Name: combination of adhesive-tape-based sampling and fluorescence in situ hybridization for rapid detection of salmonella on fresh produce
Uploaded: 2010-10-18T17:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce at JoVE.com

Finansieringen för detta arbete gavs av en Grow Iowa Values ​​Fund utmärkelsen till BFBS.

1. Yta Provtagning med sterilt tejp <ol><li> Välj ett band att använda för provtagning. Den kommersiellt tillgängliga Svampar-band eller Con-Tact-Det provtagning band är sterila och speciellt förpackade för enkel användning. Vi har dock funnit att transparent (optiskt klar) generiska kontoret bandet kan också användas. </li><li> Använd en permanent spritpenna att rita 1 cm 2 rutor på den icke-klibbiga sidan av en 10 cm bit tejp (ett papper mall kan användas). Detta kommer att fungera som en vis...

<ol>
	<li>Almeida, C., Azevedo, N. F., Fernandes, R. M., Keevil, C. W., Vieira, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescence+in+situ+hybridization+method+using+a+peptide+nucleic+acid+probe+for+the+identification+of+Salmonella+spp.+in+a+broad+spectrum+of+samples.">Fluorescence in situ hybridization method using a peptide nucleic acid probe for the identification of Salmonella spp. in a broad spectrum of samples.</a> Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76, 4476-4485 (2010).</li><li>Barnetson, R. S., Milne, L. J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skin+sampling+for+Candida+with+adhesive+tape.">Skin sampling for Candida with adhesive tape.</a> Br. J. Dermatol. 88, 487-491 (1973).</li><li>Bisha, B., Brehm-Stecher, B. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simple+adhesive-tape-based+sampling+of+tomato+surfaces+combined+with+rapid+fluorescence+in+situ+hybridization+for+Salmonella+detection.">Simple adhesive-tape-based sampling of tomato surfaces combined with rapid fluorescence in situ hybridization for Salmonella detection.</a> Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75, 1450-1455 .</li><li>Bisha, B., Brehm-Stecher, B. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flow-through+imaging+cytometry+for+characterization+of+Salmonella+subpopulations+in+alfalfa+sprouts,+a+microbiologically+complex+food+system.">Flow-through imaging cytometry for characterization of Salmonella subpopulations in alfalfa sprouts, a microbiologically complex food system.</a> Biotechnol. J. 4, 880-887 (2009).</li><li>Edwards, R. W., Hartman, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simple+technique+for+collecting+fungus+specimens+from+infected+surfaces.">A simple technique for collecting fungus specimens from infected surfaces.</a> Lloydia. 15, 39-39 (1952).</li><li>Evancho, G. M., Sveum, W. H., Moberg, L. J., Frank, J. F., Pouch Downes, F., Ito, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microbiological+monitoring+of+the+food+processing+environment.">Microbiological monitoring of the food processing environment.</a> Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. , (2001).</li><li>Fung, D. Y. C., Lee, C. Y., Kastner, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Adhesive+tape+method+for+estimating+microbial+load+on+meat+surfaces.">Adhesive tape method for estimating microbial load on meat surfaces.</a> J. Food. Prot. 43, 295-297 (1980).</li><li>Kutter, S., Hartmann, A., Schmid, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Colonization+of+barley+(Hordeum+vulgare)+with+Salmonella+enterica+and+Listeria+spp.">Colonization of barley (Hordeum vulgare) with Salmonella enterica and Listeria spp.</a> FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 56, 262-271 (2006).</li><li>La Cono, V., Urz, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescent+in+situ+hybridization+applied+on+samples+taken+with+adhesive+tape+strips.">Fluorescent in situ hybridization applied on samples taken with adhesive tape strips.</a> J. Microbiol. Meth. 55, 65-71 (2003).</li><li>Lakshmanan, C., Schaffner, D. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+and+controlling+microbiological+contamination+of+beverage+dispensers+in+university+foodservice+operations.">Understanding and controlling microbiological contamination of beverage dispensers in university foodservice operations.</a> Food Prot. Trends. 26, 27-31 (2005).</li><li>Langvad, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simple+and+rapid+method+for+qualitative+and+quantitative+study+of+the+fungal+flora+of+leaves.">A simple and rapid method for qualitative and quantitative study of the fungal flora of leaves.</a> Can. J. Microbiol. 26, 666-670 (1980).</li><li>Nordentoft, S., Christensen, H., Wegener, H. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+a+fluorescence-labelled+oligonucleotide+probe+targeting+23S+rRNA+for+in+situ+detection+of+Salmonella+serovars+in+paraffin-embedded+tissue+sections+and+their+rapid+identification+in+bacterial+smears.">Evaluation of a fluorescence-labelled oligonucleotide probe targeting 23S rRNA for in situ detection of Salmonella serovars in paraffin-embedded tissue sections and their rapid identification in bacterial smears.</a> J. Clin. Microbiol. 35, 2642-2648 (1997).</li></ol>

