution magic-angle-spinning 1H MR spectroscopy.</a> J Magn Reson. 193, 251-258 (2008).</li><li>Astrakas, L. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Proton+NMR+spectroscopy+shows+lipids+accumulate+in+skeletal+muscle+in+response+to+burn+trauma-induced+apoptosis.">Proton NMR spectroscopy shows lipids accumulate in skeletal muscle in response to burn trauma-induced apoptosis.</a> Faseb J. 19, 1431-1440 (2005).</li><li>Fan, T. W. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolite+profiling+by+one-+and+two+dimensional+NMR+analysis+of+complex+mixtures.">Metabolite profiling by one- and two dimensional NMR analysis of complex mixtures.</a> Prog Nuc Magn Reson Spec. 28, 161-219 (1996).</li><li>Null, B., Liu, C. W., Hedehus, M., Conolly, S., Davis, R. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-resolution,+in+vivo+magnetic+resonance+imaging+of+Drosophila+at+18.8+Tesla.">High-resolution, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of Drosophila at 18.8 Tesla.</a> PLoS One. 3, e2817-e2817 (2008).</li><li>Zektzer, A. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+signal+to+noise+in+high-resolution+magic+angle+spinning+total+correlation+spectroscopy+studies+of+prostate+tissues+using+rotor-synchronized+adiabatic+pulses.">Improved signal to noise in high-resolution magic angle spinning total correlation spectroscopy studies of prostate tissues using rotor-synchronized adiabatic pulses.</a> Magn Reson Med. 53, 41-48 (2005).</li></ol>

With the exception of the recent report of the feasibility of in vivo MRI in fruit flies 6, in vivo MRS studies in Drosophila have not yet been reported. In the present protocol, we describe the implementation of a novel in vivo HRMAS 1H-MRS approach for detecting biologically important molecules. Specifically, we detected lipids and small metabolites in live Drosophila flies at 14.1 T in approximately 45 min, which allows adequate acquisition time, while...

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">	
		
		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Deuterium oxide</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>7789-20-0</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>3-(trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>24493-21-8</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>agar, sucrose, yeast, cornmeal</td>
<td>Food</td>
<td>Genesee Scientific Corporation</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><a href="http://www.flystuff.com/">http://www.flystuff.com/</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oregon RS or Canton-S flies</td>
<td>Adult fly lines</td>
<td>Bloomington Stock Center</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><a href="http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu/">http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu/</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Paintbrush</td>
<td>Equipment</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>(size 0)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2ml tubes</td>
<td>Equipment</td>
<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
<td>K749521-1590</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Fly incubators</td>
<td>Equipment</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>high humidity capacity (60-75%), adjustable temperature, and a 12 h:12 h light: dark cycle.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bruker Bio-Spin Avance NMR spectrometer (600.13 MHz) 4mm triple resonance (1H, 13C, 2H) HRMAS probe </td>
<td>Equipment</td>
<td>Bruker Bio-Spin</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>BTO-2000 unit in combination with a MAS pneumatic unit</td>
<td>Equipment</td>
<td>Bruker Bio-Spin</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>4mm zirconium oxide rotor (capacity 50 ul)</td>
<td>Equipment</td>
<td>Bruker Bio-Spin</td>
<td>B3829 (Bruker store)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>MestReC (Mestrelab Research) </td>
<td>Software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>1D NMR spectra analysis <a href="http://mestrelab.com/">http://mestrelab.com/</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SPARKY 3, USCF</td>
<td>Software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>2D NMR spectra
analysis
 <a href="http://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/home/sparky/">http://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/home/sparky/</a></td>
</tr>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

magnetic resonance spectroscopy of live drosophila melanogaster using magic angle spinning

