Name: probing the brain in autism using fmri and diffusion tensor imaging
Uploaded: 2011-09-12T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging at JoVE.com

लेखकों परियोजना के साथ उनकी मदद के लिए विभिन्न चरणों में शरद ऋतु अलेक्जेंडर, जेफ Killen, चार्ल्स वेल्स, कैथी Pearson के, और वैभव Paneri धन्यवाद देना चाहूंगा. इस काम मनोविज्ञान संकाय स्टार्टअप धन, वैज्ञानिक McNulty Civitan पुरस्कार और आर.के. CCTS पायलट अनुसंधान अनुदान (5UL1RR025777) के UAB विभाग द्वारा समर्थित है.

1. विकास विकलांग व्यक्तियों के साथ स्कैन के लिए विशेष तकनीक: 1) प्रमुख गति: विकारों, विशेष रूप से बच्चों के साथ लोगों में अभी भी यह मुश्किल रखने के लिए मिल सकता है जबकि खुद न्यूरोइमेजिंग एक जटिल त...

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W., Sundaram, S. K., Kumar, A., Chugani, D. C., Chugani, H. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aberrant+diffusion+and+geometric+properties+in+the+left+arcuate+fasciculus+of+developmentally+delayed+children:+a+diffusion+tensor+imaging+study.">Aberrant diffusion and geometric properties in the left arcuate fasciculus of developmentally delayed children: a diffusion tensor imaging study.</a> AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 32, 323-330 (2011).</li><li>Mulder, M. 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इस पत्र में वर्णित तरीकों और प्रक्रियाओं संज्ञानात्मक तंत्रिका विज्ञान और न्यूरोइमेजिंग के बुनियादी सिद्धांतों में आधारित हैं. साथ में ले ली, इन तरीकों सिस्टम स्तर पर बच्चों, वयस्कों, और विकारों के स...

probing the brain in autism using fmri and diffusion tensor imaging

Newly emerging theories suggest that the brain does not function as a cohesive unit in autism, and this discordance is reflected in the behavioral symptoms displayed by individuals with autism. While structural neuroimaging findings have provided some insights into brain abnormalities in autism, the consistency of such findings is questionable. Functional neuroimaging, on the other hand, has been more fruitful in this regard because autism is a disorder of dynamic processing and allows examination of communication between cortical networks, which appears to be where the underlying problem occurs in autism. Functional connectivity is defined as the temporal correlation of spatially separate neurological events1. Findings from a number of recent fMRI studies have supported the idea that there is weaker coordination between different parts of the brain that should be working together to accomplish complex social or language problems2,3,4,5,6. One of the mysteries of autism is the coexistence of deficits in several domains along with relatively intact, sometimes enhanced, abilities. Such complex manifestation of autism calls for a global and comprehensive examination of the disorder at the neural level. A compelling recent account of the brain functioning in autism, the cortical underconnectivity theory,2,7 provides an integrating framework for the neurobiological bases of autism. The cortical underconnectivity theory of autism suggests that any language, social, or psychological function that is dependent on the integration of multiple brain regions is susceptible to disruption as the processing demand increases. In autism, the underfunctioning of integrative circuitry in the brain may cause widespread underconnectivity. In other words, people with autism may interpret information in a piecemeal fashion at the expense of the whole. Since cortical underconnectivity among brain regions, especially the frontal cortex and more posterior areas 3,6, has now been relatively well established, we can begin to further understand brain connectivity as a critical component of autism symptomatology.
A logical next step in this direction is to examine the anatomical connections that may mediate the functional connections mentioned above. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a relatively novel neuroimaging technique that helps probe the diffusion of water in the brain to infer the integrity of white matter fibers. In this technique, water diffusion in the brain is examined in several directions using diffusion gradients. While functional connectivity provides information about the synchronization of brain activation across different brain areas during a task or during rest, DTI helps in understanding the underlying axonal organization which may facilitate the cross-talk among brain areas. This paper will describe these techniques as valuable tools in understanding the brain in autism and the challenges involved in this line of research.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging at JoVE.com

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

कार्यात्मक एमआरआई और प्रसार tensor इमेजिंग जैसे न्यूरोइमेजिंग तकनीक, autism में संज्ञानात्मक और तंत्रिका घाटे निस्र्पक में तेजी से उपयोगी हो गए हैं. आत्मकेंद्रित में मस्तिष्क कनेक्टिविटी के विकास विकलांग बच्चों स्कैनिंग के लिए रूपांतरों के साथ एक नेटवर्क के स्तर पर एक परीक्षा में प्रस्तुत किया है.

Autism में ब्रेन जांच fMRI और प्रसार Tensor इमेजिंग का उपयोग

Newly emerging theories suggest that the brain does not function as a cohesive unit in autism, and this discordance is reflected in the behavioral ...

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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques provide information on the microstructural processes of the cerebral white matter (WM) in vivo. The present ...

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