Name: combination of adhesive-tape-based sampling and fluorescence in situ hybridization for rapid detection of salmonella on fresh produce
Uploaded: 2010-10-18T17:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce at JoVE.com

इस काम के लिए अनुदान एक विकसित आयोवा मान कोष BFBS पुरस्कार द्वारा प्रदान की गई थी.

1. बाँझ चिपकने वाला टेप के साथ भूतल नमूनाकरण <ol><li> नमूना लेने के लिए उपयोग करने के लिए टेप का चयन करें. व्यावसायिक रूप से उपलब्ध कवक टेप या कांग्रेस - चातुर्य यह नमूना टेप बाँझ और उपयोग में आसानी के लिए विशे?...

<ol>
	<li>Almeida, C., Azevedo, N. F., Fernandes, R. M., Keevil, C. W., Vieira, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescence+in+situ+hybridization+method+using+a+peptide+nucleic+acid+probe+for+the+identification+of+Salmonella+spp.+in+a+broad+spectrum+of+samples.">Fluorescence in situ hybridization method using a peptide nucleic acid probe for the identification of Salmonella spp. in a broad spectrum of samples.</a> Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76, 4476-4485 (2010).</li><li>Barnetson, R. S., Milne, L. J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skin+sampling+for+Candida+with+adhesive+tape.">Skin sampling for Candida with adhesive tape.</a> Br. J. Dermatol. 88, 487-491 (1973).</li><li>Bisha, B., Brehm-Stecher, B. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simple+adhesive-tape-based+sampling+of+tomato+surfaces+combined+with+rapid+fluorescence+in+situ+hybridization+for+Salmonella+detection.">Simple adhesive-tape-based sampling of tomato surfaces combined with rapid fluorescence in situ hybridization for Salmonella detection.</a> Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75, 1450-1455 .</li><li>Bisha, B., Brehm-Stecher, B. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flow-through+imaging+cytometry+for+characterization+of+Salmonella+subpopulations+in+alfalfa+sprouts,+a+microbiologically+complex+food+system.">Flow-through imaging cytometry for characterization of Salmonella subpopulations in alfalfa sprouts, a microbiologically complex food system.</a> Biotechnol. J. 4, 880-887 (2009).</li><li>Edwards, R. W., Hartman, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simple+technique+for+collecting+fungus+specimens+from+infected+surfaces.">A simple technique for collecting fungus specimens from infected surfaces.</a> Lloydia. 15, 39-39 (1952).</li><li>Evancho, G. M., Sveum, W. H., Moberg, L. J., Frank, J. F., Pouch Downes, F., Ito, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microbiological+monitoring+of+the+food+processing+environment.">Microbiological monitoring of the food processing environment.</a> Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. , (2001).</li><li>Fung, D. Y. C., Lee, C. Y., Kastner, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Adhesive+tape+method+for+estimating+microbial+load+on+meat+surfaces.">Adhesive tape method for estimating microbial load on meat surfaces.</a> J. Food. Prot. 43, 295-297 (1980).</li><li>Kutter, S., Hartmann, A., Schmid, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Colonization+of+barley+(Hordeum+vulgare)+with+Salmonella+enterica+and+Listeria+spp.">Colonization of barley (Hordeum vulgare) with Salmonella enterica and Listeria spp.</a> FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 56, 262-271 (2006).</li><li>La Cono, V., Urz, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescent+in+situ+hybridization+applied+on+samples+taken+with+adhesive+tape+strips.">Fluorescent in situ hybridization applied on samples taken with adhesive tape strips.</a> J. Microbiol. Meth. 55, 65-71 (2003).</li><li>Lakshmanan, C., Schaffner, D. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+and+controlling+microbiological+contamination+of+beverage+dispensers+in+university+foodservice+operations.">Understanding and controlling microbiological contamination of beverage dispensers in university foodservice operations.</a> Food Prot. Trends. 26, 27-31 (2005).</li><li>Langvad, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simple+and+rapid+method+for+qualitative+and+quantitative+study+of+the+fungal+flora+of+leaves.">A simple and rapid method for qualitative and quantitative study of the fungal flora of leaves.</a> Can. J. Microbiol. 26, 666-670 (1980).</li><li>Nordentoft, S., Christensen, H., Wegener, H. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+a+fluorescence-labelled+oligonucleotide+probe+targeting+23S+rRNA+for+in+situ+detection+of+Salmonella+serovars+in+paraffin-embedded+tissue+sections+and+their+rapid+identification+in+bacterial+smears.">Evaluation of a fluorescence-labelled oligonucleotide probe targeting 23S rRNA for in situ detection of Salmonella serovars in paraffin-embedded tissue sections and their rapid identification in bacterial smears.</a> J. Clin. Microbiol. 35, 2642-2648 (1997).</li></ol>

