Name: synthetic, multi-layer, self-oscillating vocal fold model fabrication
Uploaded: 2011-12-02T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthetic, Multi-Layer, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Model Fabrication at JoVE.com

الكتاب الامتنان المنح R03DC8200 ، R01DC9616 وR01DC5788 من المعهد القومي للصمم واضطرابات التواصل الأخرى للحصول على الدعم من نموذج التنمية الصناعية.

تسلسل تلفيق (انظر الشكل 1) ويتكون من صنع قوالب للطبقات الصوتية طراز أضعاف ، صب بالتسلسل طبقات السيليكون ، وتركيب نماذج للاختبار. نموذج من أربع طبقات متميزة هي : الجسم ، والرباط ، وسطحية الصفيحة المخصوصة ، وظهارة ، بالإضافة إلى واحد من الألياف. تتم إضافة طبقة د?...

<ol>
	<li>Hirano, M., Kakita, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cover-body+theory+of+vocal+fold+vibration.">Cover-body theory of vocal fold vibration.</a> Speech Science: Recent Advances. , 1-46 (1985).</li><li>Pickup, B. A., Thomson, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influence+of+asymmetric+stiffness+on+the+structural+and+aerodynamic+response+of+synthetic+vocal+fold+models.">Influence of asymmetric stiffness on the structural and aerodynamic response of synthetic vocal fold models.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 42 (14), 2219-2225 (2009).</li><li>Zhang, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Vibration+in+a+self-oscillating+vocal+fold+model+with+left-right+asymmetry+in+body-layer+stiffness.">Vibration in a self-oscillating vocal fold model with left-right asymmetry in body-layer stiffness.</a> Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 128 (5), EL279-EL285 (2010).</li><li>Popolo, P. S., Titze, I. 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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Coherent+structures+of+the+near+field+flow+in+a+self-oscillating+physical+model+of+the+vocal+folds.">Coherent structures of the near field flow in a self-oscillating physical model of the vocal folds.</a> Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 121 (2), 1102-1118 (2007).</li><li>Drechsel, J. S., Thomson, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influence+of+supraglottal+structures+on+the+glottal+jet+exiting+a+two-layer+synthetic,+self-oscillating+vocal+fold+model.">Influence of supraglottal structures on the glottal jet exiting a two-layer synthetic, self-oscillating vocal fold model.</a> Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 123 (6), 4434-4445 (2008).</li><li>Becker, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flow-structure-acoustic+interaction+in+a+human+voice+model.">Flow-structure-acoustic interaction in a human voice model.</a> Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 125 (3), 1351-1361 (2009).</li><li>Spencer, M., Siegmund, T., Mongeau, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+study+of+the+self-oscillation+of+a+model+larynx+by+digital+image+correlation.">Experimental study of the self-oscillation of a model larynx by digital image correlation.</a> Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 123 (2), 1089-1103 (2007).</li><li>Zhang, Z., Neubauer, J., Berry, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+influence+of+subglottal+acoustics+on+laboratory+models+of+phonation.">The influence of subglottal acoustics on laboratory models of phonation.</a> Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 120 (3), 1558-1569 (2006).</li><li>Kniesburges, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+experimental+investigation+of+voice+production.">In vitro experimental investigation of voice production.</a> Current Bioinformatics. , (2011).</li><li>Titze, I. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> The Myoelastic Aerodynamic Theory of Phonation. , 82-101 (2006).</li><li>Murray, P. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Flow-Induced Responses of Normal, Bowed, and Augmented Synthetic Vocal Fold Models. , (2011).</li><li>Baken, R. J., Orlikoff, R. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Clinical Measurement of Speech and Voice. , (2000).</li><li>Titze, I. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Principles of Voice Production. , (2000).</li><li>Pickup, B. A., Thomson, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flow-induced+vibratory+response+of+idealized+vs.+magnetic+resonance+imaging-based+synthetic+vocal+fold+models.">Flow-induced vibratory response of idealized vs. magnetic resonance imaging-based synthetic vocal fold models.</a> Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 128 (3), EL124-EL129 (2010).</li></ol>

هذا الأسلوب من افتعال الطية الصوتية الاصطناعية نماذج غلة نماذج السلوك الذي يحمل اهتزازي مماثلة لتلك الطيات الصوتية البشرية. نتائج مفهوم متعدد الطبقات في مزايا هامة على التصاميم السابقة نموذج واحد واثنين من طبقة 3،6،8،15 ، من حيث خفض الضغط وتحسين ظهور الحركة طرا?...

