Name: a 96 well microtiter plate-based method for monitoring formation and antifungal susceptibility testing of candida albicans biofilms
Uploaded: 2010-10-21T00:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A 96 Well Microtiter Plate-based Method for Monitoring Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida albicans Biofilms at JoVE.com

Biofilme relacionadas ao trabalho no laboratório é financiado por verbas numeradas e R21DE017294 R21AI080930 do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa Dental e Craniofacial e do Instituto Nacional de Alergia e Doenças Infecciosas (para JLL-R.). O conteúdo é da exclusiva responsabilidade dos autores e não representam, necessariamente, a posição oficial do NIDCR, o NIAID ou o NIH.

1. Preparação de C. albicans C. albicans é um microorganismo 1/BSL1 Risk Group. Lembre-se sempre ao bom uso de técnicas assépticas / estéril para trabalhar com este microorganismo e seguir os procedimentos institucionais para o descarte adequado de materiais de risco biológico. <ol><li> Prepare uma cultura overnight de C. albicans em YPD médio (Yeast peptonada Dextrose) líquido através da inoculação de uma única colônia de C. albicans em 25...

<ol>
	<li>Bachmann, S. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+activity+of+caspofungin+against+Candida+albicans+biofilms.">In vitro activity of caspofungin against Candida albicans biofilms.</a> Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 46, 3591-3596 (2002).</li><li>Hawser, S. P., Norris, H., Jessup, C. J., Ghannoum, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+a+2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-t+etrazolium+hydroxide+(XTT)+colorimetric+method+with+the+standardized+National+Committee+for+Clinical+Laboratory+Standards+method+of+testing+clinical+yeast+isolates+for+susceptibility+to+antifungal+agents.">Comparison of a 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-t etrazolium hydroxide (XTT) colorimetric method with the standardized National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards method of testing clinical yeast isolates for susceptibility to antifungal agents.</a> J Clin Microbiol. 36, 1450-1452 (1998).</li><li>Kuhn, D. M., Balkis, M., Chandra, J., Mukherjee, P. K., Ghannoum, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Uses+and+limitations+of+the+XTT+assay+in+studies+of+Candida+growth+and+metabolism.">Uses and limitations of the XTT assay in studies of Candida growth and metabolism.</a> J Clin Microbiol. 41, 506-508 (2003).</li><li>Kuhn, D. M., George, T., Chandra, J., Mukherjee, P. K., Ghannoum, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antifungal+susceptibility+of+Candida+biofilms:+Unique+efficacy+of+amphotericin+B+lipid+formulations+and+echinocandins.">Antifungal susceptibility of Candida biofilms: Unique efficacy of amphotericin B lipid formulations and echinocandins.</a> Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46, 1773-1780 (2002).</li><li>Nobile, C. J., Mitchell, A. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=C.+albicans+transcription+factor+Bcr1p:+a+regulator+of+cell-surface+genes+and+biofilm+formation.">C. albicans transcription factor Bcr1p: a regulator of cell-surface genes and biofilm formation.</a> Current Biol. 15, 1150-1155 (2005).</li><li>Ramage, G., Saville, S. P., Thomas, D. P., Lopez-Ribot, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+biofilms:+an+update.">Candida biofilms: an update.</a> Eukaryot Cell. 4, 633-638 (2005).</li><li>Ramage, G., Vande Walle, K., Wickes, B. L., p, B. L., Lopez-Ribot, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Standardized+method+for+in+vitro+antifungal+susceptibility+testing+of+Candida+albicans+biofilms.">Standardized method for in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida albicans biofilms.</a> Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 45, 2475-2479 (2001).</li><li>Bachmann, S. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antifungal+combinations+against+Candida+albicans+biofilms+in+vitro.">Antifungal combinations against Candida albicans biofilms in vitro.</a> Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 47, 3657-3659 (2003).</li><li>Ramage, G., VandeWalle, K., Bachmann, S. P., Wickes, B. L., Lopez-Ribot, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+pharmacodynamic+properties+of+three+antifungal+agents+against+preformed+Candida+albicans+biofilms+determined+by+time-kill+studies.">In vitro pharmacodynamic properties of three antifungal agents against preformed Candida albicans biofilms determined by time-kill studies.</a> Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 46, 3634-3636 (2002).</li><li>Ramage, G., VandeWalle, K., Wickes, B. L., L&#243;pez-Ribot, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characteristics+of+biofilm+formation+by+Candida+albicans.">Characteristics of biofilm formation by Candida albicans.</a> Rev. Iberoam. Micol. 18, 163-170 (2001).</li><li>Tellier, R., Krajden, M., Grigoriew, G. A., Campbell, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Innovative+endpoint+determination+system+for+antifungal+susceptibility+testing+of+yeasts.">Innovative endpoint determination system for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts.</a> Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 36, 1619-1625 (1992).</li><li>Nett, J., Andes, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candida+albicans+biofilm+development,+modeling+a+host-pathogen+interaction.">Candida albicans biofilm development, modeling a host-pathogen interaction.</a> Curr Opin Microbiol. 9, 340-345 (2006).</li></ol>

