Name: herbivore-induced blueberry volatiles and intra-plant signaling
Uploaded: 2011-12-18T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling at JoVE.com

Forfatteren takker Robert Holdcraft for teknisk assistanse. Denne studien ble finansiert delvis ved USDA CSREES Special Grant (2009-34155-19957) og luke fond (NJ08192).

1. Lokale induksjon av flyktige: herbivore skade <ol><li> To grener av blåbær planter er sikret med en spunnet polyester ermet. </li><li> Seks Gypsy Moth sommerfugllarver (2 nd -3 rd instars) er plassert på innsiden av poser og lov til å mate på planter i 2 dager før volatile samling. Kontroll plantene ikke får noen sommerfugllarver. </li><li> Flyktige utslipp er samlet som beskrevet nedenfor (protokoll # 7) på dag 3 (figur 1). Polyester ermene forbli på planter for å h...

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	<li>Dicke, M., Van Loon, J. J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multitrophic+effects+of+herbivore-induced+plant+volatiles+in+an+evolutionary+context.">Multitrophic effects of herbivore-induced plant volatiles in an evolutionary context.</a> Entomol. Exp. Appl. 97, 237-237 (2000).</li><li>Mumm, R., Dicke, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Variation+in+natural+plant+products+and+the+attraction+of+bodyguards+involved+in+indirect+plant+defense.">Variation in natural plant products and the attraction of bodyguards involved in indirect plant defense.</a> Can. J. Zool. 88, 628-628 (2010).</li><li>Hopke, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Herbivore-induced+volatiles:+the+emission+of+acyclic+homoterpenes+from+leaves+of+Phaseolus+lunatus+and+Zea+mays+can+be+triggered+by+a+&#946;-glucosidase+and+jasmonic+acid.">Herbivore-induced volatiles: the emission of acyclic homoterpenes from leaves of Phaseolus lunatus and Zea mays can be triggered by a &#946;-glucosidase and jasmonic acid.</a> FEBS Lett. 352, 146-146 (1994).</li><li>Rodriguez-Saona, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Behavioral+and+electrophysiological+responses+of+the+emerald+ash+borer,+Agrilus+planipennis,+to+induced+volatiles+of+Manchurian+ash,+Fraxinus+mandshurica.">Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis, to induced volatiles of Manchurian ash, Fraxinus mandshurica.</a> Chemoecology. 16, 75-75 (2006).</li><li>Rodriguez-Saona, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Herbivore+induced+volatiles+in+the+perennial+shrub,+Vaccinium+corymbosum,+and+their+role+in+inter-branch+signaling.">Herbivore induced volatiles in the perennial shrub, Vaccinium corymbosum, and their role in inter-branch signaling.</a> J. Chem. Ecol. 35, 163-163 (2009).</li><li>Karban, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Damage-induced+resistance+in+sagebrush:+volatiles+are+key+to+intra-+and+interplant+communication.">Damage-induced resistance in sagebrush: volatiles are key to intra- and interplant communication.</a> Ecology. 87, 922-922 (2006).</li><li>Frost, C. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Within-plant+signalling+by+volatiles+overcomes+vascular+constraints+on+systemic+signalling+and+primes+responses+against+herbivores.">Within-plant signalling by volatiles overcomes vascular constraints on systemic signalling and primes responses against herbivores.</a> Ecol. Lett. 10, 490-490 (2007).</li><li>Heil, M., Bueno Silva, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Within-plant+signaling+by+volatiles+leads+to+induction+and+priming+of+an+indirect+plant+defense+in+nature.">Within-plant signaling by volatiles leads to induction and priming of an indirect plant defense in nature.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 5467-5467 (2007).</li><li>Turlings, T. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exploitation+of+herbivore-induced+plant+odors+by+host-seeking+parasitic+wasps.">Exploitation of herbivore-induced plant odors by host-seeking parasitic wasps.</a> Science. 250, 1251-1251 (1990).</li><li>Makovic, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Volatiles+involved+in+the+nonhost+rejection+of+Fraxinus+pennsylvanica+by+Lymantria+dispar+larvae.">Volatiles involved in the nonhost rejection of Fraxinus pennsylvanica by Lymantria dispar larvae.</a> J. Agric. Food Chem. 44, 929-929 (1996).</li></ol>

The push-pull volatile collection apparatus described here represents a standard method for headspace collections of plant volatiles. This apparatus was used to determine the volatile response of blueberry leaves to herbivory by gypsy moth caterpillars and also allowed me to provide new evidence for the role of HIPVs in intra-plant signaling.
The results presented here show that caterpillar feeding, exogenously-applied MeJA , and mechanical wounding increased volatile emissions at the site of...

