Name: monitoring immune cells trafficking fluorescent prion rods hours after intraperitoneal infection
Uploaded: 2010-11-19T17:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Monitoring Immune Cells Trafficking Fluorescent Prion Rods Hours after Intraperitoneal Infection at JoVE.com

我々は、マウス操作のヘルプについては超遠心分離し、パティカイザーのヘルプはスティーブMcBryantとジェフハンセンに感謝。国立衛生研究所の神経疾患と脳卒中の国立研究所、助成金5R01NS056379 - 02は、この作業に資金を供給した。

<html> 1。プリオンロッドを精製し、ラベル付けこのプロトコルは、1つの以前に発行された18から適応される<ol><li>コマーシャルブレンダーの最大速度で1分、その後、氷上で2分間氷冷均質化緩衝液900mLの中のプリオン感染脳組織の100グラム（HB、1X PBS、320 mMスクロース、150mMのNaClおよび4mm EDTAを含む）をホモジナイズする。 3回繰り返します。 </li><li> 10 3000 × gで分?...

<ol>
	<li>Klein, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+crucial+role+for+B+cells+in+neuroinvasive+scrapie.">A crucial role for B cells in neuroinvasive scrapie.</a> Nature. 390, 687-687 (1997).</li><li>Mabbott, N. A., Farquhar, C. F., Brown, K. L., Bruce, M. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Involvement+of+the+immune+system+in+TSE+pathogenesis.">Involvement of the immune system in TSE pathogenesis.</a> Immunol Today. 19, 201-201 (1998).</li><li>Sigurdson, C. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=PrP(CWD)+lymphoid+cell+targets+in+early+and+advanced+chronic+wasting+disease+of+mule+deer.">PrP(CWD) lymphoid cell targets in early and advanced chronic wasting disease of mule deer.</a> J Gen Virol. 83, 2617-2617 (2002).</li><li>Klein, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complement+facilitates+early+prion+pathogenesis.">Complement facilitates early prion pathogenesis.</a> Nat Med. 7, 488-488 (2001).</li><li>Mabbott, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Temporary+depletion+of+complement+component+C3+or+genetic+deficiency+of+C1q+significantly+delays+onset+of+scrapie.">Temporary depletion of complement component C3 or genetic deficiency of C1q significantly delays onset of scrapie.</a> Nat Med. 7, 485-485 (2001).</li><li>Zabel, M. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stromal+Complement+Receptor+CD21/35+Facilitates+Lymphoid+Prion+Colonization+and+Pathogenesis.">Stromal Complement Receptor CD21/35 Facilitates Lymphoid Prion Colonization and Pathogenesis.</a> J Immunol. 179, 6144-6144 (2007).</li><li>Cordier-Dirikoc, S., Chabry, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Temporary+depletion+of+CD11c++dendritic+cells+delays+lymphoinvasion+after+intraperitonal+scrapie+infection.">Temporary depletion of CD11c+ dendritic cells delays lymphoinvasion after intraperitonal scrapie infection.</a> J Virol. 82, 8933-8933 (2008).</li><li>Dorban, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+scrapie+infection+modifies+the+homeostasis+of+Peyer's+patches'+dendritic+cells.">Oral scrapie infection modifies the homeostasis of Peyer's patches' dendritic cells.</a> Histochem Cell Biol. 128, 243-243 (2007).</li><li>Flores-Langarica, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Scrapie+pathogenesis:+the+role+of+complement+C1q+in+scrapie+agent+uptake+by+conventional+dendritic+cells.">Scrapie pathogenesis: the role of complement C1q in scrapie agent uptake by conventional dendritic cells.</a> J Immunol. 182, 1305-1305 (2009).</li><li>Huang, F. P., MacPherson, G. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+cells+and+oral+transmission+of+prion+diseases.">Dendritic cells and oral transmission of prion diseases.</a> Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 56, 901-901 (2004).</li><li>Ano, Y., Sakudo, A., Nakayama, H., Onodera, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Uptake+and+dynamics+of+infectious+prion+protein+in+the+intestine.">Uptake and dynamics of infectious prion protein in the intestine.</a> Protein Pept Lett. 16, 247-247 (2009).</li><li>Aucouturier, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Infected+splenic+dendritic+cells+are+sufficient+for+prion+transmission+to+the+CNS+in+mouse+scrapie.">Infected splenic dendritic cells are sufficient for prion transmission to the CNS in mouse scrapie.</a> J Clin Invest. 108, 703-703 (2001).</li><li>Huang, F. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Migrating+intestinal+dendritic+cells+transport+PrP(Sc)+from+the+gut.">Migrating intestinal dendritic cells transport PrP(Sc) from the gut.</a> J Gen Virol. 83, 267-267 (2002).</li><li>Jeffrey, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transportation+of+prion+protein+across+the+intestinal+mucosa+of+scrapiesusceptible+and+scrapie-resistant+sheep.">Transportation of prion protein across the intestinal mucosa of scrapiesusceptible and scrapie-resistant sheep.</a> J Pathol. 209, 4-4 (2006).</li><li>Raymond, C. R., Mabbott, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessing+the+involvement+of+migratory+dendritic+cells+in+the+transfer+of+the+scrapie+agent+from+the+immune+to+peripheral+nervous+systems.">Assessing the involvement of migratory dendritic cells in the transfer of the scrapie agent from the immune to peripheral nervous systems.</a> J Neuroimmunol. 187, 114-114 (2007).</li><li>Mohan, J., Hopkins, J., Mabbott, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skin-derived+dendritic+cells+acquire+and+degrade+the+scrapie+agent+following+in+vitro+exposure.">Skin-derived dendritic cells acquire and degrade the scrapie agent following in vitro exposure.</a> Immunology. 116, 122-122 (2005).</li><li>Gilch, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CpG+and+LPS+can+interfere+negatively+with+prion+clearance+in+macrophage+and+microglial+cells.">CpG and LPS can interfere negatively with prion clearance in macrophage and microglial cells.</a> FEBS J. 274, 5834-5834 (2007).</li><li>Safar, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+mass,+biochemical+composition,+and+physicochemical+behavior+of+the+infectious+form+of+the+scrapie+precursor+protein+monomer.">Molecular mass, biochemical composition, and physicochemical behavior of the infectious form of the scrapie precursor protein monomer.</a> Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A. 87, 6373-6373 (1990).</li><li>B&#252;eler, H. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mice+devoid+of+PrP+are+resistant+to+scrapie.">Mice devoid of PrP are resistant to scrapie.</a> Cell. 73, 1339-1339 (1993).</li></ol>

