Name: Electroencephalographic (EEG) Electrode Implantation on Mouse Brain
Uploaded: 2023-05-26T12:05:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electroencephalographic EEG Electrode Implantation on Mouse Brain at JoVE.com

electroencephalographic (eeg) electrode implantation on mouse brain

Stimulation du cerveau de la souris avec un EEG à faible coût et une bobine de taille millimétrique

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising tool for human brain science, clinical application, and animal model research because of its non-/low invasiveness. During the early stage of TMS applications, measurement of the cortical effect in response to single- and paired-pulse TMS in humans and animals was restricted to the motor cortex; easily measurable output was limited to motor evoked potentials and induced myoelectric potentials involving the motor cortex1,2. To expand the brain regions that can be measured by TMS modulation, electroencephalographic (EEG) recording was integrated with single- and paired-pulse TMS as a useful method to directly examine the excitability, connectivity, and spatiotemporal dynamics of areas throughout the whole brain3,4,5. Thus, the simultaneous application of TMS and EEG recording (TMS-EEG) to the brain has been used to probe various superficial cortical brain areas of humans and animals to investigate intracortical neural circuits (see Tremblay et al.6). Moreover, TMS-EEG systems can be used to examine additional cortical spatiotemporal characteristics, including the propagation of signals to other cortical areas and the generation of oscillatory activity7,8.
However, the mechanism of action of TMS in the brain remains speculative because of the non-invasiveness of TMS, which limits our knowledge of how the brain functions during TMS applications. Therefore, invasive translational studies in animals ranging from rodents to humans are of crucial importance to understand the mechanism of the effects of TMS on neural circuits and their activity. In particular, for combined TMS-EEG experiments in animals, a simultaneous stimulation and measurement system has not been intensively developed for small animals. Therefore, experimentalists are required to construct such a system by trial and error according to their specific experimental requirements. In addition, mouse models are useful among other in vivo animal species models because many transgenic and strain-isolated mice strains are available as biological resources. Thus, a convenient method to build a TMS-EEG-combined measurement system for mice would be desirable for many neuroscience researchers.
This study proposes a TMS-EEG-combined method that can be applied for simultaneous stimulation and recording of the mouse brain, which is the main type of transgenic animal used in research, and that can easily be constructed in typical neuroscience laboratories. First, a low-cost EEG recording system is described using conventional screw electrodes and a flexible substrate to reproducibly assign an electrode-array position in each experiment. Second, a magnetic stimulation system is constructed using a millimeter-sized coil, which can easily be custom-made in typical laboratories. Third, the TMS-EEG-combined system records neural activity in response to sound and magnetic stimulation. The method presented in this study can reveal the mechanisms that generate specific disorders in small animals, and the results obtained in the animal models can be translated to understand the corresponding human disorders.

Pleins feux sur l’auteur : Un système d’enregistrement électroencéphalographique à faible coût combiné à une bobine de taille millimétrique pour stimuler transcrânienne le cerveau de la souris in vivo

Système d’enregistrement électroencéphalographique à faible coût combiné à une bobine de taille millimétrique pour stimuler transcrânalement le cerveau de la souris in vivo

In neuroscience, TMS and EEG recording are frequently used to advance our understanding of the brain. TMS is especially promising due to its non-invasiveness. Combining TMS with EEG recording enables researchers to explore excitability, connectivity, and spatiotemporal dynamics across various brain regions.This protocol aims to develop a simultaneous stimulation measurement system for TMS-EEG experiments with small animals. These system have not been extensively developed, forcing researchers to create a system to trial and error according to the unique experimental requirements. This easily adaptable approach can be set up in standard neuroscience labs, making it more accessible and practical for researchers.The findings of this study will advance research and elucidating mechanisms behind specific disorders in small animals, which are essential models for human candidates. Further, these models will improve their understanding of human conditions and help guide the creation of more effective treatments and interventions.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electroencephalographic EEG Electrode Implantation on Mouse Brain at JoVE.com

Electroencephalographic (EEG) Electrode Implantation on Mouse Brain  

Implantation d’électrode électroencéphalographique (EEG) sur le cerveau de souris

Pour commencer, utilisez une souris anesthésiée intrapéritonéale et exposez le crâne en utilisant des procédures chirurgicales standard. Fixez la tige en acier inoxydable montée sur le réseau d’électrodes 2D à l’arrière du substrat flexible à un manipulateur. Placez ensuite le substrat flexible sur le crâne exposé.Ajustez l’emplacement des canaux 3 et 14 sur le réseau pour qu’ils s’adaptent au colliculus inférieur. Tracez quatre petits cercles aux emplacements des canaux 3, 8, 9 et 14 sur le crâne avec un marqueur permanent pour servir de repères de ciblage. Ensuite, séchez la surface du crâne pour améliorer l’adhérence du ciment dentaire et isoler électriquement le réseau d’électrodes 2D sur le substrat flexible du crâne de souris.Appliquez une couche de ciment dentaire sur la surface du crâne d’environ un millimètre d’épaisseur et laissez le ciment durcir pendant environ 30 minutes. Alignez le substrat flexible en ligne avec les petites marques circulaires à la surface du crâne. Positionnez ensuite la pointe d’une perceuse dentaire sur chaque trou de tampon d’électrode sur le substrat flexible et percez soigneusement dans le crâne.À l’aide d’un tournevis, fixez les électrodes de vis miniatures dans les trous de perçage du crâne. Sertir fermement la tête de l’électrode à vis et le tampon d’électrode. Enfin, mesurez la conductance entre chaque électrode à vis et le connecteur avec un équipement de test, tel qu’un compteur LCR pour confirmer la conductivité électrique.

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Electroencephalographic (EEG) Electrode Implantation on Mouse Brain

Low-Cost Electroencephalographic Recording System Combined with a Millimeter-Sized Coil to Transcranially Stimulate the Mouse Brain In Vivo

A low-cost electroencephalographic (EEG) recording system is proposed here to drive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the mouse brain in vivo, ...