Name: single sensillum recordings in the insects drosophila melanogaster and anopheles gambiae
Uploaded: 2010-02-17T14:25:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae at JoVE.com

1. Lukt spädningar <ol><li> De flesta odörer är lösliga i paraffinolja. Däremot kan DMSO och etanol även användas som alternativ lösningsmedel för vissa lukter. Förbereda lämpliga spädningar (t.ex. 1:10 volym: volym, v: v) från rena doftämnen i injektionsflaskor av glas. De flesta lukt spädningar är stabila vid rumstemperatur, men för mycket flyktiga ämnen är det bättre att göra arbetet spädningar på veckobasis. Varje sensillum svarar på olika dofter i olika koncentrationsintervall. För Dr...

<ol>
	<li>Boeckh, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Elektrophysiologische+Untersuchungen+an+einzelnen+Geruchsrezeptoren+auf+der+Antenne+des+TotengrAbers+(Necrophorus+Coleoptera).">Elektrophysiologische Untersuchungen an einzelnen Geruchsrezeptoren auf der Antenne des TotengrAbers (Necrophorus Coleoptera).</a> Z. Vergl. Physiol. 46, 212-248 (1962).</li><li>Schneider, D., Hecker, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Zur+Elektrophysiologic+der+Antenne+des+Seidenspinners+Bombyx+mori+bei+Reizung+mit+angereicherten+Extrakten+des+Sexuallockstoffes.">Zur Elektrophysiologic der Antenne des Seidenspinners Bombyx mori bei Reizung mit angereicherten Extrakten des Sexuallockstoffes.</a> Z. Naturforschg. 11b, 121-124 (1956).</li><li>Touhara, K., Vosshall, L. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sensing+odorants+and+pheromones+with+chemosensory+receptors.">Sensing odorants and pheromones with chemosensory receptors.</a> Annu Rev Physiol. 71, 307-332 (2009).</li><li>Sato, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Insect+olfactory+receptors+are+heteromeric+ligand-gated+ion+channels.">Insect olfactory receptors are heteromeric ligand-gated ion channels.</a> Nature. 452, 1002-1006 (2008).</li><li>Wicher, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Drosophila+odorant+receptors+are+both+ligand-gated+and+cyclic-nucleotide-activated+cation+channels.">Drosophila odorant receptors are both ligand-gated and cyclic-nucleotide-activated cation channels.</a> Nature. 452, 1007-1011 (2008).</li><li>Hallem, E. A., Ho, M. G., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+molecular+basis+of+odor+coding+in+the+Drosophila+antenna.">The molecular basis of odor coding in the Drosophila antenna.</a> Cell. 117, 965-979 (2004).</li><li>Hallem, E. A., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Coding+of+odors+by+a+receptor+repertoire.">Coding of odors by a receptor repertoire.</a> Cell. 125, 143-160 (2006).</li><li>Boeckh, J., Kaissling, K. E., Schneider, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Insect+olfactory+receptors.">Insect olfactory receptors.</a> Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 30, 263-280 (1965).</li><li>de Bruyne, M., Foster, K., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Odor+coding+in+the+Drosophila+antenna.">Odor coding in the Drosophila antenna.</a> Neuron. 30, 537-552 (2001).</li><li>Lu, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Odor+coding+in+the+maxillary+palp+of+the+malaria+vector+mosquito+Anopheles+gambiae.">Odor coding in the maxillary palp of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae.</a> Curr Biol. 17, 1533-1544 (2007).</li><li>Hallem, E. A., Fox, A. N., Zwiebel, L. J., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Olfaction:+mosquito+receptor+for+human-sweat+odorant.">Olfaction: mosquito receptor for human-sweat odorant.</a> Nature. 427, 212-213 (2004).</li><li>Couto, A., Alenius, M., Dickson, B. J. M. o. l. e. c. u. l. a. r. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=anatomical,+and+functional+organization+of+the+Drosophila+olfactory+system.">anatomical, and functional organization of the Drosophila olfactory system.</a> Curr. Biol. 15, 1535-1547 (2005).</li><li>Fishilevich, E., Vosshall, L. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+and+functional+subdivision+of+the+Drosophila+antennal+lobe.">Genetic and functional subdivision of the Drosophila antennal lobe.</a> Curr Biol. 15, 1548-1553 (2005).</li></ol>

Lukt signaler används av organismer för att identifiera födokällor, potentiella kompisar och rovdjur. Olfactory sensoriska neuron (OSN) är det första reläet centrum mellan yttre stimuli och högre centra i hjärnan där informationen bearbetas ytterligare. I Drosophila melanogaster och Anopheles gambiae, OSN är lättillgängliga och deras elektriska aktivitet kan övervakas samtidigt stimuleras av lukt puffar. Den enda sensillum inspelningen (SSR) teknik som beskriv...

