Name: evaluation of the spatial distribution of &gamma;h2ax following ionizing radiation
Uploaded: 2010-08-07T17:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of Î³H2AX following Ionizing Radiation at JoVE.com

澳大利亚核科学与工程学院的支持，是公认的事实。 TCK的是AINSE奖项的收件人。表观医学实验室是支持由国家卫生和澳大利亚的医学研究理事会（566559）。这项工作是由“儿童权利公约”，生物医学成像发展有限公司，建立和下的澳大利亚政府S合作研究中心（CRC）计划的支持。 LM是由墨尔本研究所（墨尔本大学）和生物医学成像的华润补充奖学金支持。莫纳什显微成像（DRS斯蒂芬科迪ISKA卡迈克尔）的支持是这项工作的宝贵。

细胞制备<ol><li>人红白血病K562细胞生长在10％（V / V）饱和湿度5％的CO 2环境中的胎牛血清和20毫克/毫升的庆大霉素的RPMI - 1640补充介质在37 ° C。 </li><li>染色前约18小时，洗指数生长的细胞（5 × 10 5细胞/毫升是最优的）用磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS），悬浮在新媒体和返回到37 ° C，5％的CO 2。 </li><li>两次用PBS离心洗涤细胞，在5分钟的转速约1500，并重新悬浮在新鲜的媒体。 </li><li>...

<ol>
	<li>Rogakou, E. P., Boon, C., Redon, C., Bonner, W. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Megabase+chromatin+domains+involved+in+DNA+double-strand+breaks+in+vivo.">Megabase chromatin domains involved in DNA double-strand breaks in vivo.</a> J Cell Biol. 146 (5), 905-916 (1999).</li><li>Rogakou, E. P., Pilch, D. R., Orr, A. H., Ivanova, V. S., Bonner, W. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DNA+double-stranded+breaks+induce+histone+H2AX+phosphorylation+on+serine+139.">DNA double-stranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139.</a> J Biol Chem. 273 (10), 5858-5868 (1998).</li><li>Bonner, W. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Nat Rev Cancer. 8 (12), 957-967 (2008).</li><li>Dickey, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=H2AX:+functional+roles+and+potential+applications.">H2AX: functional roles and potential applications.</a> Chromosoma. 118 (6), 683-692 (2009).</li><li>Kim, J. A., Kruhlak, M., Dotiwala, F., Nussenzweig, A., Haber, J. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heterochromatin+is+refractory+to+gamma-H2AX+modification+in+yeast+and+mammals.">Heterochromatin is refractory to gamma-H2AX modification in yeast and mammals.</a> J Cell Biol. 178 (2), 209-218 (2007).</li><li>Cowell, I. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=gammaH2AX+foci+form+preferentially+in+euchromatin+after+ionising-radiation.">gammaH2AX foci form preferentially in euchromatin after ionising-radiation.</a> PLoS One. 2 (10), e1057-e1057 (2007).</li><li>Kinner, A., Wu, W., Staudt, C., &amp;amp, I. l. i. a. k. i. s., G, . <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gamma-H2AX+in+recognition+and+signaling+of+DNA+double-strand+breaks+in+the+context+of+chromatin.">Gamma-H2AX in recognition and signaling of DNA double-strand breaks in the context of chromatin.</a> Nucleic Acids Res. 36 (17), 5678-5694 (2008).</li><li>Vasireddy, R. S., Karagiannis, T. C., El-Osta, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=gamma-radiation-induced+gammaH2AX+formation+occurs+preferentially+in+actively+transcribing+euchromatic+loci.">gamma-radiation-induced gammaH2AX formation occurs preferentially in actively transcribing euchromatic loci.</a> Cell Mol Life Sci. 67 (2), 291-294 (2010).</li><li>Goodarzi, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ATM+signaling+facilitates+repair+of+DNA+double-strand+breaks+associated+with+heterochromatin.">ATM signaling facilitates repair of DNA double-strand breaks associated with heterochromatin.</a> Mol Cell. 31 (2), 167-177 (2008).</li></ol>

