Name: high-resolution endocardial and epicardial optical mapping in a sheep model of stretch-induced atrial fibrillation
Uploaded: 2011-07-29T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation at JoVE.com

NHLBI P01-HL039707 अनुदान और P01-HL087226 और Leducq फाउंडेशन (जे जे और ओ), कार्डियोलॉजी फैलोशिप की एक स्पेनिश सोसायटी द्वारा, Fundación पेड्रो Barrie डे ला Maza और Fundación Alfonso मार्टिन Escudero (डीएफआर) फेडरेशन Française डी द्वारा, द्वारा समर्थित में भाग (RPM) एक हार्ट रिदम सोसायटी फैलोशिप पुरस्कार, जापान हार्ट फाउंडेशन / Electrocardiology (मेरा) जापानी सोसायटी की फैलोशिप द्वारा Cardiologie.

1. हार्ट हटाने और Langendorff छिड़काव 35-40 किलोग्राम वजन भेड़ anesthetized 4-6 मिलीग्राम / किलोग्राम propofol और 60-100 मिलीग्राम / pentobarbital सोडियम की किलोग्राम का उपयोग. दिल thoracotomy के माध्यम से हटा रहे हैं और परिसंचारी (95% O2, 5% सीओ 2) ...

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	<li>Kannel, W. B., Wolf, P. A., Benjamin, E. J., Levy, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevalence,+incidence,+prognosis,+and+predisposing+conditions+for+atrial+fibrillation:+population-based+estimates.">Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates.</a> Am J Cardiol. 82, (1998).</li><li>Wolf, P. A., Abbott, R. D., Kannel, W. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Atrial+fibrillation+as+an+independent+risk+factor+for+stroke:+the+Framingham+Study.">Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study.</a> Stroke. 22, 983-988 (1991).</li><li>Miyasaka, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Secular+trends+in+incidence+of+atrial+fibrillation+in+Olmsted+County,+Minnesota,+1980+to+2000,+and+implications+on+the+projections+for+future+prevalence.">Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence.</a> Circulation. 114, 119-125 (1980).</li><li>Ravelli, F., Allessie, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+atrial+dilatation+on+refractory+period+and+vulnerability+to+atrial+fibrillation+in+the+isolated+Langendorff-perfused+rabbit+heart.">Effects of atrial dilatation on refractory period and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation in the isolated Langendorff-perfused rabbit heart.</a> Circulation. 96, 1686-1695 (1997).</li><li>Gray, R. A., Pertsov, A. M., Jalife, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spatial+and+temporal+organization+during+cardiac+fibrillation.">Spatial and temporal organization during cardiac fibrillation.</a> Nature. 392, 75-78 (1998).</li><li>Gray, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanisms+of+cardiac+fibrillation.">Mechanisms of cardiac fibrillation.</a> Science. 270, 1222-1225 (1995).</li><li>Samie, F. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rectification+of+the+background+potassium+current:+a+determinant+of+rotor+dynamics+in+ventricular+fibrillation.">Rectification of the background potassium current: a determinant of rotor dynamics in ventricular fibrillation.</a> Circ Res. 89, 1216-1223 (2001).</li><li>Kalifa, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intra-atrial+pressure+increases+rate+and+organization+of+waves+emanating+from+the+superior+pulmonary+veins+during+atrial+fibrillation.">Intra-atrial pressure increases rate and organization of waves emanating from the superior pulmonary veins during atrial fibrillation.</a> Circulation. 108, 668-671 (2003).</li><li>Mandapati, R., Skanes, A., Chen, J., Berenfeld, O., Jalife, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stable+microreentrant+sources+as+a+mechanism+of+atrial+fibrillation+in+the+isolated+sheep+heart.">Stable microreentrant sources as a mechanism of atrial fibrillation in the isolated sheep heart.</a> Circulation. 101, 194-199 (2000).</li><li>Yamazaki, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanisms+of+stretch-induced+atrial+fibrillation+in+the+presence+and+the+absence+of+adrenocholinergic+stimulation:+interplay+between+rotors+and+focal+discharges.">Mechanisms of stretch-induced atrial fibrillation in the presence and the absence of adrenocholinergic stimulation: interplay between rotors and focal discharges.</a> Heart Rhythm. 6, 1009-1017 (2009).</li><li>Rama, D. F., Jalife, J., Antzelevitch, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanisms+Underlying+Atrial+Fibrillation.">Mechanisms Underlying Atrial Fibrillation.</a> Basic Science for Clinical Electrophysiologist. 3, 141-156 (2011).</li><li>Berenfeld, O., Zaitsev, A. V., Mironov, S. F., Pertsov, A. M., Jalife, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Frequency-dependent+breakdown+of+wave+propagation+into+fibrillatory+conduction+across+the+pectinate+muscle+network+in+the+isolated+sheep+right+atrium.">Frequency-dependent breakdown of wave propagation into fibrillatory conduction across the pectinate muscle network in the isolated sheep right atrium.</a> Circ Res. 90, 1173-1180 (2002).</li><li>Haissaguerre, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spontaneous+initiation+of+atrial+fibrillation+by+ectopic+beats+originating+in+the+pulmonary+veins.">Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins.</a> N Engl J Med. 339, 659-666 (1998).</li><li>Warren, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blockade+of+the+inward+rectifying+potassium+current+terminates+ventricular+fibrillation+in+the+guinea+pig+heart.">Blockade of the inward rectifying potassium current terminates ventricular fibrillation in the guinea pig heart.</a> J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 14, 621-631 (2003).</li><li>Claerbout, J. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Fundamentals of Geophysical Data Processing. , (1976).</li><li>Atienza, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Real-time+dominant+frequency+mapping+and+ablation+of+dominant+frequency+sites+in+atrial+fibrillation+with+left-to-right+frequency+gradients+predicts+long-term+maintenance+of+sinus+rhythm.">Real-time dominant frequency mapping and ablation of dominant frequency sites in atrial fibrillation with left-to-right frequency gradients predicts long-term maintenance of sinus rhythm.</a> Heart Rhythm. 6, 33-40 (2009).</li></ol>

