Name: recording multicellular behavior in myxococcus xanthus biofilms using time-lapse microcinematography
Uploaded: 2010-08-06T17:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Recording Multicellular Behavior in Myxococcus xanthus Biofilms using Time-lapse Microcinematography at JoVE.com

Questa ricerca è stata resa possibile da una carriera premio National Science Foundation (MCB-0746066, Caratterizzazione di attivatori trascrizionali che regolano il comportamento emergente) per RDW Siamo grati a LJ Shimkus, BS Goldman, G. Suen, M. Singer, LG Welch, KA Murphy, e HG Taylor per utili discussioni e commenti sul manoscritto.

Forniture necessarie: <ul><li> Klett metro </li><li> Pipetta e suggerimenti </li><li> Microprovette 2,5 ml </li><li> Microcentrifuga </li><li> CTTYE media: <ul><li> 1,0% Casitone (Laboratori Difco), estratto di lievito 0,5% (Difco Laboratories), </li><li> 10,0 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8,0), 1,0 mM KH 2 PO 4, 8.0 mM MgSO 4 </li></ul></li><li> TPM media: <ul><li> 10,0 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8,0), 1,0 mM KH 2 PO 4, 8.0 mM MgSO 4 </li></ul></li><li> Agarosio </li><li> Bagn...

<ol>
	<li>Taylor, R. G., Welch, R. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemotaxis+as+an+emergent+property+of+a+swarm.">Chemotaxis as an emergent property of a swarm.</a> J Bacteriol. 190, 6811-6816 (2008).</li><li>Curtis, P. D., Taylor, R. G., Welch, R. D., Shimkets, L. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spatial+Organization+of+Myxococcus+xanthus+During+Fruiting+Body+Formation.">Spatial Organization of Myxococcus xanthus During Fruiting Body Formation.</a> J Bacteriol. 189, 9126-9130 (2007).</li><li>Mignot, T., Merlie, J. P., Zusman, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulated+pole-to-pole+oscillations+of+a+bacterial+gliding+motility+protein.">Regulated pole-to-pole oscillations of a bacterial gliding motility protein.</a> Science. 310, 855-857 (2005).</li><li>Stoodley, P., Hall-Stoodley, L., Lappin-Scott, H. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Detachment+surface+migration,+and+other+dynamic+behavior+in+bacterial+biofilms+revealed+by+digital+time-lapse+imaging.">Detachment surface migration, and other dynamic behavior in bacterial biofilms revealed by digital time-lapse imaging.</a> Methods Enzymol. 337, 306-319 (2001).</li><li>O'Toole, G., Kaplan, H. B., Kolter, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biofilm+formation+as+microbial+development.">Biofilm formation as microbial development.</a> Annu Rev Microbiol. 54, 49-79 (2000).</li><li>O'Toole, G. A., Kolter, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flagellar+and+twitching+motility+are+necessary+for+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+biofilm+development.">Flagellar and twitching motility are necessary for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development.</a> Mol Microbiol. 30, 295-304 (1998).</li><li>Dalton, H. M., Poulsen, L. K., Halasz, P., Angles, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Substratum-induced+morphological+changes+in+a+marine+bacterium+and+their+relevance+to+biofilm+structure.">Substratum-induced morphological changes in a marine bacterium and their relevance to biofilm structure.</a> J Bacteriol. 176, 6900-6906 (1994).</li><li>Dworkin, M., Eide, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myxococcus+xanthus+does+not+respond+chemotactically+to+moderate+concentration+gradients.">Myxococcus xanthus does not respond chemotactically to moderate concentration gradients.</a> J Bacteriol. 154, 437-442 (1983).</li><li>Dworkin, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tactic+behavior+of+Myxococcus+xanthus.">Tactic behavior of Myxococcus xanthus.</a> J Bacteriol. 154, 452-459 (1983).</li><li>Wu, S. S., Kaiser, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+expression+of+the+pilA+gene+in+Myxococcus+xanthus.">Regulation of expression of the pilA gene in Myxococcus xanthus.</a> J Bacteriol. 179, 7748-7758 (1997).</li><li>Bustamante, V. H., Mart&#237;nez-Flores, I., Vlamakis, H. C., Zusman, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+the+Frz+signal+transduction+system+of+Myxococcus+xanthus+shows+the+importance+of+the+conserved+C-terminal+region+of+the+cytoplasmic+chemoreceptor+FrzCD+in+sensing+signals.">Analysis of the Frz signal transduction system of Myxococcus xanthus shows the importance of the conserved C-terminal region of the cytoplasmic chemoreceptor FrzCD in sensing signals.</a> Mol Microbiol. 53, 1501-1513 (2004).</li></ol>

