Name: c. elegans positive butanone learning, short-term, and long-term associative memory assays
Uploaded: 2011-03-11T12:00:00
Duration: 9 min 58 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays at JoVE.com

我们感谢W。刘某的意见，我们最初的成像设置，Z Gitai建议使用ImageJ 13来算蠕虫，使用Google SketchUp的帮助和J.阿什拉夫。 CTM是皮尤研究中心在生物医学科学的学者，麦克奈特学者和凯克学者。

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c. 在线虫嗅觉的联想学习和记忆的分析，提出了区分集结学习，行距学习，短期记忆和长期记忆的过程。依靠这些检测蠕虫的能力，意识在他们的环境1,2的食品和化学气味，并形成两者之间的正相关。6因此，实验是非常敏感的动物开始人口的饥饿，必须十分小心采取措施，确保美联储前和培训后，蠕虫病毒。单集结训练产生短期的联想记忆。空调期和间隔训练范式数上升是在 C中实现长期的联想记忆的关键线虫 ，因为它在其他生物体中。6,8也许可以修改这个实验产生长期记忆的不同条件和无条件刺激之间的关联。 可以用我们的联想学习和记忆的分析，比较野生型的学习和记忆能力的老化或遗传突变的动物。例如，而联想学习和长期的联想记忆能力下降老化野生型蠕虫，学习是保持与动物的年龄与降低胰岛素信号，与学习和记忆不再是维持较长calorically限制动物随着年龄的增长6。这些分析也适合的RNAi治疗或C.药理操纵线虫 。例如，蠕虫与DAF - 2 RNA干扰治疗可改善短期和长期的联想记忆，相反，基因转录和蛋白质的合成与药物（放线菌素D和放线菌酮），分别间隔训练期间堵塞，扰乱了长期记忆的形成。 6 长期记忆是一个过程，是所有动物的生存至关重要，它出现，内存中的一个巴甫洛夫协会所涉及的分子机器大部分是从哺乳动物的蠕虫保守 6分辨能力和测试联想学习，短短期和长期记忆使用这些嗅觉检测使得C 。 线虫一个优秀的系统内存的进一步研究，并可能为神经退化过程，导致在人类学习和记忆的丧失洞察力。

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<td>Sodium Azide</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
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<td>Prepare 1 M concentration in distilled water</td>
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<td>Ethyl Alcohol 190 Proof</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Pharmco-Aaper</td>
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<td>2-Butanone 99+%</td>
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<td>InfiniMite Video Lens &#x2013; Alpha Industrial</td>
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<td>Dolan-Jenner MI-150 Fiber Optic Illuminator</td>
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<td>Standard Boom Stand</td>
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<td>3/4&#x201D; Post Adaptor for Boom Stands</td>
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<td>Edmund Optics</td>
<td>NT54-124</td>
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<td>Standard Fixed 1/4-20 Mounting Plate</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Edmund Optics</td>
<td>NT54-122</td>
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c. elegans positive butanone learning, short-term, and long-term associative memory assays

经验和教训的信息的记忆是对生物体做出选择，帮助他们生存的关键。 C。 线虫导航环境，通过神经元特异性检测食品和化学品气味1，2和化学气味3，温度 4， 和 5食物来源的致病关联的营养状态。 在这里，我们描述了线虫联想学习和短期和长期的联想记忆的实验。我们修改了一个厌恶的嗅觉学习范式，而不是产生了积极的回应;检测涉及挨饿〜400蠕虫病毒，然后喂养存在AWC神经遥感挥发趋化丁酮的浓度，引发低的趋化指数（类似的蠕虫Toroyama 等7）。一个标准的人口趋assay1测试蠕虫的吸引力的气味立即分钟后调理小时。 经过调理，野生型动物的趋化丁酮增加〜0.6趋化指数的单位，其“学习指数”。联想学习是依赖于在培训期间的食品和丁酮的存在。配对为一个单一的调整期（“集结培训”）的食品和丁酮产生短期的联想记忆，持续1〜2小时。 （“间隔训练”）之间的休息时间多空调期间产生长期的联想记忆（&lt;40小时），并依赖于cAMP反应元件结合蛋白（CREB），6个长期内存跨越所需的转录因子种8。 我们的协议还包括为快速，准确地测定趋化指数的图像分析方法。动物趋化实验板的高对比度的图像捕获和分析蠕虫计数MATLAB软件。软件修正不均匀使用一个形态tophat转型背景的 9大津的方法是再使用，以确定一个阈值从后台单独的蠕虫 10非常小的颗粒被删除自动和较大的非WORM地区（板边缘或琼脂拳）是手动选择删除。然后，该软件估计由单一的蠕虫病毒的大小，忽略上面指定的最大大小的区域，其余地区的平均大小。蠕虫的数量，然后除以确定蠕虫占用由一个单一的蠕虫的规模估计总面积估计。 我们发现，学习和短期和长期记忆可以区分，以及这些过程与高等生物上有着类似的关键分子 。6,8我们的分析，可以快速测试的新的候选基因或分子，影响了学习和短期或长期在 C中的长期记忆线虫是跨物种有关。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays at JoVE.com

