Name: HD-MEA(High-Density Microelectrode Array)를 사용한 해마-피질 및 후각 전구 슬라이스의 Ex-Vivo 회로 전체 기록
Uploaded: 2024-03-08T14:10:00
Duration: 1 min 34 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ex-Vivo Circuit-Wide Recordings from Hippocampal-Cortical and Olfactory Bulb Slices Using High-Density Microelectrode Array HD-MEA at JoVE.com

ex-vivo circuit-wide recordings from hippocampal-cortical and olfactory bulb slices using high-density microelectrode array (hd-mea)

HD-MEA에 대한 멀티모달 대규모 신경 기록 및 분석 

Neuronal ensembles, often termed cell assemblies, are pivotal in neural coding, facilitating intricate computations for processing multiscale neural information1,2,3. These ensembles underpin the formation of expansive neuronal networks and their nuanced microcircuits4. Such networks and their oscillatory patterns drive advanced brain functions, including perception and cognition. While extensive research has explored specific neuronal types and synaptic pathways, a deeper understanding of how neurons collaboratively form cell assemblies and influence spatiotemporal information processing across circuits and networks remains elusive5.
Acute, ex-vivo brain slices are pivotal electrophysiological tools for studying intact neural circuits, offering a controlled setting to probe oscillatory activity patterns of neural function, synaptic transmission, and connectivity, with implications in pharmacological testing and disease modeling6,7,8. This study protocol highlights two key brain circuits - the hippocampal-cortical (HC) involved in learning and memory processes9,10, and the olfactory bulb (OB) responsible for odor discrimination11,12,13. In these two regions, new functional neurons are continuously generated by adult neurogenesis throughout life in mammalian brains14. Both circuits demonstrate multidimensional dynamic neural activity patterns and inherent plasticity that participate in rewiring the existing neural network and facilitate alternative information processing strategies when required15,16.
Acute, ex-vivo brain slice models are indispensable for delving into brain functionality and understanding disease mechanisms at the microcircuit level. However, in-vitro cell cultures derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) neuronal networks offer a promising avenue of translational research, seamlessly connecting findings from animal experiments to potential human clinical treatment17,18. These human-centric in-vitro assays serve as a reliable platform for assessing pharmacological toxicity, enabling precise drug screening, and furthering research into innovative cell-based therapeutic strategies19,20. Recognizing the pivotal role of the iPSC neuronal model, we have dedicated the third module of this protocol study to thoroughly investigate the functional characteristics of its derived networks and to fine-tune the associated cell culture protocols.
These electrogenic neural modules have been commonly studied using techniques like calcium (Ca2+ imaging), patch-clamp recordings, and low-density microelectrode arrays (LD-MEA). While Ca2+ imaging offers single-cell activity mapping, it is a cell-labeling-based method hindered by its low temporal resolution and challenges in long-term recordings. LD-MEAs lack spatial precision, while patch-clamp, being an invasive single-site technique and laborious, often yields a low success rate21,22,23. To address these challenges and effectively probe network-wide activity, large-scale simultaneous neural recordings have emerged as a pivotal approach for understanding the computational principles of neural dynamics underlying brain complexity and their implications in health and disease24,25.
In this JoVE protocol, we demonstrate a large-scale neural recording method based on the high-density MEA (HD-MEA) for capturing spatiotemporal neuronal activity across various brain modalities, including hippocampal and olfactory bulb circuits from ex-vivo mouse brain acute slices (Figures 1A-C) and in-vitro human iPSC-derived neuronal networks (Figures 1D-E), previously reported by our group and other colleagues26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35. The HD-MEA, built on complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, boasts on-chip circuitry and amplification, allowing sub-millisecond recordings across a 7mm2 array size36. This non-invasive approach captures multi-site, label-free extracellular firing patterns from thousands of neuronal ensembles simultaneously using 4096 microelectrodes at a high spatiotemporal resolution, revealing the intricate dynamics of local field potentials (LFPs) and multiunit spiking activity (MUA)26,29.
Given the vastness of the data generated by this methodology, a sophisticated analytical framework is essential, yet poses challenges37. We have developed computational tools that encompass automatic event detection, classification, graph theory, machine learning, and other advanced techniques (Figure 1F)26,29,38,39. Integrating the HD-MEA with these analytical tools, a holistic approach is devised to probe the intricate dynamics from individual cell assemblies to broader neural networks across diverse neural modalities. This combined approach deepens our grasp of the computational dynamics in normal brain functions and offers insights into anomalies present in pathological conditions28. Moreover, insights from this approach can propel advancements in brain-inspired modeling, neuromorphic computing, and neural learning algorithms. Ultimately, this method holds promise in uncovering the core mechanisms behind neural network disruptions, potentially identifying biomarkers, and guiding the creation of precise diagnostic tools and targeted treatments for neurological conditions.