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<td>Paraffin oil</td>
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<td>Fluka</td>
<td>76235</td>
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<td>High purity odors (&gt;98%)</td>
<td>Odors</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
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<td>Methyl acetate 
#296996 
1-octen-3-ol 
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<td>Filter paper strips</td>
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<td>Chromatography paper</td>
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<td>Air line plastic tubing</td>
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<td>Python Products</td>
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<td>Disposable borosilicate glass Pasteur pipettes</td>
<td>Odor Delivery</td>
<td>FisherBrand</td>
<td>13-678-20A</td>
<td>5-3/4 inches</td>
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<td>Programmable stimulus controller</td>
<td>Odor Delivery</td>
<td>Syntech</td>
<td>CS-55</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Anti-vibration table</td>
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<td>TMC</td>
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<td>Dissecting microscope</td>
<td>Electrophysiology Equipment</td>
<td>Nikon</td>
<td>EZ645</td>
<td>electrode sharpening/insect prep microscope</td>
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<td>Magnetic stands</td>
<td>Electrophysiology Equipment</td>
<td>Newport</td>
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<td>Crocodile clip</td>
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<td>2 electrode holders</td>
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<td>Microscope slide</td>
<td>Insect prep</td>
<td>FisherBrand</td>
<td>12-550A</td>
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<td>Cover glass</td>
<td>Insect prep</td>
<td>FisherBrand</td>
<td>12-541A</td>
<td>18X18 #1.5</td>
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<td>Polypropylene mesh</td>
<td>Insect prep</td>
<td>Small Parts inc.</td>
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<td>Glass electrode</td>
<td>Insect prep</td>
<td>Frederick Haer & Co.</td>
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<td>Double-sided tape (3M)</td>
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<td>3M</td>
<td>MMM6652P3436</td>
<td>Double-sided tape (3M)</td>
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single sensillum recordings in the insects drosophila melanogaster and anopheles gambiae

Luktsinnet är viktigt för insekter att hitta mat, kompisar, rovdjur och webbplatser äggläggning 3. Insect lukt sensoriska neuron (OSN) är inneslutna i sensoriska hårstrån som kallas sensilla, som täcker ytan av luktsinnet organ. Ytan på varje sensillum är täckt med små porer, genom vilka doftämnen passerar och lös i en vätska som kallas sensillum lymfa, som badar sensoriska dendriter av OSN inrymt i en given sensillum. Den OSN dendriter uttrycka luktreceptor (OR) proteiner, som i insekter fungera som lukt-jonkanaler 4, 5. Samspelet mellan odörer med yttersta randområdenas antingen ökar eller minskar den basala eldhastighet av OSN. Denna nervaktivitet i form av aktionspotentialen förkroppsligar den första representationen av kvalitet, intensitet och tidsmässiga egenskaper luktämnen 6, 7. Med tanke på den lätt tillgång till dessa sensoriska hårstrån, är det möjligt att utföra extracellulära inspelningar från enstaka OSN genom att införa en inspelning elektroden i sensillum lymfan, medan referensvärdet elektroden placeras i lymfan i ögat eller kroppen av insekter. I Drosophila, sensilla hus mellan en och fyra OSN, men varje OSN visar vanligtvis en karakteristisk spik amplitud. Spike sortering teknik gör det möjligt att tilldela tillsatta svar på enskilda OSN. Denna enda sensillum inspelning (SSR) teknik övervakar skillnaden i potential mellan sensillum lymfan och referenselektrod som elektrisk spikes som genereras av receptorn aktivitet på OSN 1, 2, 8. Förändringar i antalet spikar som svar på luktämnen representera cellulära grund av lukt kodning i insekter. Här beskriver vi förberedelserna metod som för närvarande används i vårt laboratorium för att utföra SSR på Drosophila melanogaster och Anopheles gambiae, och visa representativa spår orsakade av doftämnen i en sensillum-specifika sätt.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae at JoVE.com

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

Elektrofysiologiska svar luktsinnet sensoriska nervceller som doftämnen kan mätas på insekter använder en sensillum inspelningar. I den här videon artikel kommer vi att visa hur man utför enstaka sensillum inspelningar i antennerna av vinäger flyga (<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em&gt;) Och maxillary palps av malariamyggan (<em&gt; Anopheles gambiae</em&gt;).

Enstaka Sensillum Inspelningar i Insekter Drosophila melanogaster Och Anopheles gambiae</em

The sense of smell is essential for insects to find foods, mates, predators, and oviposition sites3. Insect olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) are enclosed ...

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Neuroscience

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

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Electrophysiological Recordings from the Giant Fiber Pathway of D. melanogaster

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When startled adult D. melanogaster react by jumping into the air and flying away. In many invertebrate species, including D. melanogaster, the "escape" ...

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Proprioception is the ability to sense the motion, or position, of body parts by responding to stimuli arising within the body. In fruitflies and other ...

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In this  article we describe how to individually label neurons in the embryonic CNS of Drosophila melanogaster by juxtacellular injection of the ...

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Drosophila melanogaster has been used as an excellent model organism to study environmental and genetic manipulations that affect behavior. One such ...

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Mating experiments using Drosophila have contributed greatly to the understanding of sexual selection and behavior. Experiments often require simple, easy ...

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The social space assay described here can be used to quantify social interactions of Drosophila melanogaster &#8212; or other small insects &#8212; in a ...

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En Beteende Analys för Mechanosensation av MARCM baserade Kloner i<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em

Because of the structural and functional homology to the hair cells of the mammalian inner ear, the neurons that innervate the Drosophila external sense ...

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Ett enkelt sätt att mäta förändringar i belöning sökande beteende genom<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em

We describe a protocol for measuring ethanol self-administration in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) as a proxy for changes in reward states. We ...

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For most animals, feeding is an essential behavior for securing survival, and it influences development, locomotion, health and reproduction. Ingestion of ...