Name: patch clamp and perfusion techniques for studying ion channels expressed in xenopus oocytes
Uploaded: 2011-01-10T18:10:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes at JoVE.com

Este trabalho foi financiado pelo National Institutes of Health bolsas R01-R01-HL70393 e NS060706 para JCJC é um professor de engenharia biomédica na T. Spencer Olin Endowment.

1. Injeção de mRNA em oócitos <ol><li> Injetar 0,05-50 ng de RNA mensageiro que foi transcrita in vitro em oócitos Xenopus laevis (estágio V-VI), utilizando Nanoject II Auto-nanolitros Injector (Drummond empresa Scientific, modelo 3-000-204). Repetir a injecção em uma dúzia de ovócitos para cada mRNA. </li><li> Enxágüe os oócitos injetados duas vezes com solução ND-96 (96 mM de cloreto de sódio (NaCl, deputado 58,44 g / mol), 2 mM de cloreto de potássio (KCl, deputado 74,56 g / mol), ...

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	<li>Methfessel, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Patch+clamp+measurements+on+Xenopus+laevis+oocytes:+currents+through+endogenous+channels+and+implanted+acetylcholine+receptor+and+sodium+channels.">Patch clamp measurements on Xenopus laevis oocytes: currents through endogenous channels and implanted acetylcholine receptor and sodium channels.</a> Pfl&#252;gers Arch. 407, 577-588 (1986).</li><li>Toro, L., Wallner, M., Meera, P., Tanaka, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Maxi-K+(Ca),+Unique+Member+of+the+Voltage-Gated+K+Channel+Superfamily.">Maxi-K (Ca), Unique Member of the Voltage-Gated K Channel Superfamily.</a> News Physiol. Sci. 13, 112-117 (1998).</li><li>Fettiplace, R., Fuchs, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanisms+of+hair+cell+tuning.">Mechanisms of hair cell tuning.</a> Annu. Rev. Physiol. 61, 809-834 (1999).</li><li>Du, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Calcium-sensitive+potassium+channelopathy+in+human+epilepsy+and+paroxysmal+movement+disorder.">Calcium-sensitive potassium channelopathy in human epilepsy and paroxysmal movement disorder.</a> Nat. Genet. 37, 733-738 (2005).</li><li>Ledoux, J., Werner, M. E., Brayden, J. E., Nelson, M. T., T, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Calcium-activated+potassium+channels+and+the+regulation+of+vascular+tone.">Calcium-activated potassium channels and the regulation of vascular tone.</a> Physiology (Bethesda). 21, 69-78 (2006).</li><li>Salkoff, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-conductance+potassium+channels+of+the+SLO+family.">High-conductance potassium channels of the SLO family.</a> Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 921-931 (2006).</li><li>Shi, J., Cui, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intracellular+Mg2++enhances+the+function+of+BK-type+Ca2+-activated+K++channels.">Intracellular Mg2+ enhances the function of BK-type Ca2+-activated K+ channels.</a> J. Gen. Physiol. 118, 589-606 (2001).</li><li>Magleby, K. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gating+mechanism+of+BK+(Slo1)+channels:+so+near,+yet+so+far.">Gating mechanism of BK (Slo1) channels: so near, yet so far.</a> J. Gen. Physiol. 121, 81-96 (2003).</li><li>Latorre, R., Brauchi, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Large+conductance+Ca2+-activated+K++(BK)+channel:+activation+by+Ca2++and+voltage.">Large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel: activation by Ca2+ and voltage.</a> Biol. Res. 39, 385-401 (2006).</li><li>Cox, D. H., Cui, J., Aldrich, R. W., W, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Allosteric+gating+of+a+large+conductance+Ca-activated+K++channel.">Allosteric gating of a large conductance Ca-activated K+ channel.</a> J. Gen. Physiol. 110, 257-281 (1997).</li><li>Cui, J., Aldrich, R. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Allosteric+linkage+between+voltage+and+Ca2+-dependent+activation+of+BK-type+mslo1.">Allosteric linkage between voltage and Ca2+-dependent activation of BK-type mslo1.</a> K+ channels. Biochemistry. 39, 15612-15619 (2000).</li><li>Yang, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Activation+of+Slo1+BK+channels+by+Mg2++coordinated+between+the+voltage+sensor+and+RCK1.">Activation of Slo1 BK channels by Mg2+ coordinated between the voltage sensor and RCK1.</a> 15, 1152-1159 (2008).</li><li>Lee, U. S., Cui, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term={beta}+subunit-specific+modulations+of+BK+channel+function+by+a+mutation+associated+with+epilepsy+and+dyskinesia.">{beta} subunit-specific modulations of BK channel function by a mutation associated with epilepsy and dyskinesia.</a> J. Physiol. , 587-1481 (2009).</li></ol>

O sistema de expressão de ovócitos é ideal para a caracterização eletrofisiológica de canais voltagem-dependentes de íons devido ao fundo relativamente baixo de canais endógena. Além disso, uma vez que é um sistema de expressão transitória, ela fornece um método eficiente de realizar estudo de mutagênese destes canais. No entanto, deve-se notar que o sistema de expressão de ovócitos é diferente do que em células de mamíferos, assim, pode haver diferenças na modificação pós-traducional e associaç?...