Enkla och snabba metoder för detektion av patogener på producera ytor kan bidra till att mildra livsmedelsburna sjukdomar genom att ge snabb och genomförbara uppgifter. Tejp-baserade urvalsmetoder har använts i miljö-, livsmedels-och kliniska mikrobiologi sedan 1950-talet och innebär pressning av &quot;Scotch&quot;-stil tejp till ytor för avskiljning av mikroorganismer, följt av direkta mikroskopisk undersökning eller överföring av anhängare mikroorganismer till fast media för tillväxt (Barnetson &amp; Mil...

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		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Fungi-Tape sampling tape</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Scientific Device Laboratory, Des Plaines, IL</td>
<td>745</td>
<td>http://www.scientificdevice.com/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Con-Tact-It sampling tape</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Birko Corporation, Denver, CO</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>http://www.birkocorp.com/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Clear office tape, generic</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Should be optically clear, have low intrinsic fluorescence</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Food surface</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Local grocery</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Tomatoes (red tomatoes on the vine, not waxed or oiled) used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trypticase Soy Broth</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco, Sparks, MD</td>
<td>211768</td>
<td>For non-selective liquid surface miniculture enrichment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Xylose-lysine-Tergitol 4 agar base</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco, Sparks, MD</td>
<td>223420</td>
<td>For Salmonella-selective agar (XLT-4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Xylose-lysine-Tergitol 4 agar supplement</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Difco, Sparks, MD</td>
<td>235310</td>
<td>For Salmonella-selective agar (XLT-4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Formalin solution </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>HT5011</td>
<td>10% solution, neutral, buffered (cell fixative)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Absolute ethanol</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>E7023</td>
<td>Molecular biology grade (pre-hybridization dehydration)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1.5 ml microcentrifuge tubes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>RNase- and DNase-free</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Microscope slides and cover slips</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>NaCl solution</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>S5150</td>
<td>Molecular biology grade, 5M solution (hybridization buffer component)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tris-EDTA buffer solution (100X concentrate)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>T9285</td>
<td>1M Tris [pH 8.0], 0.1M EDTA (hybridization buffer component)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sodium dodecyl sulfate solution</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>L4522</td>
<td>10% solution in 18 megohm water (hybridization buffer component)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sal3 and Salm-63 oligonucleotide probes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Integrated DNA Technologies, Coralville, IA</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>5&#x2019;-labeled with 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) or Texas Red (for microscopy) or Cy5 (for cytometry), HPLC-purified</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Variable speed microcentrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Use rotor diameter to calculate RPM needed for RCF values described in protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CoverWell perfusion chamber </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Grace Bio-Labs Inc., Bend, OR</td>
<td>PC1R-2.0</td>
<td>Non-sterile</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gel loading pipette tips (FS MultiFlex)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA</td>
<td>05-408-151</td>
<td>Long, thin tips for easy access to small sampling ports and maneuverability within chamber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Aluminum heat block or precision-controlled heating station</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Eppendorf Thermomixer R dry block heating and cooling shaker used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bambino mini hybridization oven</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Boekel Scientific, Feasterville, PA</td>
<td>Model 230300</td>
<td>Slides are placed in 50 ml polypropylene centrifuge tubes for hybridization, heat transfer not direct</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Slide Moat slide hybridizer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Boekel Scientific, Feasterville, PA</td>
<td>Model 240000</td>
<td>Provides rapid, direct transmission of heat through glass slide</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vectashield H-1200 mounting medium with 4&#x2019;,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Vector Laboratories, Inc., Burlingame, CA</td>
<td>H-1200</td>
<td>Minimizes quenching of fluorescence during microscopy, provides DAPI counterstain</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fluorescence microscope</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Leitz Laborlux S used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital camera</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Canon PowerShot A640 camera used here</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Image acquisition software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Axiovision software v. 4.6 (Carl Zeiss) used</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Adobe Photoshop</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Adobe Inc.</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>For minimal processing of images (overlay of images taken in different channels)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flow cytometer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>FACSCanto flow cytometer (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA) with red (647 nm) excitation used</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flow cytometry analysis software</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Various suppliers</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>FlowJo software v. 8.7.1 (Tree Star, Inc.) used</td>
</tr>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