저자 스포트라이트: HD-MEA 기술을 통한 대규모 신경 역학 발전

CMOS 통합 고밀도 미세전극 어레이에서 Multimodal Large-Scale Neuronal Ensemble Dynamics 기록 및 분석

Our research explores the frontiers of neural technology by integrating high-density CMOS-based microelectrode array for decoding neural communication and large networks. We aim to answer how neural information across scales is encoded in unique detail, enhancing our understanding of brain function and dysfunction in health and disease. Navigating the complex area of neuronal ensemble research, we confront challenges like achieving precise signal resolution amidst brain activity, and ensuring the biocompatibility of our CMOS-based microelectrode arrays.These hurdles are pivotal in accurately capturing and interpreting the rich tapestry of neural interaction using multimodal recordings. Our research addresses a critical gap in neuroscience, the lack of a comprehensive method to recode and analyze the dynamics of larger scale neuronal ensemble with high spatial and temporal resolution. This gap hinders our understanding of complex brain networks and function in health and disease.Our protocol enables multimodal, label-free, high-resolution recordings across the hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and human IPSC-derived neurons, providing a versatile tool for diverse experiments. This unique approach facilitates unparalleled insight into neuronal dynamics, bridging the research gap between various brain regions and model systems, significantly advancing our understanding of neural function and disorder. Future endeavors in our lab will deeply investigate neural computations and dynamics from genes to networks, aiming to bridge molecular and functional signatures in health and disease.Through advanced bioelectronics and neural technology, we'll focus on neuroplasticity, olfactory coding, developing AI, and memory-enhancing strategies for novel therapeutics and brain machine interfaces.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ex-Vivo Circuit-Wide Recordings from Hippocampal-Cortical and Olfactory Bulb Slices Using High-Density Microelectrode Array HD-MEA at JoVE.com

HD-MEA(High-Density Microelectrode Array)를 사용한 해마-피질 및 후각 전구 슬라이스의 Ex-Vivo 회로 전체 기록

시작하려면 필요한 모든 도구를 지정된 작업 공간에 배치하십시오. HD-MEA 칩을 PDLO로 코팅하여 조직-칩 결합을 향상시킵니다. 획득 기록 플랫폼에 칩을 놓습니다.저장소를 인공 뇌척수액으로 채우고 칩 저장소에 앵커를 놓아 평형을 이룹니다. 회수실에서 준비된 마우스 뇌 절편을 꺼내 연속 카보진이 있는 90mm 배양 접시에 넣습니다. 해마 또는 후각구를 분리한 후 유리 피펫을 사용하여 슬라이스를 HD-MEA 저장소로 옮깁니다.가는 브러시를 사용하여 MEA의 활성 영역에 슬라이스를 부드럽게 맞춥니다. 칩에서 모든 용액을 잘 흡입합니다. 집게를 사용하여 앵커를 슬라이스 위에 부드럽게 놓습니다.칩 저장소에 용액을 부드럽게 추가한 후 관류 시스템을 시작합니다. 그런 다음 BrainWave 소프트웨어를 실행하고 파일을 선택한 다음 새 녹음 세션을 클릭합니다. 기록 매개변수를 1Hz의 기록 주파수와 전극당 14킬로헤르츠의 샘플링 주파수로 설정합니다.Record를 눌러 사전 설정된 실험 조건으로 수집을 시작합니다. 마지막으로, 마지막 기록 후 급성 뇌 절편의 광 이미징을 캡처합니다. 그런 다음 슬라이스를 회수 챔버로 다시 이동합니다.브러시를 사용하여 칩에 부착된 유기 물질을 제거하고 다음 슬라이스를 진행합니다.

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Ex-Vivo Circuit-Wide Recordings from Hippocampal-Cortical and Olfactory Bulb Slices Using High-Density Microelectrode Array (HD-MEA)

Recording and Analyzing Multimodal Large-Scale Neuronal Ensemble Dynamics on CMOS-Integrated High-Density Microelectrode Array

Large-scale neuronal networks and their complex distributed microcircuits are essential to generate perception, cognition, and behavior that emerge from ...

연구

신경과학

Ex-Vivo Brain Slices Preparation from Mouse Brain Tissue for Studying Hippocampal-Cortical and Olfactory Bulb Circuits

해마-피질 및 후각 전구 회로를 연구하기 위한 생쥐 뇌 조직에서 생체 외 뇌 절편 준비

In-Vitro Culture of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) on High-Density Microelectrode Array (HD-MEA)

고밀도 미세전극 어레이(HD-MEA)에서 인간 유도 만능 줄기세포(iPSC)의 체외 배양 

Preparation of Human iPSC Recording Workspace and Network-Wide Recordings on High-Density Microelectrode Array (HD-MEA)

고밀도 미세전극 어레이(HD-MEA)에 대한 인간 iPSC 기록 작업 공간 및 네트워크 전체 기록 준비

Analysis of Ex-Vivo Mouse Brain Slices and In-Vitro Human iPSC-Derived Neuronal Networks

Ex-Vivo 마우스 뇌 절편 및 In-Vitro 인간 iPSC 유래 신경 네트워크 분석