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		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
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<tr>
<td>Nanoject II Auto-Nanoliter Injector</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Drummond Scientific Company</td>
<td>3-000-204</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>P-97 Flaming/Brown Micropipette Puller</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sutter Instruments</td>
<td>P-97</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Perfusion System and Electronic Controller</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>AutoMate Scientific, Inc.</td>
<td>ValveLink 16</td>
<td>Inner diameter of perfusion tip: 100 microns</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Inverted Microscope</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Olympus</td>
<td>CKX31</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Glass Pipettes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>VWR International</td>
<td>53432-921</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Flaming/Brown Micropipette Puller</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sutter Instrument Co.</td>
<td>P-97</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Amplifier</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Axon Instruments</td>
<td>AXOPATCH 200B</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Computer Interface</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>INSTRUTECH Corporation</td>
<td>ITC-18</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Headstage</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Axon Instruments</td>
<td>CV 203BU</td>
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patch clamp and perfusion techniques for studying ion channels expressed in xenopus oocytes

O protocolo aqui apresentado foi concebido para estudar a ativação da condutância grande tensão e Ca 2 +-K + ativados (BK) canais. O protocolo também pode ser usado para estudar a relação estrutura-função de canais iônicos e outros receptores de neurotransmissores 1. Canais BK são amplamente expressos em diferentes tecidos e têm sido implicados em muitas funções fisiológicas, incluindo a regulação da contração do músculo liso, Afinação da frequência de células ciliadas internas e regulação da liberação de neurotransmissores 2-6. BK canais são ativados por despolarização da membrana e por Ca 2 + intracelular e Mg 2 + 6-9. Portanto, o protocolo é projetado para controlar a tensão de membrana ea solução intracelular. Neste protocolo, o RNA mensageiro dos canais BK é injetado dentro de oócitos Xenopus laevis (estágio V-VI), seguido de 2-5 dias de incubação a 18 ° C 10-13. Remendos da membrana que contêm um ou vários canais BK são excisadas com a configuração de dentro para fora usando técnicas de patch-clamp 10-13. O lado intracelular do patch é perfundido com soluções desejadas durante a gravação de modo que a ativação de canais em diferentes condições podem ser examinados. Para resumir, o mRNA de canais BK é injetado dentro de oócitos Xenopus laevis para expressar proteínas canal na membrana do oócito; técnicas de patch clamp são usados ​​para gravar correntes que fluem através dos canais sob tensão controlada e soluções intracelular.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes at JoVE.com

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Corrente iônica de canais BK é gravado usando técnicas de patch clamp. Canais BK são expressos em<em&gt; Oócitos Xenopus</em&gt; Através da injeção de RNA mensageiro. A solução intracelular durante gravações de patch clamp é controlado por um sistema de perfusão.

Grampo patch e Técnicas de Perfusão para estudar canais iônicos Expresso em Xenopus Oócitos

The protocol presented here is designed to study the activation of the large conductance, voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels. The protocol may ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Methods for Patch Clamp Capacitance Recordings from the Calyx

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We demonstrate the basic techniques for presynaptic patch clamp recording at the calyx of Held, a mammalian central nervous system nerve terminal. ...

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Since its development by Sakmann and Neher 1, 2, the patch clamp has become established as an extremely useful technique for electrophysiological ...

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Pressure-polishing is a method for shaping glass pipettes for patch-clamp recording.  We first developed this method for fabricating pipettes suitable for ...

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Microinjeção de Oócitos Xenopus laevis

Microinjection of Xenopus laevis oocytes followed by thin-sectioning electron microscopy (EM) is an excellent system for studying nucleocytoplasmic ...

Visualizing RNA Localization in Xenopus Oocytes

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Visualizando Localização RNA em Xenopus Oócitos

RNA localization is a conserved mechanism of establishing cell polarity.  Vg1 mRNA localizes to the vegetal pole of Xenopus laevis oocytes and acts to ...

Mutagenesis and Functional Analysis of Ion Channels Heterologously Expressed in Mammalian Cells

Mutagênese e Análise Funcional de canais iônicos Heterologously Expresso em células de mamíferos

We will demonstrate how to study the functional effects of introducing a point mutation in an ion channel. We study G protein-gated inwardly rectifying ...

Giant Liposome Preparation for Imaging and Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology

Preparação de lipossomas gigantes por Imagem e patch-clamp Eletrofisiologia

The reconstitution of ion channels into chemically defined lipid membranes for electrophysiological recording has been a powerful technique to identify ...

The Xenopus Oocyte Cut-open Vaseline Gap Voltage-clamp Technique With Fluorometry

The Xenopus Oocyte Cut-open Vaseline Gap Voltage-clamp Technique With Fluorometry

O<em&gt; Xenopus</em&gt; Oocyte Cut-aberto vaselina Gap Técnica Voltage-clamp Com Fluorometria

The cut-open oocyte Vaseline gap (COVG) voltage clamp technique allows for analysis of electrophysiological and kinetic properties of heterologous ion ...

One-channel Cell-attached Patch-clamp Recording

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Ion channel proteins are universal devices for fast communication across biological membranes. The temporal signature of the ionic flux they generate ...

Reconstitution of a Transmembrane Protein, the Voltage-gated Ion Channel, KvAP, into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles for Microscopy and Patch Clamp Studies

Reconstituição de uma proteína transmembrana, a voltagem-Ion Channel, KvAP, em Gigante Unilamelares Vesicles para microscopia e de Patch Estudos Grampo

Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) are a popular biomimetic system for studying membrane associated phenomena. However, commonly used protocols to grow ...