Name: monitoring immune cells trafficking fluorescent prion rods hours after intraperitoneal infection
Uploaded: 2010-11-19T17:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Monitoring Immune Cells Trafficking Fluorescent Prion Rods Hours after Intraperitoneal Infection at JoVE.com

Ringraziamo McBryant Steve e Jeff Hansen aiuto per ultracentrifugazione e Patti Kiser aiuto per la gestione del mouse. L&#39;Istituto Nazionale di Malattie neurologici e colpo al National Institutes of Health, concedere 5R01NS056379-02 finanziato questo lavoro.

<html> 1. Purificante e etichettatura Rods prioni Questo protocollo è adattato da quello precedentemente pubblicato 18 <ol><li> Omogeneizzare 100 grammi di prioni infetti tessuto cerebrale in 900 ml di buffer di ghiaccio freddo omogeneizzazione (HB, 1X PBS contenente 320 mM saccarosio, 150 mM NaCl e 4mm EDTA) 1 min alla massima velocità in una pubblicità frullatore, poi 2 minuti sul ghiaccio. Ripetete tre volte. </li><li> Centrifuga omogenato per 10 min a 3000 xg e 4 ° C. Rim...

<ol>
	<li>Klein, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+crucial+role+for+B+cells+in+neuroinvasive+scrapie.">A crucial role for B cells in neuroinvasive scrapie.</a> Nature. 390, 687-687 (1997).</li><li>Mabbott, N. A., Farquhar, C. F., Brown, K. L., Bruce, M. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Involvement+of+the+immune+system+in+TSE+pathogenesis.">Involvement of the immune system in TSE pathogenesis.</a> Immunol Today. 19, 201-201 (1998).</li><li>Sigurdson, C. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=PrP(CWD)+lymphoid+cell+targets+in+early+and+advanced+chronic+wasting+disease+of+mule+deer.">PrP(CWD) lymphoid cell targets in early and advanced chronic wasting disease of mule deer.</a> J Gen Virol. 83, 2617-2617 (2002).</li><li>Klein, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complement+facilitates+early+prion+pathogenesis.">Complement facilitates early prion pathogenesis.</a> Nat Med. 7, 488-488 (2001).</li><li>Mabbott, N. 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P., MacPherson, G. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+cells+and+oral+transmission+of+prion+diseases.">Dendritic cells and oral transmission of prion diseases.</a> Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 56, 901-901 (2004).</li><li>Ano, Y., Sakudo, A., Nakayama, H., Onodera, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Uptake+and+dynamics+of+infectious+prion+protein+in+the+intestine.">Uptake and dynamics of infectious prion protein in the intestine.</a> Protein Pept Lett. 16, 247-247 (2009).</li><li>Aucouturier, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Infected+splenic+dendritic+cells+are+sufficient+for+prion+transmission+to+the+CNS+in+mouse+scrapie.">Infected splenic dendritic cells are sufficient for prion transmission to the CNS in mouse scrapie.</a> J Clin Invest. 108, 703-703 (2001).</li><li>Huang, F. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Migrating+intestinal+dendritic+cells+transport+PrP(Sc)+from+the+gut.">Migrating intestinal dendritic cells transport PrP(Sc) from the gut.</a> J Gen Virol. 83, 267-267 (2002).</li><li>Jeffrey, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transportation+of+prion+protein+across+the+intestinal+mucosa+of+scrapiesusceptible+and+scrapie-resistant+sheep.">Transportation of prion protein across the intestinal mucosa of scrapiesusceptible and scrapie-resistant sheep.</a> J Pathol. 209, 4-4 (2006).</li><li>Raymond, C. R., Mabbott, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessing+the+involvement+of+migratory+dendritic+cells+in+the+transfer+of+the+scrapie+agent+from+the+immune+to+peripheral+nervous+systems.">Assessing the involvement of migratory dendritic cells in the transfer of the scrapie agent from the immune to peripheral nervous systems.</a> J Neuroimmunol. 187, 114-114 (2007).</li><li>Mohan, J., Hopkins, J., Mabbott, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skin-derived+dendritic+cells+acquire+and+degrade+the+scrapie+agent+following+in+vitro+exposure.">Skin-derived dendritic cells acquire and degrade the scrapie agent following in vitro exposure.</a> Immunology. 116, 122-122 (2005).</li><li>Gilch, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CpG+and+LPS+can+interfere+negatively+with+prion+clearance+in+macrophage+and+microglial+cells.">CpG and LPS can interfere negatively with prion clearance in macrophage and microglial cells.</a> FEBS J. 274, 5834-5834 (2007).</li><li>Safar, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+mass,+biochemical+composition,+and+physicochemical+behavior+of+the+infectious+form+of+the+scrapie+precursor+protein+monomer.">Molecular mass, biochemical composition, and physicochemical behavior of the infectious form of the scrapie precursor protein monomer.</a> Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A. 87, 6373-6373 (1990).</li><li>B&#252;eler, H. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mice+devoid+of+PrP+are+resistant+to+scrapie.">Mice devoid of PrP are resistant to scrapie.</a> Cell. 73, 1339-1339 (1993).</li></ol>

Qui mostriamo un protocollo per il tagging e prioni monitoraggio in vivo che facilita notevolmente il monitoraggio eventi precoci nelle infezioni da prioni periferici. Questo protocollo migliora significativamente i tentativi passati a monitorare l&#39;assorbimento del prione in vitro 9 e in vivo da 3,12 pre-etichettatura inoculo prione altamente arricchito per inequivocabilmente lo differenziano da PrP C endogena. Poiché i prioni infettivi e PrP C ...