combination of adhesive-tape-based sampling and fluorescence in situ hybridization for rapid detection of salmonella on fresh produce

Detta protokoll beskriver en enkel metod för självhäftande tejp-baserade provtagning av tomat och andra färska ytor produkter, följt av på-band fluorescens in situ hybridisering (FISH) för snabb kultur-oberoende detektion av Salmonella spp.. Cell-laddade band kan också placeras upp och ner på selektiv agar för fast-fas anrikning före upptäckt. Alternativt kan låg volym vätska anrikningsgrad (vätskeytan miniculture) utföras på ytan av bandet i icke-selektivt substrat, följt av FISH och analys via flödescytometri. Till att börja med är steril tejp kommit i kontakt med färska råvaror, är lätt tryck appliceras, och tejpen har tagits bort fysiskt utvinna mikrober som finns på dessa ytor. Band är monterade klibbiga sidan uppåt på objektglas glas mikroskop och de utvalda celler är fasta med 10% formalin (30 min) och uttorkad med hjälp av en graderad etanol-serien (50, 80 och 95%, 3 min varje koncentration). Nästa, cell-laddade band är fläckig med buffert som innehåller en Salmonella målinriktat cocktail DNA-sond och hybridiseras för 15 - 30 minuter vid 55 ° C, följt av en kort skölj i en tvätt buffert för att avlägsna obundna sond. Anhängare, är fisk-märkta celler sedan counterstained med DNA färgen 4 &#39;,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) och resultatet visas med fluorescensmikroskopi. För fast-fas anrikning, är cell-laddade band placeras med framsidan nedåt på en lämplig selektiv agar yta och inkuberas för att på plats tillväxten av Salmonella microcolonies, följt av FISH och mikroskopi enligt ovan. För vätskeytan miniculture är cell-laddade band placerade klibbiga sidan upp och ett silikon perfusion kammare tillämpas så att tejpen och objektglas formen i botten av en vattentät kammare i vilken en liten mängd (≤ 500 mikroliter) av trypticase-soja buljong (TSB) införs. Inloppet portar är förseglade och kamrarna inkuberas vid 35 - 37 ° C, vilket gör att tillväxt-baserad förstärkning av tejp-extraherade mikrober. Efter inkubation är inloppsportar oförseglade, celler fristående och blandas med kraftfulla och tillbaka pipettering, skördas genom centrifugering och fasta i 10% neutral buffrad formalin. Slutligen prover hybridiseras och undersöks via flödescytometri för att avslöja förekomsten av Salmonella spp.. Som beskrivs här, kan vår &quot;tape-FISH&quot; tillvägagångssätt ger enkel och snabb provtagning och detektion av Salmonella på tomater ytor. Vi har också använt denna metod för provtagning andra typer av färskvaror, bland annat spenat och jalapeño paprika.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce at JoVE.com

Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce

Detta protokoll beskriver ett enkelt självhäftande tejp-metoden för provtagning av tomat och andra färska ytor produkter, följt av en snabb helcellsvaccin upptäckt av<em&gt; Salmonella</em&gt; Använda fluorescens<em&gt; På plats</em&gt; Hybridisering (FISH).