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		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
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<tr>
<td>Roswell Park Memorial Institute -1640 (RPMI-1640)</td>
<td>Growth medium</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>22400071</td>
<td>RPMI-1640, pH 7.4 medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine, 2mM L-glutamine, 20&#x03BC;g/ml gentamicin, 20mM (HEPES) N-2-Hydroxyethylpiperazine-N&#x2019;-2-Ethanesulfonic Acid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>F2442</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>A7906</td>
<td>BSA (1%) is used to block any non-specific antibody binding. Primary and secondary antibodies are diluted in BSA.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PBS (without Ca2+ and Mg2+)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>17-517Q</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Trypan blue</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
<td>T6146</td>
<td>Used to distinguish between live and dead cells.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Triton X-100</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>T8787</td>
<td>Triton X-100 (0.1%) used to permeabilise cells.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Paraformaldehyde</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>158127</td>
<td>Paraformaldehyde (4%) used to fix cells.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mouse monoclonal anti-phospho histone-H2AX antibody</td>
<td>Primary Antibody</td>
<td>Millipore, USA</td>
<td>16193</td>
<td>Dilution of primary antibody (1:500), in 1% BSA.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HistoneH3 (Mono-methyl K4) </td>
<td>Primary Antibody</td>
<td>Abcam, Cambridge, UK</td>
<td>AB8895</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L)</td>
<td>Secondary Antibody</td>
<td>Invitrogen, USA</td>
<td>11029</td>
<td>Dilution of secondary antibody (1:500), in 1% BSA.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alexa Fluor 546 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L)</td>
<td>Secondary Antibody</td>
<td>Invitrogen, USA</td>
<td>11035</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>TOPRO3</td>
<td>DNA Stain</td>
<td>Invitrogen, USA</td>
<td>T3605</td>
<td>TOPRO3 is a DNA dye with an Abs/Em of 642/661 nm. DAPI could be used if the confocal microscope is equipped with a 405 nm laser. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ProLong Gold </td>
<td>Anti-fade solution</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>P36930</td>
<td>This glycerol based mounting medium must be used with an oil based lense that matches its refractive index.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Polylysine slides</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Menzel-Gl&#228;ser, Germany</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Coverslips (22x50mm)</td>
<td>Coverslips</td>
<td>Menzel-Gl&#228;ser, Germany</td>
<td>CS2250100</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Tissue Culture Flask, Vented Cap</td>
<td>Culture Flask</td>
<td>BD Falcon</td>
<td>353112</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Shandon Cytospin 4</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>ThermoElectron Corp</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Cytofunnels</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Shandon, Inc.</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Filter Cards </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Shandon, Inc</td>
<td>353025</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Coplin Jar, glass</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Grale Scientific P/L</td>
<td>1771-OG</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Staining Trough</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Grale Scientific P/L</td>
<td>V1991.99</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>PAP Pen</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Zymed Laboratories, Invitrogen</td>
<td> 008877</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Gammacell 1000 Elite Irradiator</td>
<td>Gamma Irradiator</td>
<td>Nordion International Inc.</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Zeiss LSM 510 Meta Confocal</td>
<td>Confocal Microscope</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Equipped with 3 lasers: 488 nm, 543 nm and 633 nm.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Metamorph</td>
<td>Software for Imaging analysis</td>
<td>Molecular Devices, USA</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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evaluation of the spatial distribution of &gamma;h2ax following ionizing radiation

早期的分子反应，DNA双链断裂（DSB的）磷酸化的SER - 139内的组蛋白H2AX 1,2终端SQEY图案的残留。 H2AX的磷酸化介导的磷脂，inosito 3 -激酶（PI3K）的蛋白质家族，共济失调毛细血管扩张症（ATM）的突变，DNA -蛋白激酶催化亚基，ATM和相关RAD3（ATR）的3。 H2AX的磷酸化形式，简称为γH2AX，蔓延到邻近地区的染色质的DSB网站，形成离散灶，很容易由3 immunofluorecence显微镜可视化。分析和定量γH2AX灶已被广泛用于评估DSB的形成和修复，特别是在电离辐射和评估各种修改化合物和细胞毒素化合物4辐射的功效， 。 鉴于这种双链断裂从头标志的精美的特异性和灵敏度，它在染色质中的DNA损伤和修复的过程提供新的见解。例如，在辐射生物学中心的范例是核DNA与放射敏感性的关键目标。事实上，在该领域的普遍共识在很大程度上被认为染色均匀的模板为DNA损伤与修复。然而，与γH2AX作为分子标记，DNA双链断裂，在γ射线照射，诱导γH2AX灶在常染色质和异染色质的形成悬殊的使用已被观察到5-7。最近，我们使用的抗体面板，无论是单，双或三甲基化组蛋白H3赖氨酸9（H3K9me1，H3K9me2，H3K9me3）后生印记构异染色质和转录沉默和赖氨酸4（H3K4me1，H3K4me2，H3K4me3 ），这是密切相关的积极抄写常染色质区域，调查γH2AX的空间分布， 电离辐射8。按照当时的想法，关于染色质生物学，我们的研究结果表明γH2AX的形成和活跃转录9之间的密切相关。在这里，我们展示了非贴壁细胞中γH2AX灶的检测和定量的免疫方法，特别注重与其他的表观遗传标记，图像分析和三维建模与合作本地化。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of Î³H2AX following Ionizing Radiation at JoVE.com

Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of &#947;H2AX following Ionizing Radiation

微观分析γH2AX灶，形成以下丝氨酸139磷酸化H2AX在DNA双链断裂，已成为辐射生物学中的一个非常宝贵的工具。在这里，我们使用一种抗体，单甲基化的组蛋白H3赖氨酸4作为一个积极抄写常染色质的表观遗传标记，以评估辐射诱导γH2AX形成的细胞核内的空间分布。

评价以下电离辐射的空间分布的γH2AX

An early molecular response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is phosphorylation of the Ser-139 residue within the terminal SQEY motif of the histone ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of &gamma;H2AX following Ionizing Radiation

Quantification of &gamma;H2AX Foci in Response to Ionising Radiation

Quantification of &#947;H2AX Foci in Response to Ionising Radiation

电离辐射的反应定量的γH2AX灶

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which are induced by either endogenous metabolic processes or by exogenous sources, are one of the most critical DNA ...

科研

生物学

The Production of C. elegans Transgenes via Recombineering with the galK Selectable Marker

The Production of C. elegans Transgenes via Recombineering with the galK Selectable Marker

生产 C。线虫</em通过重组工程与转基因 galK选择标记

The creation of transgenic animals is widely utilized in C. elegans research including the use of GFP fusion proteins to study the regulation and ...

The Slice Culture Method for Following Development of Tooth Germs In Explant Culture

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Explant culture allows manipulation of developing organs at specific time points&#160;and is therefore an important method for the developmental ...

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全球合成的RNA在单细胞水平以下的低氧分析

Hypoxia or lowering of the oxygen availability is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. At the molecular level, cells initiate a ...

Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System

成像使用烟草瞬时表达系统MAPK信号通路的空间重组

Visualization of dynamic signaling events in live cells has been a challenge. We expanded an established transient expression system, the biomolecular ...

Analysis of SCAP N-glycosylation and Trafficking in Human Cells

Analysis of SCAP N-glycosylation and Trafficking in Human Cells

SCAP分析<em&gt;ñ</em&gt; -glycosylation和贩卖人体细胞

Elevated lipogenesis is a common characteristic of cancer and metabolic diseases. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), a family of ...

The Use of Ex Vivo Whole-organ Imaging and Quantitative Tissue Histology to Determine the Bio-distribution of Fluorescently Labeled Molecules

The Use of Ex Vivo Whole-organ Imaging and Quantitative Tissue Histology to Determine the Bio-distribution of Fluorescently Labeled Molecules

指某东西的用途<em&gt;离体</em&gt;全器官成像和定量组织组织学确定荧光标记分子的生物分布

Fluorescent labeling is a well-established process for examining the fate of labeled molecules under a variety of experimental conditions both in vitro ...

Quantification of Lipid Abundance and Evaluation of Lipid Distribution in Caenorhabditis elegans by Nile Red and Oil Red O Staining

Quantification of Lipid Abundance and Evaluation of Lipid Distribution in Caenorhabditis elegans by Nile Red and Oil Red O Staining

尼罗红与油红 O 染色法测定秀丽线虫的脂质丰度及脂质分布评价

Caenorhabditis elegans is an exceptional model organism in which to study lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. Many of its lipid genes are conserved ...

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities

使用矫形器（40-300 kV）X射线设施进行细胞辐照的测定

The importance of dosimetry protocols and standards for radiobiological studies is self-evident. Several protocols have been proposed for dose ...

Determining the Toxicity of UV Radiation and Chemicals on Primary and Immortalized Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

确定紫外线辐射和化学物质对原代和永生化的人角膜上皮细胞的毒性

This article describes the methods of measuring the toxicity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and ocular toxins on primary (pHCEC) and immortalized (iHCEC) ...