Name: probing the brain in autism using fmri and diffusion tensor imaging
Uploaded: 2011-09-12T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging at JoVE.com

作者想感谢他们与该项目的帮助下，在不同的阶段，杰夫秋季亚历山大基伦，查尔斯井，凯西皮尔逊，Vaibhav Paneri。这项工作是由UAB的心理学系的启动资金，麦克纳尔蒂- Civitan科学家奖CCTS试点研究资助（5UL1RR025777）RK部支持。

1。扫描个人有发展障碍的的特殊技巧： 虽然神经影像学本身是一个复杂的的技术，用核磁共振成像扫描儿科人口和发育障碍的人可以非常challenging.The的主要问题是：1）头部运动失调，特别是儿童的人，可能很难保持静止整个功能磁共振成像扫描仪扫描会话。这可能会导致头部运动，这反过来可能会影响数据的质量; 2）孤独症儿童有极端的感官的敏感性和可能，在封闭的空间?...

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本文中所描述的方法和程序，在认知神经科学和神经影像学的基本原则为基础。两者合计，这些方法提供了一个令人信服的评估系统级的儿童，成人，并在与疾病的人的大脑功能框架。在这些方法的基础上的研究已与孤独症个体特征不和谐的大脑功能，尤其是有影响力的。 虽然这里介绍的技术移植到其他人群，以解决有关的理论问题，11,12,13,14，是需要认真注意小儿?...

probing the brain in autism using fmri and diffusion tensor imaging

新兴的理论认为，大脑功能不作为一个自闭症的凝聚力单位，这种不一致是反映在个人与孤独症显示行为症状。虽然结构神经影像学检查结果到自闭症的大脑异常提供了一些见解，这些研究结果的一致性是值得商榷的。脑功能成像，另一方面，已经在这方面进行了富有成果的，因为自闭症是一种动态处理的障碍，并允许检查皮质的网络，这似乎是潜在的问题发生在自闭症之间的沟通。被定义为时间相关的空​​间独立的神经events1功能连接。从最近的fMRI研究结果都支持的想法，是大脑的不同部位，应共同努力，完成复杂的社会或语言问题2,3,4,5,6弱之间的协调。孤独症的奥秘之一，是伴随着相对完整的，有时会增强，能力，在若干领域的赤字共存。这种复杂的孤独症的表现要求在神经层面，为全球和全面的无序的检查。最近在自闭症大脑功能的一个引人注目的帐户，2,7皮质underconnectivity理论，提供了一个孤独症的神经生物学基础的综合性框架。皮质underconnectivity自闭症的理论表明，任何一种语言，社会，心理功能是依赖于多个大脑区域一体化是容易中断处理需求的增加。自闭症，在大脑中的一体化电路underfunctioning，可能会导致广泛underconnectivity。换句话说，有自闭症的人可能在一个头痛医头，脚痛医脚的方式解释整个费用的信息。由于皮质underconnectivity的大脑区域之间，尤其是额叶皮层和更多的3,6后地区，现在已经比较完善，我们就可以开始进一步了解大脑连接的自闭症症状的重要组成部分。 逻辑在这个方向的下一个步骤是检查的解剖连接可能调解上述功能连接。弥散张量成像（DTI）是一个相对较新的神经影像学技术，帮助探针在大脑中扩散的水来推断脑白质纤维的完整性。在这种技术中，在大脑中的水扩散研究在几个方向扩散梯度。虽然功能连接提供有关的大脑在不同的脑区的激活在一个任务或在休息的同步信息，贸工部有助于理解底层的轴突组织可能有助于脑区之间的串扰。本文将介绍作为有价值的工具在了解自闭症，并在这方面的研究行所面临的挑战大脑的这些技术。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging at JoVE.com

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

影像学技术，如功能磁共振成像和弥散张量成像，已成为越来越有用的刻画在自闭症的认知和神经赤字。在自闭症患者的大脑连接在沿扫描与发育残疾的儿童改编的网络水平考试。

探讨孤独症的脑功能磁共振成像和弥散张量成像

Newly emerging theories suggest that the brain does not function as a cohesive unit in autism, and this discordance is reflected in the behavioral ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Magnetic Resonance Derived Myocardial Strain Assessment Using Feature Tracking

磁共振衍生的心肌劳损评估使用特征跟踪

Purpose: An accurate and practical method to measure parameters like strain in myocardial tissue is of great clinical value, since it has been shown, that ...

科研

医学

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia

一项战略，以确定在常见的疾病，如自闭症和精神分裂症的新突变

There are several lines of evidence supporting the role of de novo mutations as a mechanism for common disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia. First, ...

MRI-guided Disruption of the Blood-brain Barrier using Transcranial Focused Ultrasound in a Rat Model

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Focused ultrasound (FUS) disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an increasingly investigated technique for circumventing the BBB1-5. The BBB is a ...

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

自闭症幼儿的眼动追踪

The rise of accessible commercial eye-tracking systems has fueled a rapid increase in their use in psychological and psychiatric research. By providing a ...

The Use of Pharmacological-challenge fMRI in Pre-clinical Research: Application to the 5-HT System

挑战的药理功能磁共振成像：在临床前研究使用的5  - 羟色胺系统中的应用

Pharmacological MRI (phMRI) is a new and promising method to study the effects of substances on brain function that can ultimately be used to unravel ...

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

磁共振扩散张量成像在神经退行性疾病的分析

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques provide information on the microstructural processes of the cerebral white matter (WM) in vivo. The present ...

MRI and PET in Mouse Models of Myocardial Infarction

MRI和PET心肌梗死小鼠模型

Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death in the Western world. The similarity of the mouse heart to the human heart has made it an ...

In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Tumors and Arthritis Using Fluorescent SapC-DOPS Nanovesicles

In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Tumors and Arthritis Using Fluorescent SapC-DOPS Nanovesicles

在脑肿瘤和关节炎的用荧光SAPC-DOPS纳米囊泡体光学成像

We describe a multi-angle rotational optical imaging (MAROI) system for in vivo monitoring of physiopathological processes labeled with a fluorescent ...

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

跟踪乳腺建筑特色与检测乳腺癌的磁共振扩散张量成像

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer among women worldwide. Early detection of breast cancer has a critical role in improving the quality of ...

Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function

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The oculomotor system involves a large number of brain areas including parts of the basal ganglia, and various neurodegenerative diseases including ...