Tracheal Intubation for Mechanical Ventilation: A Procedure to Insert Endotracheal Tube in Trachea of Rabbit Model

The trachea is a tubular structure that connects the larynx or voice box to the bronchi in the lungs. At the proximal tracheal end, the larynx is covered by a cartilaginous flap called epiglottis which opens during breathing allowing the free movement of air into the trachea.

To perform tracheal intubation - a procedure to insert a tube in the trachea - place an anesthetized rabbit in the prone position. Widen the rabbit's mouth and insert a preliminary endotracheal tube into the oral cavity. This step facilitates the opening of the epiglottis and the tube moves inside the larynx.

Use the opening in the tube to pass a guide catheter inside the trachea until it reaches the desired location beyond the larynx. Remove the preliminary endotracheal tube while maintaining the guide catheter in its position.

Take a definitive endotracheal tube with an attached cuff - an inflatable portion - present at its end. Advance the tube onto the guide catheter to trace the guide's path eventually reaching the desired location in the trachea. Remove the guide catheter.

Use the terminal pilot balloon assembly to inflate the cuff. This step anchors the tube inside the lumen, sealing the airway to prevent leakage of air or fluids from the trachea. Post successful intubation, the rabbit is ready for mechanical ventilation.