<table border="1"><tr><td> Navn på reagens </td><td> Firma </td><td> Katalognummer </td><td> Kommentarer </td></tr><tr><td> Flyktige samling kamre </td><td> Analytical Research Systems, Inc. </td><td> VCC-G6X12DT-1P </td><td> Gainesville, FL </td></tr><tr><td> Luftkompressor, 20 gal, oljefri, 2 hp </td><td> Westward </td><td> 3JR71 </td><td> Selges av Grainger, Inc. </td></tr><tr><td> Air levering system </td><td> Analytical Research Systems, Inc. </td><td> VCS-ADS-4AFM4C </td><td> Gainesville, FL </td></tr><tr><td> Air samling system </td><td> Analytical Research Systems, Inc. </td><td> VCS-MVCS-4CX1P </td><td> Gainesville, FL </td></tr><tr><td> Vakuum pumpe 100-150V, ¼ hp </td><td> Gast Manufacturing, Inc. </td><td> <a href="http://www.grainger.com/Grainger/GAST-Vacuum-Pump-4F740">4F740</a> </td><td> Selges av Grainger, Inc. </td></tr><tr><td> Methyl jasmonate </td><td> Sigma-Aldrich &lt;/ Td&gt; <td> J2500 </td><td> St. Louis, MO </td></tr><tr><td> Tween-20 </td><td> Sigma-Aldrich </td><td> 93773 </td><td> St. Louis, MO </td></tr><tr><td> Rhodamine-B </td><td> Sigma-Aldrich </td><td></td><td> St. Louis, MO </td></tr><tr><td> Plastic spray flasker, 2 oz </td><td> Setco Inc. </td><td></td><td> Cranbury, NJ </td></tr><tr><td> Spunnet polyester ermene </td><td> Rockingham Muligheter Corp </td><td></td><td> Reidsville, NC </td></tr><tr><td> Super-Q volatile samling feller </td><td> Analytical Research Systems, Inc. </td><td> VCT-1/4X3-SPQ </td><td> Gainesville, FL </td></tr><tr><td> Scion Bilde Software </td><td> Scion Corporation </td><td></td><td> Frederick, MD </td></tr><tr><td> Diklormetan </td><td> Sigma-Aldrich </td><td> 270997 </td><td> St. Louis, MO </td></tr><tr><td> Gasskromatograf HP 6890 </td><td> Hewlett Packard </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Gasskromatograf Varian 3400 </td><td> Varian </td><td&gt; </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> n-oktan </td><td> Sigma-Aldrich </td><td> 296988 </td><td> St. Louis, MO </td></tr><tr><td> Massespektrometer MAT 8230 </td><td> Finnigan </td><td></td><td> San Jose, CA </td></tr><tr><td> HP-1 GC kolonne </td><td> Agilent Technologies </td><td></td><td> Palo Alto, CA </td></tr><tr><td> MDN-5S GC kolonne </td><td> Supelco, Inc. </td><td></td><td> Bellefonte, PA </td></tr></table>

herbivore-induced blueberry volatiles and intra-plant signaling

Herbivore-indusert anlegget flyktige (HIPVs) er vanligvis slippes ut fra anleggene etter herbivore angrep 1,2. Disse HIPVs er i hovedsak regulert av defensive anlegget hormonet jasmonic syre (JA) og flyktige avledede metyl jasmonate (MeJA) 3,4,5. Over de siste tre tiårene har forskerne dokumentert at HIPVs kan frastøte eller tiltrekke planteetere, tiltrekker den naturlige fiender av planteetere, og i noen tilfeller kan de indusere eller prime plante forsvar før herbivore angrep. I en nyere artikkel 6, rapporterte jeg at fôring av sigøyner møll sommerfugllarver, eksogene MeJA søknad, og mekaniske skader indusere utslippene av flyktige stoffer fra blåbær planter, om enn annerledes. I tillegg blåbær grener svare på HIPVs slippes ut fra nabolandet grener av den samme planten ved å øke nivåene av JA og motstand mot planteetere (dvs. direkte plante forsvar), og ved priming flyktige utslipp (dvs. indirekte plante forsvar). Lignende finneninger har blitt rapportert nylig for Sagebrush 7, poppel 8 og lima bønner ni .. Her beskriver jeg en push-pull metode for å samle blåbær flyktige indusert av herbivore (sigøyner møll) fôring, eksogene MeJA søknad, og mekaniske skader. De flyktige samling Enheten består av en 4 L flyktige samling kammer, en 2-delt giljotin, en luft levering system som renser innkommende luft, og et vakuum system koblet til en felle fylt med Super-Q adsorbent å samle flyktige 5,6,10 . Flyktige samles i Super-Q fellene er elueres med diklormetan og deretter separert og kvantifisert ved hjelp av gasskromatografi (GC). Denne flyktige innsamlingsmetode ble brukt n min studie 6 til undersøke flyktige responsen uskadet grener til eksponering for flyktige fra herbivore-skadet grener innen blåbær planter. Disse metodene er beskrevet her. Kort fortalt er uskadet blåbær greiner utsatt for HIPVs from nabolandet grener innenfor samme plante. Ved å bruke de samme teknikkene som er beskrevet ovenfor, er flyktige stoffer som slippes ut fra greinene etter eksponering for HIPVs innsamlet og analysert.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling at JoVE.com

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

En push-pull metode for å samle planter flyktige stoffer er beskrevet. Metoden åpner for en sammenligning av flyktige indusert av herbivore fôring, eksogene metyl jasmonate, og mekaniske skader. Denne teknikken brukes også til å undersøke den flyktige responsen uskadet grener til eksponering for flyktige fra herbivore-skadet grener innen blåbær planter.

Herbivore-indusert Blueberry flyktige og Intra-plante signaleringsprotokoll

Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are commonly emitted from plants after herbivore attack1,2.  These HIPVs are mainly regulated by the defensive ...

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