Name: methods to quantify pharmacologically induced alterations in motor function in human incomplete sci
Uploaded: 2011-04-18T13:00:00
Duration: 14 min 55 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI at JoVE.com

एनआईएच TGH के लिए R21NS42516 क्रेग एच नीलसन फाउंडेशन TGH 83860 अनुदान NIDRR - RRTC. APTA डॉक्टरेट छात्रवृत्ति CKT

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J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spinal+cord-transected+mice+learn+to+step+in+response+to+quipazine+treatment+and+robotic+training.">Spinal cord-transected mice learn to step in response to quipazine treatment and robotic training.</a> J Neurosci. 25, 11738-11747 (2005).</li><li>Murray, K., Nakae, A., Stephens, M. J., Rank, M., D Amico, J., Harvey, P., Li, X., Harris, L., Ballou, E. W., Anelli, R., Heckman, C. J., Mashimo, T., Vavrek, R., Sanelli, L., Gorassini, M. A., Bennett, D. 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B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interrater+reliability+of+a+modified+Ashworth+scale+of+muscle+spasticity.">Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity.</a> Phys Ther. 67, 206-207 (1987).</li><li>Benz, E., TG, H. o. r. n. b. y., RK, B. o. d. e., Scheidt, R. A., Schmit, B. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+physiologically+based+clinical+measure+for+spastic+reflexes+in+spinal+cord+injury.">A physiologically based clinical measure for spastic reflexes in spinal cord injury.</a> Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 86, 52-59 (2005).</li></ol>

ब्याज की कोई संघर्ष की घोषणा की.

इस वीडियो प्रदर्शन के तरीकों पर प्रकाश डाला गया पलटा गतिविधि में परिवर्तन, इच्छाशक्ति की ताकत और ambulation मानव एससीआई में तीव्र SSRIs के मौखिक प्रशासन के बाद का आकलन है. आकलन के इस बैटरी को दर्शाता है कि तथाकथित असामान्य एक SSRI के तीव्र मौखिक प्रशासन के बाद पलटा गतिविधि में वृद्धि के बावजूद, एससीआई के साथ व्यक्तिगत इच्छाशक्ति की ताकत में सुधार हरकत करने की क्षमता में केवल मामूली परिवर्तन के साथ, प्रदर्शन. इन व्यक्तियों में संवर्धित spasticity के प्रभावों का चल समारोह के लिए हानिकारक नहीं दिखाई देते हैं. इसके अतिरिक्त चलने की क्षमता में सुधार और अधिक गंभीर घावों के साथ व्यक्तियों में स्पष्ट हो सकता है. सतत अध्ययन इन इसी तरह मात्रात्मक और नैदानिक ​​आकलन का उपयोग करने के लिए संयुक्त SSRIs और गहन शारीरिक हस्तक्षेप की प्रभावकारिता निर्धारित करने, के रूप में एससीआई के पशु मॉडल में नियोजित किया गया है. लंबे समय से और अपेक्षाकृत नए बुनियादी विज्ञान अनुसंधान के आधार पर एक ध्वनि सैद्धांतिक ढांचे के साथ, इन तरीकों एक नैदानिक ​​आबादी अनुवाद ऐसी जानकारी में मदद मिलेगी और परंपरागत नैदानिक ​​व्यवहार में एससीआई के साथ व्यक्तियों में कार्यात्मक वसूली बढ़ाने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया प्रोटोकॉल के कुछ चुनौती सकता है सकते हैं.

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methods to quantify pharmacologically induced alterations in motor function in human incomplete sci

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating disorder, which produces profound deficits in volitional motor control. Following medical stabilization, recovery from SCI typically involves long term rehabilitation. While recovery of walking ability is a primary goal in many patients early after injury, those with a motor incomplete SCI, indicating partial preservation of volitional control, may have the sufficient residual descending pathways necessary to attain this goal. However, despite physical interventions, motor impairments including weakness, and the manifestation of abnormal involuntary reflex activity, called spasticity or spasms, are thought to contribute to reduced walking recovery. Doctrinaire thought suggests that remediation of this abnormal motor reflexes associated with SCI will produce functional benefits to the patient. For example, physicians and therapists will provide specific pharmacological or physical interventions directed towards reducing spasticity or spasms, although there continues to be little empirical data suggesting that these strategies improve walking ability.
In the past few decades, accumulating data has suggested that specific neuromodulatory agents, including agents which mimic or facilitate the actions of the monoamines, including serotonin (5HT) and norepinephrine (NE), can initiate or augment walking behaviors in animal models of SCI. Interestingly, many of these agents, particularly 5HTergic agonists, can markedly increase spinal excitability, which in turn also increases reflex activity in these animals. Counterintuitive to traditional theories of recovery following human SCI, the empirical evidence from basic science experiments suggest that this reflex hyper excitability and generation of locomotor behaviors are driven in parallel by neuromodulatory inputs (5HT) and may be necessary for functional recovery following SCI. 
The application of this novel concept derived from basic scientific studies to promote recovery following human SCI would appear to be seamless, although the direct translation of the findings can be extremely challenging. Specifically, in the animal models, an implanted catheter facilitates delivery of very specific 5HT agonist compounds directly onto the spinal circuitry. The translation of this technique to humans is hindered by the lack of specific surgical techniques or available pharmacological agents directed towards 5HT receptor subtypes that are safe and effective for human clinical trials. However, oral administration of commonly available 5HTergic agents, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may be a viable option to increase central 5HT concentrations in order to facilitate walking recovery in humans. Systematic quantification of how these SSRIs modulate human motor behaviors following SCI, with a specific focus on strength, reflexes, and the recovery of walking ability, are missing.
This video demonstration is a progressive attempt to systematically and quantitatively assess the modulation of reflex activity, volitional strength and ambulation following the acute oral administration of an SSRI in human SCI. Agents are applied on single days to assess the immediate effects on motor function in this patient population, with long-term studies involving repeated drug administration combined with intensive physical interventions.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI at JoVE.com

Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI

यह वीडियो एक serotonin अवरोध करनेवाला अवरोध (SSRI) के तीव्र मौखिक प्रशासन का एक परिणाम के के रूप में पलटा गतिविधि के मॉडुलन, इच्छाशक्ति शक्ति और मोटर अधूरा एससीआई के साथ व्यक्तियों में नैदानिक ​​और मात्रात्मक आकलन के माध्यम से ambulation को दर्शाता है.

मानव अधूरा एससीआई में मोटर समारोह में pharmacologically प्रेरित बदलाव यों के तरीके

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating disorder, which produces profound deficits in volitional motor control. Following medical stabilization, ...

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