उत्पादन सतहों पर रोगज़नक़ों का पता लगाने के लिए सरल और तेजी से तरीकों में मदद मिल सकती है समय पर और कार्रवाई डेटा उपलब्ध कराने के द्वारा foodborne रोग को कम करने के. 1950 के बाद से चिपकने वाला टेप आधारित नमूने तरी...

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		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Fungi-Tape sampling tape</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Scientific Device Laboratory, Des Plaines, IL</td>
<td>745</td>
<td>http://www.scientificdevice.com/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Con-Tact-It sampling tape</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Birko Corporation, Denver, CO</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>http://www.birkocorp.com/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Clear office tape, generic</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Should be optically clear, have low intrinsic fluorescence</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Food surface</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Local grocery</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Tomatoes (red tomatoes on the vine, not waxed or oiled) used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trypticase Soy Broth</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco, Sparks, MD</td>
<td>211768</td>
<td>For non-selective liquid surface miniculture enrichment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Xylose-lysine-Tergitol 4 agar base</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco, Sparks, MD</td>
<td>223420</td>
<td>For Salmonella-selective agar (XLT-4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Xylose-lysine-Tergitol 4 agar supplement</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco, Sparks, MD</td>
<td>235310</td>
<td>For Salmonella-selective agar (XLT-4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Formalin solution </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>HT5011</td>
<td>10% solution, neutral, buffered (cell fixative)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Absolute ethanol</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>E7023</td>
<td>Molecular biology grade (pre-hybridization dehydration)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1.5 ml microcentrifuge tubes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>RNase- and DNase-free</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Microscope slides and cover slips</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>NaCl solution</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>S5150</td>
<td>Molecular biology grade, 5M solution (hybridization buffer component)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tris-EDTA buffer solution (100X concentrate)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>T9285</td>
<td>1M Tris [pH 8.0], 0.1M EDTA (hybridization buffer component)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sodium dodecyl sulfate solution</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>L4522</td>
<td>10% solution in 18 megohm water (hybridization buffer component)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sal3 and Salm-63 oligonucleotide probes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Integrated DNA Technologies, Coralville, IA</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>5&#x2019;-labeled with 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) or Texas Red (for microscopy) or Cy5 (for cytometry), HPLC-purified</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Variable speed microcentrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Use rotor diameter to calculate RPM needed for RCF values described in protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CoverWell perfusion chamber </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Grace Bio-Labs Inc., Bend, OR</td>
<td>PC1R-2.0</td>
<td>Non-sterile</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gel loading pipette tips (FS MultiFlex)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA</td>
<td>05-408-151</td>
<td>Long, thin tips for easy access to small sampling ports and maneuverability within chamber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Aluminum heat block or precision-controlled heating station</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Eppendorf Thermomixer R dry block heating and cooling shaker used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bambino mini hybridization oven</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Boekel Scientific, Feasterville, PA</td>
<td>Model 230300</td>
<td>Slides are placed in 50 ml polypropylene centrifuge tubes for hybridization, heat transfer not direct</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Slide Moat slide hybridizer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Boekel Scientific, Feasterville, PA</td>
<td>Model 240000</td>
<td>Provides rapid, direct transmission of heat through glass slide</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vectashield H-1200 mounting medium with 4&#x2019;,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Vector Laboratories, Inc., Burlingame, CA</td>
<td>H-1200</td>
<td>Minimizes quenching of fluorescence during microscopy, provides DAPI counterstain</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fluorescence microscope</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Leitz Laborlux S used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital camera</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Canon PowerShot A640 camera used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Image acquisition software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Axiovision software v. 4.6 (Carl Zeiss) used</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Adobe Photoshop</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Adobe Inc.</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>For minimal processing of images (overlay of images taken in different channels)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flow cytometer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>FACSCanto flow cytometer (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA) with red (647 nm) excitation used</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flow cytometry analysis software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>FlowJo software v. 8.7.1 (Tree Star, Inc.) used</td>
</tr>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