Kombination av självhäftande tejp grundad på provtagning och fluorescens På plats Hybridisering för snabb upptäckt av Salmonella På färskvaror

This protocol describes a simple approach for adhesive-tape-based sampling of tomato and other fresh produce surfaces, followed by on-tape fluorescence in ...

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Immunology and Infection

Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce

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Locked Nucleic Acid Flow Cytometry-fluorescence in situ Hybridization LNA flow-FISH: a Method for Bacterial Small RNA Detection

Låst nukleinsyra Flödescytometri-fluorescens På plats Hybridisering (LNA flow-FISH): En metod för bakteriell små RNA-detektering

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful technique that is used to detect and localize specific nucleic acid sequences in the cellular ...

Hybridization in situ of Salivary Glands, Ovaries, and Embryos of Vector Mosquitoes

Hybridization in situ of Salivary Glands, Ovaries, and Embryos of Vector Mosquitoes

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Mosquitoes are vectors for a diverse set of pathogens including arboviruses, protozoan parasites and nematodes.  Investigation of transcripts and gene ...

Fluorescent in situ Hybridization on Mitotic Chromosomes of Mosquitoes

Fluorescent in situ Hybridization on Mitotic Chromosomes of Mosquitoes

Lysrör<em&gt; In situ</em&gt; Hybridisering på Mitotiska kromosomer myggor

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique routinely used by many laboratories to determine the chromosomal position of DNA and RNA probes. ...

Swab Sampling Method for the Detection of Human Norovirus on Surfaces

Pinnurvalsmetoden för påvisande av humana Norovirus på ytor

Human noroviruses are a leading cause of epidemic and sporadic gastroenteritis worldwide. Because most infections are either spread directly via the ...

Fluorescence-based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay to Assess the Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses to The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Class of Antivirals

Fluorescens-baserade neuraminidas Inhibition analys för att bedöma känsligheten hos influensavirus till The neuraminidashämmaren Class of Virushämmande

The neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors are the only class of antivirals approved for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza that are effective against ...

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Icke-invasiv provtagning av slemhinna slemhinnan vätska för kvantifiering av In Vivo övre luftvägarna immun-medlare nivåer

This protocol describes noninvasive sampling of undisturbed upper airway mucosal lining fluid. It also details the extraction procedure used prior to the ...

Isolation of Salmonella typhimurium-containing Phagosomes from Macrophages

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Isolering av Salmonella typhimurium-innehållande Phagosomes från makrofager

Salmonella typhimurium is a facultative intracellular bacterium that causes gastroenteritis in humans. After invasion of the lamina propria, S. ...

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En hög genomströmning plattform för Screening av Salmonella spp. /Shigella spp.

Fecal-oral transmission of acute gastroenteritis occurs from time to time, especially when people who handled food and water are infected by Salmonella ...

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Kvantitativ fluorescens i situ-hybridisering (fisk) och Immunofluorescensbildning (IF) av specifika genprodukter i KSHV-infekterade celler

Mechanistic insight arrives from careful study and quantification of specific RNAs and proteins. The relative locations of these biomolecules throughout ...

A Rapid Method for Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging of Frozen Tissue Sections

En snabb metod för multispektrala fluorescensavbildning av frysta vävnadssektioner

Multispectral fluorescence imaging on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues enables the detection of multiple markers in a single tissue sample ...