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synthetic, multi-layer, self-oscillating vocal fold model fabrication

Sound for the human voice is produced via flow-induced vocal fold vibration. The vocal folds consist of several layers of tissue, each with differing material properties 1. Normal voice production relies on healthy tissue and vocal folds, and occurs as a result of complex coupling between aerodynamic, structural dynamic, and acoustic physical phenomena. Voice disorders affect up to 7.5 million annually in the United States alone 2 and often result in significant financial, social, and other quality-of-life difficulties. Understanding the physics of voice production has the potential to significantly benefit voice care, including clinical prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of voice disorders.
Existing methods for studying voice production include in vivo experimentation using human and animal subjects, in vitro experimentation using excised larynges and synthetic models, and computational modeling. Owing to hazardous and difficult instrument access, in vivo experiments are severely limited in scope. Excised larynx experiments have the benefit of anatomical and some physiological realism, but parametric studies involving geometric and material property variables are limited. Further, they are typically only able to be vibrated for relatively short periods of time (typically on the order of minutes).
Overcoming some of the limitations of excised larynx experiments, synthetic vocal fold models are emerging as a complementary tool for studying voice production. Synthetic models can be fabricated with systematic changes to geometry and material properties, allowing for the study of healthy and unhealthy human phonatory aerodynamics, structural dynamics, and acoustics. For example, they have been used to study left-right vocal fold asymmetry 3,4, clinical instrument development 5, laryngeal aerodynamics 6-9, vocal fold contact pressure 10, and subglottal acoustics 11 (a more comprehensive list can be found in Kniesburges et al. 12)
Existing synthetic vocal fold models, however, have either been homogenous (one-layer models) or have been fabricated using two materials of differing stiffness (two-layer models). This approach does not allow for representation of the actual multi-layer structure of the human vocal folds 1 that plays a central role in governing vocal fold flow-induced vibratory response. Consequently, one- and two-layer synthetic vocal fold models have exhibited disadvantages 3,6,8 such as higher onset pressures than what are typical for human phonation (onset pressure is the minimum lung pressure required to initiate vibration), unnaturally large inferior-superior motion, and lack of a "mucosal wave" (a vertically-traveling wave that is characteristic of healthy human vocal fold vibration).
In this paper, fabrication of a model with multiple layers of differing material properties is described. The model layers simulate the multi-layer structure of the human vocal folds, including epithelium, superficial lamina propria (SLP), intermediate and deep lamina propria (i.e., ligament; a fiber is included for anterior-posterior stiffness), and muscle (i.e., body) layers 1. Results are included that show that the model exhibits improved vibratory characteristics over prior one- and two-layer synthetic models, including onset pressure closer to human onset pressure, reduced inferior-superior motion, and evidence of a mucosal wave.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthetic, Multi-Layer, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Model Fabrication at JoVE.com

Synthetic, Multi-Layer, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Model Fabrication

يوصف منهجية لافتعال الاصطناعية نماذج أضعاف الصوتية. نماذج هي الحياة الحجم وتحاكي بنية متعددة الطبقات من الطيات الصوتية في الإنسان. النتائج تظهر على نماذج لضغوط مماثلة للضغط على الرئة النفس التأرجح وشرح تدفق بفعل ردود الاهتزازية التي هي مشابهة لتلك الطيات الصوتية البشرية.

الاصطناعية ، ومتعدد الطبقات ، الذاتي تتأرجح صوتي تصنيع الغطاء النموذجي

Sound for the human voice is produced via flow-induced vocal fold vibration. The vocal folds consist of several layers of tissue, each with differing ...

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Bioengineering

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Synthetic Spider Silk Production on a Laboratory Scale

الاصطناعية إنتاج حرير العنكبوت على نطاق المختبر

As society progresses and resources become scarcer, it is becoming increasingly important to cultivate new technologies that engineer next generation ...

Microfluidic Chip Fabrication and Method to Detect Influenza

ميكروفلويديك تصنيع المعالج وطريقة للكشف عن الأنفلونزا

Fast  and effective diagnostics play an important role in controlling infectious  disease by enabling effective patient management and treatment. Here, we ...

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Cell/particle adhesion assays are critical to understanding the biochemical interactions involved in disease pathophysiology and have important ...

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp

التحقيق في فصل التدفق ثلاثي الأبعاد الناجم عن نموذج بوليب أضعاف الصوتية

The fluid-structure energy exchange process for normal speech has been studied extensively, but it is not well understood for pathological conditions. ...

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Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and ...

Construction and Characterization of a Novel Vocal Fold Bioreactor

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In vitro engineering of mechanically active tissues requires the presentation of physiologically relevant mechanical conditions to cultured cells. To ...

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البوليمر تصنيع صفيف إبرة مجهرية من قبل الطباعة التصويرية

This manuscript describes the fabrication of polymeric microneedle (MN) arrays by photolithography. It involves a simple mold-free process by using a ...

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غشاء حيوي تلفيق من المذيبات بمساعدة الدهون طبقة ثنائية (SALB) طريقة

In order to mimic cell membranes, the supported lipid bilayer (SLB) is an attractive platform which enables in vitro investigation of membrane-related ...

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باستخدام البيولوجيا الاصطناعية إلى المهندس الخلايا الحية تتفاعل مع المواد القابلة للبرمجة

We have developed an abiotic-biotic interface that allows engineered cells to control the material properties of a functionalized surface. This system is ...