Name: testing protozoacidal activity of ligand-lytic peptides against termite gut protozoa in vitro (protozoa culture) and in vivo (microinjection into termite hindgut)
Uploaded: 2010-12-29T17:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Testing Protozoacidal Activity of Ligand-lytic Peptides Against Termite Gut Protozoa in vitro Protozoa Culture and in vivo Microinjection into Termite Hindgut

हम फ्लोरोसेंट ligand संश्लेषण, Interdisciplinaray जैव प्रौद्योगिकी अनुसंधान के लिए केंद्र, ligand-lytic पेप्टाइड संश्लेषण के लिए UF, और प्रतिदीप्ति सूक्ष्मदर्शी का उपयोग प्रदान करने के लिए Socolovsky माइक्रोस्कोप सुविधा के लिए LSU पेप्टाइड सुविधा के पूर्व निदेशक डा. एलीसन रिचर्ड, धन्यवाद. अनुदान SERDP खोजपूर्ण रक्षा विभाग के विकास कार्यक्रम (बीज), ऊर्जा और पर्यावरण संरक्षण एजेंसी विभाग, जैव प्रौद्योगिकी AgCenter अंतःविषय टीम कार्यक्रम और लुइसियाना के राज्य द्वारा प्रदान किया गया.

1 प्रयोग: दीमक के पेट के निष्कर्षण anaerobic शर्तों के तहत प्रोटोजोआ <ol><li> लगातार एक desiccant और प्रकार विकास उत्प्रेरक Stak paks के माध्यम से हवा प्रसारित करने की नमी और ऑक्सीजन के स्तर को नियंत्रित करने और असमान तापमान ...

<ol>
	<li>Hansel, W., Leuschner, C., Enright, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Conjugates+of+lytic+peptides+and+LHRH+or+&#946;CG+target+and+cause+necrosis+of+prostate+cancers+and+metastases.">Conjugates of lytic peptides and LHRH or &#946;CG target and cause necrosis of prostate cancers and metastases.</a> Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 269, 26-33 (2007).</li><li>Husseneder, C., Collier, R. E., Bourtzis, K., Miller, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Paratransgenesis+for+termite+control.">Paratransgenesis for termite control.</a> Insect Symbiosis. 3, 361-376 (2009).</li><li>Husseneder, C., Grace, J. K., Oishi, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+genetically+engineered+bacteria+(Escherichia+coli)+to+monitor+ingestion,+loss+and+transfer+of+bacteria+in+termites.">Use of genetically engineered bacteria (Escherichia coli) to monitor ingestion, loss and transfer of bacteria in termites.</a> Curr. Microbiol. 50, 119-123 (2005).</li><li>Husseneder, C., Grace, J. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetically+engineered+termite+gut+bacteria+deliver+and+spread+foreign+genes+in+termite+colonies.">Genetically engineered termite gut bacteria deliver and spread foreign genes in termite colonies.</a> Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 68, 360-367 (2005).</li><li>Javadpour, M. M., Juban, M. M., Lo, W. C., Bishop, S. M., Alberty, J. B., Cowell, S. M., Becker, C. L., Mc Laughlin, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=De+novo+antimicrobial+peptides+with+low+mammalian+cell+toxicity.">De novo antimicrobial peptides with low mammalian cell toxicity.</a> J. Med. Chem. 39, 3107-3113 (1996).</li><li>Lai, P. Y., Tamashiro, M., Fuji, J. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Abundance+and+distribution+of+the+three+species+of+symbiotic+protozoa+in+the+hindgut+of+Coptotermes+formosanus+(Isoptera).">Abundance and distribution of the three species of symbiotic protozoa in the hindgut of Coptotermes formosanus (Isoptera).</a> Proc. Haw. Entomol. Soc. 24, 271-276 (1983).</li><li>Leuschner, C., Hansel, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Membrane+disrupting+lytic+peptides+for+cancer+treatments.">Membrane disrupting lytic peptides for cancer treatments.</a> Curr. Pharm. Des. 10, 2299-2310 (2004).</li><li>Mutwiri, G. K., Henk, W. G., Enright, F. M., Corbeil, L. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+the+Antimicrobial+Peptide,+d-Hecate,+on+Trichomonads.">Effect of the Antimicrobial Peptide, d-Hecate, on Trichomonads.</a> J. Parasitol. 86, 1355-1359 (2000).</li><li>Trager, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+cultivation+of+a+cellulose-digesting+flagellate,+Trichomonas+termopsidis,+and+of+certain+other+termite+protozoa.">The cultivation of a cellulose-digesting flagellate, Trichomonas termopsidis, and of certain other termite protozoa.</a> Biol. Bull. 66, 182-190 (1934).</li></ol>