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		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>CWD-infected elk brain</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Private elk farm in Colorado</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Use any non-human prion-infected brain</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Blender</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Oster</td>
<td>6694-015</td>
<td>Use any commercial blender</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Centrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sorvall</td>
<td>SS34 rotor</td>
<td>Use any centrifuge /rotor that can reach 3000 x g and hold &ge; 500 ml volumes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ultracentrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Beckman</td>
<td>50.2 Ti rotor</td>
<td>Use any ultracentrifuge /rotor that can reach 100,000 x g and hold &ge; 500 ml volumes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bradford Reagent</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>B6916</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Complete mini protease inhibitor cocktail</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Roche</td>
<td>11 836 170 001</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Sonicator</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Misonix</td>
<td>MP4000X</td>
<td>Use any horn or probe sonicator set to ~70% max power</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DyLight antibody Labeling kit</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
<td>53050</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>microcentrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Eppendorf</td>
<td>55430R</td>
<td>Use any refrigerated microcentrifuge that can achieve 13,000x g</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>centrifugal filter columns</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Millipore</td>
<td>Microcon YM-100</td>
<td>Use any filter or dialysis membrane with 100 Kd molecular weight cutoff</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8-40 week-old FVB mice</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Charles River</td>
<td>207</td>
<td>Use any inbred mouse strain</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1 &mu;m red fluorescent beads</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Phosphorex</td>
<td>2307</td>
<td>Use any fluorescent bead &le; 10 &mu;m</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RPMI 1640 medium </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>11875-093</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>40 &mu;m cell strainer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Falcon</td>
<td>352340</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>fluorescent antibodies</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>BD pharmingen</td>
<td>Various</td>
<td>Use any fluorescent antibody appropriate for your application.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>flow cytometer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Dakocytomation</td>
<td>CyanADP</td>
<td>Use any flow cytometer capable of multicolor fluorescence detection</td>
</tr>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

monitoring immune cells trafficking fluorescent prion rods hours after intraperitoneal infection

Presenza di una forma anomala di un host codifica della proteina prionica (PrPc) che è resistente alle proteasi, patologica e contagiosa che caratterizza le malattie da prioni come la sindrome del dimagrimento cronico (CWD) di cervidi e la scrapie nelle pecore. L&#39;ipotesi da prioni afferma che questo conformero anomala costituisce la maggior parte o tutti i prioni infettivi. Il ruolo del sistema immunitario in eventi precoci nella patogenesi dei prioni periferici è stata dimostrata in modo convincente per la malattia del dimagrimento cronico e scrapie 1-3. Transgeniche e studi farmacologici nei topi hanno rivelato un ruolo importante del sistema del complemento a mantenere e replicare i prioni presto dopo l&#39;infezione 4-6. In vitro e in studi in vivo hanno anche osservato la conservazione dei prioni da parte delle cellule dendritiche 7-10, anche se il loro ruolo nel traffico resta chiaro 11-16. I macrofagi sono similmente stati implicati nella patogenesi prioni presto, ma questi studi si sono concentrati sugli eventi che si verificano settimane dopo l&#39;infezione 3,11,17. Questi studi precedenti inoltre hanno il problema di distinguere tra endogena PrP C e prioni infettivi. Qui descriviamo una semiquantitativo, approccio imparziale per valutare l&#39;assorbimento del prione e il traffico dal sito di inoculazione da parte delle cellule immunitarie reclutate lì. Aste dei prioni aggregati sono stati purificati da omogenato cerebrale infetto da solubilizzazione di detergente non aggregata proteine ​​e ultracentrifugazione attraverso un cuscino di saccarosio. Poliacrilammide gel elettroforesi, colorazione Coomassie blu e occidentale recupero blotting confermato di aste prioni altamente arricchito nella frazione pellet. Aste prioni sono stati marcati con fluorocromi intraperitoneale poi iniettato in topi. Due ore dopo, cellule immunitarie dal liquido di lavaggio peritoneale, nella milza e nei linfonodi mediastinici e mesenterici sono stati analizzati per la ritenzione del prione asta e sottoinsiemi di cellule identificate mediante citometria di flusso multicolore utilizzando marcatori per i monociti, i neutrofili, cellule dendritiche, macrofagi e delle cellule B e T. Questo test permette di monitorare in tempo prima diretta di cellule immunitarie acquisizione e il traffico di prioni in vivo poche ore dopo l&#39;infezione. Questo test inoltre differenzia chiaramente infettive, aggregati da prioni PrPC normalmente espressa sulle cellule ospite, che può essere difficile e portare a problemi di interpretazione dei dati nei sistemi di dosaggio altri. Questo protocollo può essere adattato alle altre vie di inoculazione (orale, endovenosa, intranervous e sottocutaneo, ad esempio) e gli antigeni (perline coniugato, agenti patogeni batterici, virali e parassitarie e proteine ​​dell&#39;uovo) pure.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Monitoring Immune Cells Trafficking Fluorescent Prion Rods Hours after Intraperitoneal Infection at JoVE.com

Monitoring Immune Cells Trafficking Fluorescent Prion Rods Hours after Intraperitoneal Infection

Qui si descrive un nuovo metodo di analisi per monitorare l&#39;assorbimento del prione e del traffico da parte delle cellule immunitarie subito dopo l&#39;inoculazione intraperitoneale purificando e fluorescente etichettatura aste prioni aggregati da materiale cerebrale infetto allora monitoraggio loro adozione, e il movimento dal sito di iniezione e caratterizzare le cellule che mediano questi eventi.

Monitoraggio Traffico di cellule immunitarie fluorescente Rods prioni ore dopo l&#39;infezione intraperitoneale

Presence of an abnormal form a host-encoded prion protein (PrPC) that is protease resistant, pathologic and infectious characterizes prion diseases such ...

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