High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is a novel non-destructive technique that improves spectral line-widths and allows high-resolution spectra to be obtained from extracts, intact cells, cell cultures, and more importantly intact tissue to investigate relationships between metabolites and cellular processes. In vivo HRMAS 1H-MRS studies have yet to be reported in the live fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila, as a simpler genetic organism, allows the multiple biological functions and various evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways to be examined at the whole organism level and it is a useful model for investigating genetics and physiology. To this end, we developed and implemented an in vivo HRMAS 1H-MRS method to investigate live Drosophila at 14.1 T. Here, we outline an HRMAS 1H-MRS protocol for the molecular characterization of Drosophila with a conventional MR spectrometer equipped with an HRMAS probe. This technique is a novel, in vivo, non-destructive Drosophila metabolite measurement approach, which enables the identification of disease biomarkers and thus may contribute to novel therapeutic development.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of live Drosophila melanogaster using Magic Angle Spinning at JoVE.com

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of live Drosophila melanogaster using Magic Angle Spinning

This technique enables the use of high-resolution magic angle spinning proton MR spectroscopy (HRMAS 1H-MRS) for molecular characterization of live Drosophila melanogaster with a conventional 14.1 tesla spectrometer equipped with an HRMAS probe.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of live Drosophila melanogaster using Magic Angle Spinning

High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is a novel non-destructive technique that improves spectral ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Multiple-mouse Neuroanatomical Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The field of mouse phenotyping with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is rapidly growing, motivated by the need for improved tools for characterizing and ...

Optogenetic Stimulation of Escape Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

Optogenetic Stimulation of Escape Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

Optogenetic Stimulering av Escape Behavior i<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em

A  growing number of genetically encoded tools are becoming available that allow non-invasive  manipulation of the neural activity of specific neurons in ...

Determination of the Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in Drosophila melanogaster

Determination of the Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in Drosophila melanogaster

Fastsettelse av Spontan Locomotor aktivitet i<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em

Drosophila melanogaster has been used as an excellent model organism to study environmental and genetic manipulations that affect behavior. One such ...

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Measurement of Bi-hemispheric Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on Primary Motor Cortex Metabolism

Bruk av Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy som et verktøy for måling av Bi-hemisfærisk transkranial elektrostimulasjonen Effekter på Primær Motor Cortex Metabolism

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation technique that has been increasingly used over the past decade in the treatment of ...

Live Imaging of Drosophila Larval Neuroblasts

Live Imaging of Drosophila Larval Neuroblasts

Live-Imaging av<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larve neuroblasts

Stem cells divide asymmetrically to generate two progeny cells with unequal fate potential: a self-renewing stem cell and a differentiating cell. Given ...

Metabolomic Analysis of Rat Brain by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Tissue Extracts

Metabolomic Analyse av Rat Brain av High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spektroskopi av vevsekstrakter

Studies of gene expression on the RNA and protein levels have long been used to explore biological processes underlying disease. More recently, genomics ...

Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster

Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster

Forhold som påvirker sosiale rom i<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em

The social space assay described here can be used to quantify social interactions of Drosophila melanogaster &#8212; or other small insects &#8212; in a ...

High-resolution Quantification of Odor-guided Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster Using the Flywalk Paradigm

High-resolution Quantification of Odor-guided Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster Using the Flywalk Paradigm

Høyoppløselig Kvantifisering av Lukt styrt Atferd<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em&gt; Bruke<em&gt; Flywalk</em&gt; Paradigm

In their natural environment, insects such as the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster are bombarded with a huge amount of chemically distinct odorants. To ...

Foraging Path-length Protocol for Drosophila melanogaster Larvae

Foraging Path-length Protocol for Drosophila melanogaster Larvae

Foraging Sti lengde Protokoll for<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em&gt; Larver

The Drosophila melanogaster larval path-length phenotype is an established measure used to study the genetic and environmental contributions to behavioral ...

Metabolic Analysis of Drosophila melanogaster Larval and Adult Brains

Metabolic Analysis of Drosophila melanogaster Larval and Adult Brains

Metabolsk analyse av Drosophila melanogaster Larval og voksen hjerner

This protocol describes a method for measuring the metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster larval and adult brains. Quantifying metabolism in whole organs ...