Ligand-lytic पेप्टाइड सफलतापूर्वक किया गया है को प्रभावी ढंग से लक्ष्य और कैंसर की कोशिकाओं (बयाना और Leuschner 2004, बयाना एट अल 2007.) को नष्ट करने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया. इस अवधारणा के आधार पर, हम एक heptapeptide ligand है कि की सतह के...

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testing protozoacidal activity of ligand-lytic peptides against termite gut protozoa in vitro (protozoa culture) and in vivo (microinjection into termite hindgut)

We are developing a novel approach to subterranean termite control that would lead to reduced reliance on the use of chemical pesticides. Subterranean termites are dependent on protozoa in the hindguts of workers to efficiently digest wood. Lytic peptides have been shown to kill a variety of protozoan parasites (Mutwiri et al. 2000) and also protozoa in the gut of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus (Husseneder and Collier 2009). Lytic peptides are part of the nonspecific immune system of eukaryotes, and destroy the membranes of microorganisms (Leuschner and Hansel 2004). Most lytic peptides are not likely to harm higher eukaryotes, because they do not affect the electrically neutral cholesterol-containing cell membranes of higher eukaryotes (Javadpour et al. 1996). Lytic peptide action can be targeted to specific cell types by the addition of a ligand. For example, Hansel et al. (2007) reported that lytic peptides conjugated with cancer cell membrane receptor ligands could be used to destroy breast cancer cells, while lytic peptides alone or conjugated with non-specific peptides were not effective. Lytic peptides also have been conjugated to human hormones that bind to receptors on tumor cells for targeted destruction of prostate and testicular cancer cells (Leuschner and Hansel 2004).
In this article we present techniques used to demonstrate the protozoacidal activity of a lytic peptide (Hecate) coupled to a heptapeptide ligand that binds to the surface membrane of protozoa from the gut of the Formosan subterranean termite. These techniques include extirpation of the gut from termite workers, anaerobic culture of gut protozoa (Pseudotrichonympha grassii, Holomastigotoides hartmanni, Spirotrichonympha leidyi), microscopic confirmation that the ligand marked with a fluorescent dye binds to the termite gut protozoa and other free-living protozoa but not to bacteria or gut tissue. We also demonstrate that the same ligand coupled to a lytic peptide efficiently kills termite gut protozoa in vitro (protozoa culture) and in vivo (microinjection into hindgut of workers), but is less bacteriacidal than the lytic peptide alone. The loss of protozoa leads to the death of the termites in less than two weeks.
In the future, we will genetically engineer microorganisms that can survive in the termite hindgut and spread through a termite colony as "Trojan Horses" to express ligand-lytic peptides that would kill the protozoa in the termite gut and subsequently kill the termites in the colony. Ligand-lytic peptides also could be useful for drug development against protozoan parasites.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Testing Protozoacidal Activity of Ligand-lytic Peptides Against Termite Gut Protozoa in vitro Protozoa Culture and in vivo Microinjection into Termite Hindgut

Testing Protozoacidal Activity of Ligand-lytic Peptides Against Termite Gut Protozoa in vitro Protozoa Culture and in vivo Microinjection into Termite Hindgut

हम प्रदर्शन के लिए प्रक्रियाओं है कि ligands Formosan भूमिगत फ्लोरोसेंट माइक्रोस्कोपी और कि ligands lytic पेप्टाइड के साथ युग्मित का उपयोग दीमक के पेट में प्रोटोजोआ सेलूलोज़ पचाने को मारने प्रोटोजोआ इन की सतह झिल्ली करने के लिए बाध्य वर्तमान<em&gt; इन विट्रो में</em(Anaerobic प्रोटोजोआ संस्कृति) और<em&gt; Vivo में</em&gt; (दीमक hindgut में इंजेक्शन).