combination of adhesive-tape-based sampling and fluorescence in situ hybridization for rapid detection of salmonella on fresh produce

This protocol describes a simple approach for adhesive-tape-based sampling of tomato and other fresh produce surfaces, followed by on-tape fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for rapid culture-independent detection of Salmonella spp. Cell-charged tapes can also be placed face-down on selective agar for solid-phase enrichment prior to detection. Alternatively, low-volume liquid enrichments (liquid surface miniculture) can be performed on the surface of the tape in non-selective broth, followed by FISH and analysis via flow cytometry. To begin, sterile adhesive tape is brought into contact with fresh produce, gentle pressure is applied, and the tape is removed, physically extracting microbes present on these surfaces. Tapes are mounted sticky-side up onto glass microscope slides and the sampled cells are fixed with 10% formalin (30 min) and dehydrated using a graded ethanol series (50, 80, and 95%; 3 min each concentration). Next, cell-charged tapes are spotted with buffer containing a Salmonella-targeted DNA probe cocktail and hybridized for 15 - 30 min at 55&deg;C, followed by a brief rinse in a washing buffer to remove unbound probe. Adherent, FISH-labeled cells are then counterstained with the DNA dye 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and results are viewed using fluorescence microscopy. For solid-phase enrichment, cell-charged tapes are placed face-down on a suitable selective agar surface and incubated to allow in situ growth of Salmonella microcolonies, followed by FISH and microscopy as described above. For liquid surface miniculture, cell-charged tapes are placed sticky side up and a silicone perfusion chamber is applied so that the tape and microscope slide form the bottom of a water-tight chamber into which a small volume (&le; 500 &mu;L) of Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) is introduced. The inlet ports are sealed and the chambers are incubated at 35 - 37&deg;C, allowing growth-based amplification of tape-extracted microbes. Following incubation, inlet ports are unsealed, cells are detached and mixed with vigorous back and forth pipetting, harvested via centrifugation and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Finally, samples are hybridized and examined via flow cytometry to reveal the presence of Salmonella spp. As described here, our "tape-FISH" approach can provide simple and rapid sampling and detection of Salmonella on tomato surfaces. We have also used this approach for sampling other types of fresh produce, including spinach and jalape&ntilde;o peppers.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce at JoVE.com

Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce

इस प्रोटोकॉल टमाटर और अन्य सतहों ताजा उपज के नमूने के लिए एक सरल चिपकने वाला टेप - आधारित दृष्टिकोण, तेजी से पूरे सेल का पता लगाने के द्वारा पीछा किया वर्णन<em&gt; साल्मोनेला</em&gt; प्रतिदीप्ति का उपयोग<em&gt; बगल में</em&gt; संकरण (मछली).

चिपकने वाला टेप आधारित नमूनाकरण और प्रतिदीप्ति का संयोजन बगल में</emरैपिड पता लगाने के लिए> संकरण साल्मोनेला ताजा उपज पर

This protocol describes a simple approach for adhesive-tape-based sampling of tomato and other fresh produce surfaces, followed by on-tape fluorescence in ...

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Immunology and Infection

Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce

Locked Nucleic Acid Flow Cytometry-fluorescence in situ Hybridization (LNA flow-FISH): a Method for Bacterial Small RNA Detection

Locked Nucleic Acid Flow Cytometry-fluorescence in situ Hybridization LNA flow-FISH: a Method for Bacterial Small RNA Detection

ताला न्यूक्लिक एसिड प्रवाह cytometry प्रतिदीप्ति बगल में (LNA के प्रवाह मछली) संकरण: बैक्टीरियल लघु शाही सेना जांच के लिए विधि

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful technique that is used to detect and localize specific nucleic acid sequences in the cellular ...