Time-lapse microcinematografia (TM) è diventato un approccio standard allo studio della motilità procarioti 2-7. Tradizionalmente, TM viene eseguita utilizzando stoppini carta da filtro, pastiglie agar sottile, o lastre di agar come substrati 8-11. Questi metodi sono adeguati ed economicamente efficace quando usata per generare sequenze di immagini per le illustrazioni generale del movimento dei batteri. Tuttavia, se le sequenze di immagini deve comportare la generazione di dati riproducibili e q...

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		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
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<td>1.0% Casitone</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco Laboratories</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>0.5% yeast extract</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco Laboratories</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Micro-sampling pipette</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>100 &mu;l glass disposable tip</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher</td>
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<td>2 x 2 cm, 0.5-mm-thick silicone rubber gasket</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Grace Bio-Lab Inc.</td>
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recording multicellular behavior in myxococcus xanthus biofilms using time-lapse microcinematography

Uno sciame di δ-proteobacterium Myxococcus xanthus contiene milioni di cellule che agiscono come un collettivo, il movimento coordinamento attraverso una serie di segnali per creare complessi, i modelli dinamici come risposta a stimoli ambientali. Questi modelli sono auto-organizzazione ed emergenti, non può essere previsto osservando il comportamento delle singole celle. Utilizzando un time-lapse analisi monitoraggio microcinematografia, abbiamo identificato un modello distinto emergente in M. xanthus chiamato chemiotassi, definito come il movimento diretto di uno sciame di un gradiente di nutrienti verso la sua sorgente 1. Al fine di caratterizzare in modo efficiente chemiotassi tramite time-lapse microcinematografia, abbiamo sviluppato un piatto altamente modificabile complesso (Figura 1) e costruito un cluster di 8 microscopi (Figura 2), ciascuno in grado di catturare video time-lapse. Il test è sufficientemente rigorosa per consentire la replicazione coerente di dati quantificabili, e il video risultante ci permettono di osservare e tracciare i cambiamenti sottili nel comportamento sciame. Una volta catturati, i video vengono trasferiti ad una analisi / storage computer con memoria sufficiente per elaborare e memorizzare migliaia di video. La flessibilità di questa configurazione è dimostrato utile a diversi membri della M. xanthus comunità.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Recording Multicellular Behavior in Myxococcus xanthus Biofilms using Time-lapse Microcinematography at JoVE.com

Recording Multicellular Behavior in Myxococcus xanthus Biofilms using Time-lapse Microcinematography

Per studiare<em&gt; Myxococcus xanthus</em&gt; Comportamento sciame, abbiamo progettato un time-lapse protocollo microcinematografia che possono essere modificati per saggi differenti. Impiega le condizioni di crescita standard adattate per la microscopia, e produce risultati riproducibili con l&#39;uso di poco costoso, guarnizioni in silicone riutilizzabile. Abbiamo usato questo metodo per quantificare chemiotassi pluricellulari.

Registrazione Comportamento multicellulari in Myxococcus xanthus Biofilm utilizzando Time-lapse microcinematografia

A swarm of the &delta;-proteobacterium Myxococcus xanthus contains millions of cells that act as a collective, coordinating movement through a series of ...

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Recording Multicellular Behavior in Myxococcus xanthus Biofilms using Time-lapse Microcinematography

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