पृथक भेड़ दिल में तीव्र खिंचाव प्रेरित वायुसेना की विशेषताओं मानव कंपकंपी वायुसेना के गुणों में से कुछ के समान है. अंतर आलिंद भेड़ दिल में दबाव में एक तीव्र वृद्धि के समय की लंबी अवधि, वायु सेना के एक उच...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> सामग्री नाम </td><td> कंपनी </td><td> सूचीपत्र संख्या </td></tr><tr><td> हलकी मृत्यु </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> हेपरिन </td><td> सिग्मा </td><td> H3393 </td></tr><tr><td> Propofol </td><td> Abbott </td><td> 5206-04-03 </td></tr><tr><td> Pentobarbital </td><td> लंडबेक इंक </td><td> 67386-501-55 एनडीसी </td></tr><tr><td> परिचयकर्ता 18 गेज </td><td> Terumo </td><td> एसएस FF1832 * </td></tr><tr><td> Cuffed अंतःश्वासनलीय ट्यूब (9 मिमी) </td><td> DRE पशु चिकित्सा </td><td> 9440 # </td></tr><tr><td> फाइबर ऑप्टिक फेफड़ाओं को सुनने का एक यंत्र Case </td><td> DRE पशु चिकित्सा </td><td> 991 # </td></tr><tr><td> फाइबर ऑप्टिक ब्लेड </td><td> DRE पशु चिकित्सा </td><td> 984 # </td></tr><tr><td> आपरेटिंग कैंची </td><td> DRE पशु चिकित्सा </td><td> # 1944 # 9702 </td></tr><tr><td> स्केल्पल हैंडल # 3 ठोस 4 &quot; </td><td> Roboz सर्जिकल उपकरण कं, Inc </td><td> RS-9843 </td></tr><tr><td> बाँझ स्केल्पल ब्लेड </td><td> Roboz सर्जिकल उपकरण कं, Inc </td><td> रुपये +९,८०१-10 </td></tr><tr><td> वेंटिलेशन बैग </td><td> Westmed </td><td> 562013 </td></tr><tr><td> इस Sims कैंची घुमावदार तीव्र ब्लंट / </td><td> Roboz सर्जिकल उपकरण कं, Inc </td><td> RS-7035 </td></tr><tr><td> ऊतक संदंश (2 ×) </td><td> DRE पशु चिकित्सा </td><td> 1895 # </td></tr><tr><td> 11 KANTROWITZ छाती रोगों संदंश, &quot; </td><td> जैव चिकित्सा अनुसंधान उपकरण इंक, </td><td> 34-1980 </td></tr><tr><td> Finochietto बड़े चेस्ट स्प्रेडर </td><td> Kapp सर्जिकल उपकरण इंक </td><td> KS-7301 </td></tr><tr><td> Thoracotomy कैंची </td><td> Rostfrei सॉलिंगेन </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> प्लास्टिक ट्रे </td><td> Nalgene </td><td> फिशर </td></tr><tr><td> ऑप्टिकल मानचित्रण </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> बॉन कैंची (2 ×) </td><td> Roboz सर्जिकल उपकरण कं, इंक </td><td> RS-5840SC </td></tr><tr><td> सर्जिकल रेशम </td><td> फिशर </td><td> 50-900-04214 </td></tr><tr><td> माइक्रो विदारक संदंश </td><td> Roboz सर्जिकल उपकरण कं, इंक </td><td> RS-5130 </td></tr><tr><td> Tetrapolar इलेक्ट्रोड (Torq) कैथेटर (4 ×) </td><td> Medtronic इंक </td><td> 05580SP </td></tr><tr><td> डिजिटल सेंसर. Biopac सिस्टम transducer </td><td> Biopac सिस्टम्स इंक, </td><td> RX104A </td></tr><tr><td> Biopac सिस्टम प्रवर्धक </td><td> Biopac सिस्टम्स इंक, </td><td> DA-100C </td></tr><tr><td> डि चार - ANEPPS </td><td> सिग्मा Aldrich, सेंट </td><td> D8604 - 5mg </td></tr><tr><td> Blebbistatin </td><td> Enzo लाइफ साइंस इंटरनेशनल, Inc </td><td> BML - E1315 - 0025 </td></tr><tr><td> LittleJoe सीसीडी वीडियो कैमरा (2 ×) </td><td> विश्लेषणात्मक सिस्टम्स इंक, SciMeasure </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> दोहरे चैनल कठोर borescope </td><td> एवरेस्ट VIT इंक, </td><td> R10-25--0 90 </td></tr><tr><td> छिड़काव पंपों (2 ×) </td><td> कोल Parmer </td><td> जी.के. - ७७९२०-30 </td></tr><tr><td> तापमान जांच </td><td> कोल Parmer </td><td> आर 08,491-02 </td></tr><tr><td> pH मीटर </td><td> फिशर </td><td> 01-913-806 </td></tr><tr><td> डिजिटल तापमान गेज </td><td> कोल Parmer </td><td> GK89000 - 10 </td></tr><tr><td> Oxygenator फिल्टर </td><td> Sorin </td><td> 05318 </td></tr><tr><td> सिलिकॉन छिड़काव ट्यूब (एल / एस 15) </td><td> MasterFlex </td><td> 96410-15 </td></tr><tr><td> लेजर प्रकाश गाइड (6 ×) </td><td> गढ़ा निगम </td><td> 77536 </td></tr><tr><td> तरल प्रकाश गाइड (0.2 कोर में) </td><td> न्यूपोर्ट निगम </td><td> 77556 </td></tr><tr><td> लेजर (1 वाट) जनरेटर (1 ×) </td><td> शंघाई ड्रीम Lsaer Tecchnology </td><td> SDL-532-1000T </td></tr><tr><td> लेजर (5 वाट) जनरेटर (1 ×) </td><td> स्पेक्ट्रा भौतिकी पराबैंगनीकिरण </td><td> मिल 5sJ </td></tr></tbody></table>