Hybridization in situ of Salivary Glands, Ovaries, and Embryos of Vector Mosquitoes

Hybridization in situ of Salivary Glands, Ovaries, and Embryos of Vector Mosquitoes

संकरण<em&gt; बगल में</em&gt; लार ग्रंथियों, अंडाशय, और वेक्टर मच्छरों की भ्रूण की

Mosquitoes are vectors for a diverse set of pathogens including arboviruses, protozoan parasites and nematodes.  Investigation of transcripts and gene ...

Fluorescent in situ Hybridization on Mitotic Chromosomes of Mosquitoes

Fluorescent in situ Hybridization on Mitotic Chromosomes of Mosquitoes

प्रतिदीप्ति<em&gt; स्वस्थानी में</emमच्छरों की mitotic गुणसूत्रों पर संकरण

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique routinely used by many laboratories to determine the chromosomal position of DNA and RNA probes. ...

Swab Sampling Method for the Detection of Human Norovirus on Surfaces

पर सतहों मानव Norovirus की जांच के लिए स्वाब नमूने विधि

Human noroviruses are a leading cause of epidemic and sporadic gastroenteritis worldwide. Because most infections are either spread directly via the ...

Fluorescence-based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay to Assess the Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses to The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Class of Antivirals

प्रतिदीप्ति आधारित neuraminidase निषेध परख विषाणु-विरोधी की neuraminidase अवरोध करनेवाला वर्ग के लिए इन्फ्लूएंजा वायरस की संवेदनशीलता का आकलन करने के लिए

The neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors are the only class of antivirals approved for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza that are effective against ...

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Vivo में ऊपरी Airway प्रतिरक्षा-मध्यस्थ स्तर की मात्रा का ठहराव के लिए Mucosal अस्तर द्रव का noninvasive नमूना

This protocol describes noninvasive sampling of undisturbed upper airway mucosal lining fluid. It also details the extraction procedure used prior to the ...

Isolation of Salmonella typhimurium-containing Phagosomes from Macrophages

Isolation of Salmonella typhimurium-containing Phagosomes from Macrophages

अलगाव साल्मोनेला typhimurium-मैक्रोफेज से युक्त Phagosomes का

Salmonella typhimurium is a facultative intracellular bacterium that causes gastroenteritis in humans. After invasion of the lamina propria, S. ...

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

साल्मोनेला एसपीपी की स्क्रीनिंग के लिए एक उच्च प्रवाह मंच./शिगेला एसपीपी.

Fecal-oral transmission of acute gastroenteritis occurs from time to time, especially when people who handled food and water are infected by Salmonella ...

Quantitative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Immunofluorescence (IF) of Specific Gene Products in KSHV-Infected Cells

Quantitative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization FISH and Immunofluorescence IF of Specific Gene Products in KSHV-Infected Cells

मात्रात्मक फ्लोरोसेंट इन सीटू हाइब्रिडाइजेशन (फिश) और केएसएचवी-संक्रमित कोशिकाओं में विशिष्ट जीन उत्पादों के इम्यूनोफ्लोरेसेंस (आईएफ)

Mechanistic insight arrives from careful study and quantification of specific RNAs and proteins. The relative locations of these biomolecules throughout ...

A Rapid Method for Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging of Frozen Tissue Sections

जमे हुए ऊतक वर्गों के मल्टीस्पेक्ट्रल फ्लोरेसेंस इमेजिंग के लिए एक रैपिड विधि

Multispectral fluorescence imaging on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues enables the detection of multiple markers in a single tissue sample ...

चिपकने वाला टेप आधारित नमूनाकरण और प्रतिदीप्ति का संयोजन बगल में संकरण साल्मोनेला ताजा उपज पर

चिपकने वाला टेप आधारित नमूनाकरण और प्रतिदीप्ति का संयोजन बगल में संकरण साल्मोनेला* ताजा उपज पर*