ここでは、大幅に周辺プリオンの感染の初期段階でイベントを監視して容易にin vivoでのタグ付けと追跡プリオンのためのプロトコルを示す。このプロトコルは非常に明確に内因性のPrP Cからそれを区別するために事前にラベルの高濃縮プリオンの接種による in vitro 9 および in vivo 3,12 におけるモニタリングのプリオンの摂取で過去の試みを?...

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		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>CWD-infected elk brain</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Private elk farm in Colorado</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Use any non-human prion-infected brain</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Blender</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Oster</td>
<td>6694-015</td>
<td>Use any commercial blender</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Centrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sorvall</td>
<td>SS34 rotor</td>
<td>Use any centrifuge /rotor that can reach 3000 x g and hold &ge; 500 ml volumes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ultracentrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Beckman</td>
<td>50.2 Ti rotor</td>
<td>Use any ultracentrifuge /rotor that can reach 100,000 x g and hold &ge; 500 ml volumes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bradford Reagent</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>B6916</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Complete mini protease inhibitor cocktail</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Roche</td>
<td>11 836 170 001</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Sonicator</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Misonix</td>
<td>MP4000X</td>
<td>Use any horn or probe sonicator set to ~70% max power</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DyLight antibody Labeling kit</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
<td>53050</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>microcentrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Eppendorf</td>
<td>55430R</td>
<td>Use any refrigerated microcentrifuge that can achieve 13,000x g</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>centrifugal filter columns</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Millipore</td>
<td>Microcon YM-100</td>
<td>Use any filter or dialysis membrane with 100 Kd molecular weight cutoff</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8-40 week-old FVB mice</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Charles River</td>
<td>207</td>
<td>Use any inbred mouse strain</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1 &mu;m red fluorescent beads</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Phosphorex</td>
<td>2307</td>
<td>Use any fluorescent bead &le; 10 &mu;m</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RPMI 1640 medium </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>11875-093</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>40 &mu;m cell strainer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Falcon</td>
<td>352340</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>fluorescent antibodies</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>BD pharmingen</td>
<td>Various</td>
<td>Use any fluorescent antibody appropriate for your application.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>flow cytometer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Dakocytomation</td>
<td>CyanADP</td>
<td>Use any flow cytometer capable of multicolor fluorescence detection</td>
</tr>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

monitoring immune cells trafficking fluorescent prion rods hours after intraperitoneal infection