C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays

在这里，我们描述的方法来测试线虫联想学习和短期和长期的联想记忆。这些人口分析蠕虫的能力，以chemotax聘请走向挥发的气味，并形成积极的联想后，搭配食物的趋化丁酮。空调期间的人数增加导致长期记忆。

线虫的积极丁酮学习，短期，长期联想记忆检测

The memory of experiences and learned information is critical for organisms to make choices that aid their survival. C. elegans navigates its environment ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays

Assaying Locomotor, Learning, and Memory Deficits in Drosophila Models of Neurodegeneration

Assaying Locomotor, Learning, and Memory Deficits in Drosophila Models of Neurodegeneration

含量的运动能力，学习和记忆的赤字果蝇</em神经退行性疾病>模型

Advances in genetic methods have enabled the study of genes involved in human neurodegenerative diseases using Drosophila as a model system1. Most of ...

科研

神经科学

In vivo Laser Axotomy in C. elegans

In vivo Laser Axotomy in C. elegans

在 C 在体内激光干切断线虫

Neurons communicate with other cells via axons and dendrites, slender membrane extensions that contain pre- or post-synaptic specializations. If a neuron ...

Optical Recording of Suprathreshold Neural Activity with Single-cell and Single-spike Resolution

阈上的神经活动的单细胞和单穗的分辨率的光学的方法记录

Signaling of information in the vertebrate central nervous system is often carried by populations of neurons rather than individual neurons. Also ...

C. elegans Tracking and Behavioral Measurement

C. elegans Tracking and Behavioral Measurement

线虫跟踪和行为测量

We have developed instrumentation, image processing, and data analysis techniques to quantify the locomotory behavior of C. elegans as it crawls on the ...

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

欲求联想嗅觉学习<em&gt;果蝇</em&gt;幼虫

In the following we describe the methodological  details of appetitive associative olfactory learning in Drosophila larvae. The setup, in combination with ...

A Molecular Readout of Long-term Olfactory Adaptation in C. elegans

A Molecular Readout of Long-term Olfactory Adaptation in C. elegans

长期的嗅觉适应性的分子读数<em&gt; C.线虫</em

During sustained stimulation most sensory neurons will adapt their response by decreasing their sensitivity to the signal. The adaptation response helps ...

Agarose Microchambers for Long-term Calcium Imaging of Caenorhabditis elegans

Agarose Microchambers for Long-term Calcium Imaging of Caenorhabditis elegans

琼脂糖微室的长期钙成像<em&gt;秀丽隐杆线虫</em

Behavior is controlled by the nervous system. Calcium imaging is a straightforward method in the transparent nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to measure ...

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles

评估空间学习记忆小鳞类爬行动物

Clinical research has leveraged a variety of paradigms to assess cognitive decline, commonly targeting spatial learning and memory abilities. However, ...

Drosophila Courtship Conditioning As a Measure of Learning and Memory

Drosophila Courtship Conditioning As a Measure of Learning and Memory

果蝇调理作为学习和记忆的措施

Many insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying learning and memory have been elucidated through the use of simple behavioral assays in model ...

Generation and Long-term Maintenance of Nerve-free Hydra

Generation and Long-term Maintenance of Nerve-free Hydra

无神经的一代和长期维持<em&gt;水润</em

The interstitial cell lineage of Hydra includes multipotent stem cells, and their derivatives: gland cells, nematocytes, germ cells, and nerve cells. The ...