Aqui nós descrevemos um método simples, rápido, econômico e altamente reprodutível 96 modelo da placa de microtitulação bem para a formação de biofilmes de Candida juntamente com um método colorimétrico que mede a atividade metabólica de células dentro do biofilme usando XTT. Este modelo de 96 placa de microtitulação bem para a formação de biofilme foi originalmente desenvolvido para C. albicans, mas pode ser usado para outras Candida spp. e facilmente adaptado para outros org...

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		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Sabouraud-dextrose agar</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Becton Dickinson</td>
<td>211584</td>
<td>To prepare plates for fresh subcultures of fungal isolates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>YPD: Yeast peptone dextrose</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>US Biological </td>
<td>Y2076</td>
<td>Medium for propagation of overnight liquid cultures</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RPMI-1640 without sodium bicarbonate supplemented with L-glutamine</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Cellgro</td>
<td>50-020-PB</td>
<td>Liquid medium for biofilm formation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Morpholinepropanesulfonic acid (MOPS)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher</td>
<td>BP308</td>
<td>To buffer RPMI 1640</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Phosphate buffered saline, PBS</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>P4417</td>
<td>Buffer for washes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XTT sodium salt</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>X4251</td>
<td>See above for preparation instructions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ringer's lactate</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Hospira</td>
<td>NDC0409-7953-09</td>
<td>For preparation of XTT solution</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Menadione</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>M5625</td>
<td>Caution: hazardous by skin contact, inhalation or ingestion</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Petri dishes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher</td>
<td>08-757-12</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>15 ml conical centrifuge tubes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Corning</td>
<td>430790</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>50 ml conical centrifuge tubes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Corning</td>
<td>430828</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>96 well microtiter plates: Polystyrene, flat-bottomed, tissue culture treated</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Corning</td>
<td>3595</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Multichannel pipette and tips</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Eppendorf</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Incubator</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Any</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Microtiter plate reader</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Any</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

a 96 well microtiter plate-based method for monitoring formation and antifungal susceptibility testing of candida albicans biofilms

Candida albicans continua a ser a causa mais freqüente de infecções fúngicas em uma população em expansão de pacientes comprometidos e candidíase é agora o terceiro mais comum de infecção nos hospitais dos EUA. Diferentes manifestações da candidíase são associados com a formação de biofilme, tanto em tecidos do hospedeiro e / ou dispositivos médicos (cateteres, por exemplo). Formação de biofilme carrega negativas implicações clínicas, como as células dentro do biofilme estão protegidos das respostas imune do hospedeiro e da ação de antifúngicos. Nós desenvolvemos um modelo simples, rápido e robusto in vitro para a formação de C. biofilmes albicans utilizando 96 poços de microtitulação-pratos, que também pode ser usado para testes de susceptibilidade antifúngica do biofilme. A leitura deste ensaio é colorimétrico, baseado na redução de XTT (um sal de tetrazólio) por células metabolicamente ativas biofilme fúngicas. Um experimento típico dura cerca de 24 h para a formação de biofilme, com 24 h adicionais para testes de susceptibilidade antifúngica. Devido à sua simplicidade e à utilização de materiais de laboratório comumente disponíveis e equipamento, esta técnica democratiza pesquisa biofilme e representa um passo importante para a padronização dos testes de susceptibilidade antifúngica de biofilmes de fungos.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A 96 Well Microtiter Plate-based Method for Monitoring Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida albicans Biofilms at JoVE.com

A 96 Well Microtiter Plate-based Method for Monitoring Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida albicans Biofilms

Nós descrevemos um método simples, rápido e robusto para a formação de<em&gt; Candida albicans</em&gt; Biofilmes usando 96 placas de microtitulação bem e sua utilidade em testes de susceptibilidade antifúngica de células dentro de biofilmes.

A 96 Bem microtitulação Método da Placa com base para a Formação Monitoramento e Teste de susceptibilidade antifúngica de Candida albicans Biofilmes

Candida albicans remains the most frequent cause of fungal infections in an expanding population of compromised patients and candidiasis is now the third ...

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Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is performed to assess the in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against various bacteria. The AST results, ...

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Here, we present a protocol to assess the outcomes of per diem red light treatment on the growth of Candida albicans biofilm. To increase the planktonic ...

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The microbial fungus Candida albicans can undergo a change from commensal colonization to virulence that is strongly correlated with its ability to switch ...

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