दीमक प्रोटोजोअन आंत के खिलाफ ligand-lytic पेप्टाइड के Protozoacidal गतिविधि परीक्षण इन विट्रो में</em(प्रोटोजोअन संस्कृति) और Vivo में (दीमक Hindgut में Microinjection)

We are developing a novel approach to subterranean termite control that would lead to reduced reliance on the use of chemical pesticides. Subterranean ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Testing Protozoacidal Activity of Ligand-lytic Peptides Against Termite Gut Protozoa in vitro (Protozoa Culture) and in vivo (Microinjection into Termite Hindgut)

Extracting DNA from the Gut Microbes of the Termite (Zootermopsis Angusticollis) and Visualizing Gut Microbes

Extracting DNA from the Gut Microbes of the Termite Zootermopsis Angusticollis and Visualizing Gut Microbes

दीमक की आंत रोगाणुओं (Zootermopsis Angusticollis) से डीएनए निकालने और आंत रोगाणुओं Visualizing

Termites are among the few animals known to have the capacity to subsist solely by consuming wood.  The termite gut tract contains a dense and ...

Investigating the Microbial Community in the Termite Hindgut - Interview

साक्षात्कार - दीमक Hindgut में माइक्रोबियल समुदाय की जांच

Jared Leadbetter explains why the termite-gut microbial community is an excellent system for studying the complex interactions between microbes.     The ...

Layers of Symbiosis - Visualizing the Termite Hindgut Microbial Community

सिम्बायोसिस की परतों - दीमक Hindgut माइक्रोबियल समुदाय Visualizing

Jared Leadbetter takes us for a nature walk through the diversity of life resident in the termite hindgut - a microenvironment containing 250 different ...

Testing the Physiological Barriers to Viral Transmission in Aphids Using Microinjection

Microinjection का उपयोग aphids में वायरल पारेषण के लिए शारीरिक बाधाओं परीक्षण

Potato loafroll virus (PLRV), from the family Luteoviridae infects solanaceous plants. It is transmitted by aphids, primarily, the green peach aphid. When ...

In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction

In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction

Vivo में और अडैप्टर क्लैथ्रिन इंटरेक्शन की इन विट्रो अध्ययन में

A major endocytic pathway initiates with the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) that transport cargo from the cell surface to endosomes1-6. CCVs ...

Activation of Apoptosis by Cytoplasmic Microinjection of Cytochrome c

Activation of Apoptosis by Cytoplasmic Microinjection of Cytochrome c

Apoptosis साइटोक्रोम के cytoplasmic Microinjection द्वारा सक्रियकरण ग</em

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a conserved and highly regulated pathway by which cells die1.  Apoptosis can be triggered when cells encounter a ...

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture

प्रेरण और सेल संस्कृति में Hypoxia का परीक्षण

Hypoxia is defined as the reduction or lack of oxygen in organs, tissues, or cells.  This decrease of oxygen tension can be due to a reduced supply in ...

Dissection of Xenopus laevis Neural Crest for in vitro Explant Culture or in vivo Transplantation

Dissection of Xenopus laevis Neural Crest for in vitro Explant Culture or in vivo Transplantation

के विच्छेदन<em&gt; Xenopus laevis</em&gt; तंत्रिका शिखा के लिए<em&gt; इन विट्रो</em&gt; Explant संस्कृति या<em&gt; में विवो</em&gt; ट्रांसप्लांटेशन

The neural crest (NC) is a transient dorsal neural tube cell population that undergoes an epithelium-to-mesenchyme transition (EMT) at the end of ...

In Vivo Microinjection and Electroporation of Mouse Testis

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माउस वृषण की विवो Microinjection और electroporation में

This video and article contribution gives a comprehensive description of microinjection and electroporation of mouse testis in vivo. This particular ...

Functional Reconstitution and Channel Activity Measurements of Purified Wildtype and Mutant CFTR Protein

शुद्ध wildtype और उत्परिवर्ती CFTR प्रोटीन के कार्यात्मक पुनर्गठन और चैनल गतिविधि माप

The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) is a unique channel-forming member of the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily of ...

दीमक प्रोटोजोअन आंत के खिलाफ ligand-lytic पेप्टाइड के Protozoacidal गतिविधि परीक्षण इन विट्रो में Vivo में (दीमक Hindgut में Microinjection)