high-resolution endocardial and epicardial optical mapping in a sheep model of stretch-induced atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex cardiac arrhythmia with high morbidity and mortality.1,2 It is the most common sustained cardiac rhythm disturbance seen in clinical practice and its prevalence is expected to increase in the coming years.3 Increased intra-atrial pressure and dilatation have been long recognized to lead to AF,1,4 which highlights the relevance of using animal models and stretch to study AF dynamics. Understanding the mechanisms underlying AF requires visualization of the cardiac electrical waves with high spatial and temporal resolution. While high-temporal resolution can be achieved by conventional electrical mapping traditionally used in human electrophysiological studies, the small number of intra-atrial electrodes that can be used simultaneously limits the spatial resolution and precludes any detailed tracking of the electrical waves during the arrhythmia. The introduction of optical mapping in the early 90's enabled wide-field characterization of fibrillatory activity together with sub-millimeter spatial resolution in animal models5,6 and led to the identification of rapidly spinning electrical wave patterns (rotors) as the sources of the fibrillatory activity that may occur in the ventricles or the atria.7-9 Using combined time- and frequency-domain analyses of optical mapping it is possible to demonstrate discrete sites of high frequency periodic activity during AF, along with frequency gradients between left and right atrium. The region with fastest rotors activates at the highest frequency and drives the overall arrhythmia.10,11 The waves emanating from such rotor interact with either functional or anatomic obstacles in their path, resulting in the phenomenon of fibrillatory conduction.12 Mapping the endocardial surface of the posterior left atrium (PLA) allows the tracking of AF wave dynamics in the region with the highest rotor frequency. Importantly, the PLA is the region where intracavitary catheter-based ablative procedures are most successful terminating AF in patients,13 which underscores the relevance of studying AF dynamics from the interior of the left atrium. Here we describe a sheep model of acute stretch-induced AF, which resembles some of the characteristics of human paroxysmal AF. Epicardial mapping on the left atrium is complemented with endocardial mapping of the PLA using a dual-channel rigid borescope c-mounted to a CCD camera, which represents the most direct approach to visualize the patterns of activation in the most relevant region for AF maintenance.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation at JoVE.com

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

इस रिपोर्ट पद्धति और युगपत endocardial और epicardial बरकरार Langendorff perfused खिंचाव प्रेरित atrial fibrillation के दौरान भेड़ दिल के बाएं आलिंद में बिजली उत्तेजना के ऑप्टिकल मानचित्रण के परिणामों के एक विस्तृत वर्णन प्रदान करता है.

उच्च संकल्प endocardial और Epicardial खींचो प्रेरित atrial fibrillation के एक भेड़ मॉडल में ऑप्टिकल मानचित्रण

 Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex cardiac arrhythmia with high morbidity and mortality.1,2 It is the most common sustained cardiac rhythm disturbance ...

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