異常な形態が存在するプロテアーゼ、抵抗性病態と感染しているホストでエンコードされたプリオン蛋白質（PRPC）は、羊のcervidsとスクレイピーの慢性消耗病（CWD）などのプリオン病を特徴付ける。プリオン仮説は、この異常なコンフォーマーは、ほとんどまたはすべての感染性プリオンのを構成すると主張する。周辺プリオン病因の早期イベントの免疫システムの役割は、説得力CWDとスクレイピー1-3実証されている。マウスのトランスジェニックおよび薬理学的研究は、感染4月6日後の早期にプリオンを保持し、複製における補体系の重要な役割を明らかにした。in vitroおよび in vivo研究における人身売買の彼らの役割は残っても、7-10樹状細胞によるプリオンの保持を観察している11月16日は不明。マクロファージは、同様に初期のプリオンの病因に関与している、しかしこれらの研究は、感染3,11,17後数週間に発生した事象に焦点を当てている。これらの先行研究はまた、内因性プリオンCと感染プリオン区別の問題に苦しんでいる。ここでは、そこに採用免疫細胞で接種部位からプリオンの取り込みと人身売買を評価するための半定量的、公平なアプローチを説明します。集約されたプリオンロッドは、非集約タンパク質と糖クッションを介して超遠心分離の界面活性剤可溶化により、感染した脳ホモジネートから精製した。ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動、クマシーブルー染色とペレット画分に高濃縮プリオンロッドのウェスタンブロッティング確認回復。プリオンロッドは、蛍光色素で標識した後、マウスに腹腔内に注射した。二時間後に腹腔洗浄液、脾臓および縦隔および腸間膜リンパ節から免疫細胞は、プリオンロッドの保持および単球、好中球、樹状細胞、マクロファージやB細胞とT細胞のマーカーを使用して多色フローサイトメトリーで識別される細胞のサブセットを測定した。このアッセイは、感染後数時間以内に生体内で取得し、人身売買のプリオン免疫細胞の初めての直接モニタリングすることができます。このアッセイはまた、明らかに、通常は困難であると他のアッセイシステムでデータの解釈の問題が発生する可能性が宿主細胞に発現PRPCから感染、集約されたプリオンを区別します。このプロトコルは、他の接種経路（経口、静脈内、intranervousや皮下など）と同様に抗原（結合ビーズ、細菌、ウイルスおよび寄生虫病原体やタンパク質、卵）に適合させることができます。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Monitoring Immune Cells Trafficking Fluorescent Prion Rods Hours after Intraperitoneal Infection at JoVE.com

Monitoring Immune Cells Trafficking Fluorescent Prion Rods Hours after Intraperitoneal Infection

ここでは、すぐに精製することにより腹腔内接種に従い、蛍光して注射部位からの彼らの取り込みと動きを監視し、これらのイベントを媒介する細胞を特徴づける感染脳材料から集約されたプリオンロッドを標識する免疫細胞によるプリオンの取り込みと人身売買を監視するための新たなアッセイを説明します。

腹腔内感染後に免疫細胞の人身売買蛍光プリオンロッドの時間を監視

Presence of an abnormal form a host-encoded prion protein (PrPC) that is protease resistant, pathologic and infectious characterizes prion diseases such ...

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フローサイトメトリーで固定し、生細胞におけるカルパイン活性の測定

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Seven Steps to Stellate Cells

細胞星状に7つのステップ

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細胞運命を以下に<em&gt; E大腸菌の</emラムダファージによる感染後&gt;

The system comprising bacteriophage (phage) lambda and the bacterium E. coli has long served as a paradigm for cell-fate determination1,2. Following the ...

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Flow Cytometric Isolation of Primary Murine Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells for Functional and Molecular Studies

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Throughout  the last years, the contribution of alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII)  to various aspects of immune regulation in the lung has been ...

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Detection of Fluorescent Nanoparticle Interactions with Primary Immune Cell Subpopulations by Flow Cytometry

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Engineered nanoparticles are endowed with very promising properties for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. This work describes a fast and reliable ...