Name: functional calcium imaging in developing cortical networks
Uploaded: 2011-10-22T14:00:00
Duration: 16 min 33 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Functional Calcium Imaging in Developing Cortical Networks at JoVE.com

Работа в лаборатории поддерживается Nederlandse Organisatie Вур Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) (917.10.372) для RMM. JD является филиалом Евросоюза FP7 BrainTrain программы ( <a href="http://www.brain-train.nl">www.brain-train.nl</a> ). Мы благодарим Питера Laurens-Baljon и Сабина Шмитц (оба CNCR, VU University Amsterdam) для изображений FP многоэлектродной массива сигналов и нейронных культур, используемых в видеоряд.

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LaVision Биотек ГмбХ (Билефельд, Германия), спонсором представления сборы этой рукописи статьи.

Методы, которые мы здесь продемонстрировать шоу подходящей протоколов для кальция визуализации сети динамики от идентифицируемых клеток в развивающихся коры и гиппокампа сетей в мышь, а также в головном мозге крыс. Эти методы обеспечивают оптимальное пространственное разрешение для визуализации локальной сети клеточных РРОС одновременно для измерения сверхпороговой деятельности. Временное разрешение сетевой активности может варьироваться, в зависимости от кадра приобретение ПЗС настройки камеры, чтобы оптимизировать сигнал: шум измерений для длительного сверхпороговой событий, как правило, находится в развивающейся нервной системы. Эти протоколы не ограничены гиппокампа и коры сетей, но и этикетка клеток по всему развивающейся нервной системы. Ограничение этого метода является то, что только деятельность сверхпороговой могут быть записаны.

functional calcium imaging in developing cortical networks

A hallmark pattern of activity in developing nervous systems is spontaneous, synchronized network activity. Synchronized activity has been observed in intact spinal cord, brainstem, retina, cortex and dissociated neuronal culture preparations. During periods of spontaneous activity, neurons depolarize to fire single or bursts of action potentials, activating many ion channels. Depolarization activates voltage-gated calcium channels on dendrites and spines that mediate calcium influx. Highly synchronized electrical activity has been measured from local neuronal networks using field electrodes. This technique enables high temporal sampling rates but lower spatial resolution due to integrated read-out of multiple neurons at one electrode. Single cell resolution of neuronal activity is possible using patch-clamp electrophysiology on single neurons to measure firing activity. However, the ability to measure from a network is limited to the number of neurons patched simultaneously, and typically is only one or two neurons. The use of calcium-dependent fluorescent indicator dyes has enabled the measurement of synchronized activity across a network of cells. This technique gives both high spatial resolution and sufficient temporal sampling to record spontaneous activity of the developing network.
A key feature of newly-forming cortical and hippocampal networks during pre- and early postnatal development is spontaneous, synchronized neuronal activity (Katz &amp; Shatz, 1996; Khaziphov &amp; Luhmann, 2006). This correlated network activity is believed to be essential for the generation of functional circuits in the developing nervous system (Spitzer, 2006). In both primate and rodent brain, early electrical and calcium network waves are observed pre- and postnatally in vivo and in vitro (Adelsberger et al., 2005; Garaschuk et al., 2000; Lamblin et al., 1999). These early activity patterns, which are known to control several developmental processes including neuronal differentiation, synaptogenesis and plasticity (Rakic &amp; Komuro, 1995; Spitzer et al., 2004) are of critical importance for the correct development and maturation of the cortical circuitry.
In this JoVE video, we demonstrate the methods used to image spontaneous activity in developing cortical networks. Calcium-sensitive indicators, such as Fura 2-AM ester diffuse across the cell membrane where intracellular esterase activity cleaves the AM esters to leave the cell-impermeant form of indicator dye. The impermeant form of indicator has carboxylic acid groups which are able to then detect and bind calcium ions intracellularly.. The fluorescence of the calcium-sensitive dye is transiently altered upon binding to calcium. Single or multi-photon imaging techniques are used to measure the change in photons being emitted from the dye, and thus indicate an alteration in intracellular calcium. Furthermore, these calcium-dependent indicators can be combined with other fluorescent markers to investigate cell types within the active network.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Functional Calcium Imaging in Developing Cortical Networks at JoVE.com

Functional Calcium Imaging in Developing Cortical Networks

Спонтанная активность развивающихся нейронных сетей может быть измерена с помощью AM-эфир форм кальция чувствительных красителей индикатора. Изменения внутриклеточного кальция, что указывает на нейронную активацию, определяются как временные изменения в индикаторе флуоресценции с одно-или двух-фотонной обработки изображений. Этот протокол может быть адаптирован для различных развивающих-зависимых нейронных сетей<em&gt; В пробирке</em&gt;.

Функциональной визуализации кальция в развивающихся Корковая сетей

A hallmark pattern of activity in developing nervous systems is spontaneous, synchronized network activity. Synchronized activity has been observed in ...

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