Name: agar-block microcosms for controlled plant tissue decomposition by aerobic fungi
Uploaded: 2011-02-03T17:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Agar-Block Microcosms for Controlled Plant Tissue Decomposition by Aerobic Fungi at JoVE.com

本议定书适用于木质和非木质基材，概述，以及烤箱或风干的材料。通读协议第一，但是，在设置。有几点提出，可能适用于您的研究，需要规划这些点（下划线）。另外，还要注意有两个琼脂块，偶尔使用的方法，一个英国标准838和其他国际木材保护研究组（IRG - WP）英勇勋章（1978年）提交的文件。类似方法838，与修改，主要的缩影设计和控制的琼脂培养基，但再次，这两种方法往往是避免由?...

<ol>
	<li>ASTM D1413-07. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Standard+test+method+for+testing+wood+preservatives+by+laboratory+soil-block+cultures.+.">Standard test method for testing wood preservatives by laboratory soil-block cultures. .</a> Annual Book of ASTM Standards. , 185-192 (2007).</li><li>Bravery, A. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> A miniaturized wood block for the rapid evaluation of wood preservative fungicides. , (1978).</li><li>Low, G. A., Young, M. E., Martin, P., Palfreyman, J. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessing+the+relationship+between+the+dry+rot+fungus+Serpula+lacrymans+and+selected+forms+of+masonry.">Assessing the relationship between the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans and selected forms of masonry.</a> Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 46, 141-150 (2000).</li><li>Nicolas, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Volume+I+(One/1)+-+Degradation+and+Protection+of+Wood+(Syracuse+Wood+Science+Series+#5).">Volume I (One/1) - Degradation and Protection of Wood (Syracuse Wood Science Series #5).</a> Wood Deterioration and Its Prevention by Preservative Treatments. , (1973).</li><li>Schilling, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+calcium-based+materials+and+iron+impurities+on+wood+degradation+by+the+brown+rot+fungus+Serpula+lacrymans.">Effects of calcium-based materials and iron impurities on wood degradation by the brown rot fungus Serpula lacrymans.</a> Holzforschung. 64, 93-99 (2010).</li></ol>

使用我们的琼脂块的设置（图1）Serpula lacrymans增长与石膏表面和成木块（图2）直接接触，导致60％以上的减肥控制褐色腐烂的松木块（图3 ）。这很容易满足ASTM标准的目标，&gt; 50％的衰减，和16周的平均变异系数 （五）在衰变时0.055。这个数据是发表在7林女士。同样，其他真菌比在土壤块将需要更长的的琼脂块孵化。作为参考，我们已经成功地运行在过去几个实验类似的?...

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		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
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<tr>
<td>Petri dishes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Nunc</td>
<td>4014</td>
<td>25 x 150 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Agar, Type A</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>A4550</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Millinckrodt</td>
<td>3436-12</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Potassium phosphate, KH2PO4</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>J.T. Baker</td>
<td>3246-01</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Magnesium sulfate 7-hydrate, MgSO4&bull;7H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>230391</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>D-(+)-Glucose</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>G8270</td>
<td>Dextrose</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Boric acid, H3BO4</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Mallinckrodt</td>
<td>2549-04</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Zinc sulfate 7-hydrate, ZnSO4&bull;7H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Mallinckrodt</td>
<td>8880-12</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Manganous chloride 4-hydrate, MnCl2&bull;4H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>J.T. Baker</td>
<td>2540-04</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Copper(II) sulfate 5-hydrate, CuSO4&bull;5H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>209198</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Ammonium heptamolybdate 4-hydrate, (NH4)6Mo7O24&bull;4H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>431346</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Calcium chloride dihydrate, CaCl2&bull;2H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Mallinckrodt</td>
<td>4160-12</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Sodium chloride, NaCl</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Mallinckrodt</td>
<td>7581-12</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Ferrous sulfate 7-hydrate, FeSO4&bull;7H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Mallinckrodt</td>
<td>5056-12</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Pipet-aid</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Drummond</td>
<td>4-000-110</td>
<td>Cordless 
EtOH the surface</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10 ml sterile polystyrene pipette</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>BD Biosciences</td>
<td>357551</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Gutter Guard</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermwell Products Co.</td>
<td>VX620</td>
<td>Pre-scrubbed with soap 
Hardware store</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4&bull;0.5H2O</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Acros Organics</td>
<td>385355000</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>#4 cork borer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Boekel</td>
<td>1601</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Parafilm "M"</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Pechiney</td>
<td>PM-996</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
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agar-block microcosms for controlled plant tissue decomposition by aerobic fungi

研究真菌生物降解木质纤维素的植物组织的两个主要方法是开发木材防腐剂测试（块土;琼脂块）。这是广为接受的土壤块缩影收益率更高的衰减率，更少的水分问题，研究之间的变异较低，防腐剂的毒性较高的阈值。土壤块测试，因此更利用的技术，并已通过美国测试和材料协会（ASTM），（方法D 1413年至1407年）的标准化。土壤块的设计也有缺点，但是，使用本地变量的土壤来源和限制了营养素外部（外生）的控制，以腐烂组织。这些弊端已经成为一个问题，在采用此方法等，日益流行的研究目的。这些现代化的目标包括：有辱人格的lignocellulosics生物能源的研究，试验的共同代谢的有毒物质的生物修复，沿菌丝网络评估氧化机制，跟踪易位元素。土壤块不适合在这些应用中足够的控制。精致的琼脂块的方法是必要的。 在这里，我们使用的褐腐病木材降解菌Serpula lacrymans的降解木在琼脂块的缩影，采用深低钙琼脂培养皿中。我们测试在时间序列的衰减作用外源性石膏，证明效用和预期的变化。块空调从一个单一的板RIP（纵向削减），称重，高压灭菌，并介绍上盖塑料网无菌。真菌接种在每个块面，石膏外源性接口添加。无菌操作，直到最后的破坏性收获的收成。这些微观世界的设计，以避免与琼脂培养皿墙块接触。凝结在板盆满钵满，孵化过程中的最小化。最后，接种/石膏/木间距最小化，但没有允许接触。这些技术方面的琼脂块的设计也最常见的原因失败和研究之间的变异的主要来源。视频有益的出版物，因此在这种情况下，我们展示了低可变性，高品质的结果。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Agar-Block Microcosms for Controlled Plant Tissue Decomposition by Aerobic Fungi at JoVE.com

Agar-Block Microcosms for Controlled Plant Tissue Decomposition by Aerobic Fungi

本视频演示了一个受控环境中的方法来研究好氧菌降解木质纤维素的植物组织。 ，控制养分来源和水分的能力是一个关键优势的琼脂块的缩影，但是这种方法往往产生成败参半。我们解决关键缺陷产生重现性好，低变异的结果。

为控制植物组织分解好氧菌的琼脂块缩影

The two principal methods for studying fungal biodegradation of lignocellulosic plant tissues were developed for wood preservative testing (soil-block; ...

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