Name: behavioral determination of stimulus pair discrimination of auditory acoustic and electrical stimuli using a classical conditioning and heart-rate approach
Uploaded: 2012-06-06T12:00:00
Duration: 10 min 50 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach at

加内特传球和罗德尼·威廉斯纪念基金会和La Trobe大学的这项研究提供了资金。

<ol>
	<li>Mauger, S. J., Shivdasani, M. N., Rathbone, G. D., Argent, R. E., Paolini, A. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+in+vivo+investigation+of+first+spike+latencies+in+the+inferior+colliculus+in+response+to+multichannel+penetrating+auditory+brainstem+implant+stimulation.">An in vivo investigation of first spike latencies in the inferior colliculus in response to multichannel penetrating auditory brainstem implant stimulation.</a> Journal of Neural Engineering. 7, 036004-036004 (2010).</li><li>Shivdasani, M. N., Mauger, S. J., Argent, R. E., Rathbone, G. D., Paolini, A. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inferior+colliculus+responses+to+dual-site+intralamina+stimulation+in+the+ventral+cochlear+nucleus.">Inferior colliculus responses to dual-site intralamina stimulation in the ventral cochlear nucleus.</a> J. Comp. Neurol. 518, 4226-4242 (2010).</li><li>Shivdasani, M. N., Mauger, S. J., Rathbone, G. D., Paolini, A. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inferior+colliculus+responses+to+multichannel+microstimulation+of+the+ventral+cochlear+nucleus:+Implications+for+auditory+brain+stem+implants.">Inferior colliculus responses to multichannel microstimulation of the ventral cochlear nucleus: Implications for auditory brain stem implants.</a> Journal of Neurophysiology. 99, 1-13 (2007).</li><li>Lenarz, M., Lim, H. H., Patrick, J. F., Anderson, D. J., Lenarz, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrophysiological+Validation+of+a+Human+Prototype+Auditory+Midbrain+Implant+in+a+Guinea+Pig+Model.">Electrophysiological Validation of a Human Prototype Auditory Midbrain Implant in a Guinea Pig Model.</a> JARO. 7, 383-398 (2006).</li><li>Lim, H. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Auditory+Cortical+Responses+to+Electrical+Stimulation+of+the+Inferior+Colliculus:+Implications+for+an+Auditory+Midbrain+Implant.">Auditory Cortical Responses to Electrical Stimulation of the Inferior Colliculus: Implications for an Auditory Midbrain Implant.</a> Journal of Neurophysiology. 96, 975-988 (2006).</li><li>Otto, K. J., Rousche, P. J., Kipke, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microstimulation+in+auditory+cortex+provides+a+substrate+for+detailed+behaviors.">Microstimulation in auditory cortex provides a substrate for detailed behaviors.</a> Hearing research. 210, 112-117 (2005).</li><li>Gai, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Detection+of+Tones+in+Reproducible+Noise+Maskers+by+Rabbits+and+Comparison+to+Detection+by+Humans.">Detection of Tones in Reproducible Noise Maskers by Rabbits and Comparison to Detection by Humans.</a> JARO. 8, 522-538 (2007).</li><li>Miller, C. A., Woodruff, K. E., Pfingst, B. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+responses+from+guinea+pigs+with+cochlear+implants.+I.+Electrophysiological+and+psychophysical+measures.">Functional responses from guinea pigs with cochlear implants. I. Electrophysiological and psychophysical measures.</a> Hearing Research. 92, 85-99 (1995).</li><li>Beitel, R. E., Vollmer, M., Snyder, R. L., Schreiner, C. E., Leake, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Behavioral+and+neurophysiological+thresholds+for+electrical+cochlear+stimulation+in+the+deaf+cat.">Behavioral and neurophysiological thresholds for electrical cochlear stimulation in the deaf cat.</a> Audiology &#38; Neurotology. 5, 31-38 (2000).</li><li>Beitel, R. E., Snyder, R. L., Schreiner, C. E., Raggio, M. W., Leake, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrical+cochlear+stimulation+in+the+deaf+cat:+comparisons+between+psychophysical+and+central+auditory+neuronal+thresholds.">Electrical cochlear stimulation in the deaf cat: comparisons between psychophysical and central auditory neuronal thresholds.</a> J. Neurophysiol. 83, 2145-2162 (2000).</li><li>Vollmer, M., Beitel, R. E., Snyder, R. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Auditory+detection+and+discrimination+in+deaf+cats:+Psychophysical+and+neural+thresholds+for+intracochlear+electrical+signals.">Auditory detection and discrimination in deaf cats: Psychophysical and neural thresholds for intracochlear electrical signals.</a> Journal of Neurophysiology. 86, 2330-2343 (2001).</li><li>LeDoux, J. E., Cicchetti, P., Xagoraris, A., Romanski, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+lateral+amygdaloid+nucleus:+sensory+interface+of+the+amygdala+in+fear+conditioning.">The lateral amygdaloid nucleus: sensory interface of the amygdala in fear conditioning.</a> Journal of Neuroscience. 10, 1062-1069 (1990).</li><li>McCreery, D. B., Yuen, T. G., Agnew, W. F., Bullara, L. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+characterization+of+the+effects+on+neuronal+excitability+due+to+prolonged+microstimulation+with+chronically+implanted+microelectrodes.">A characterization of the effects on neuronal excitability due to prolonged microstimulation with chronically implanted microelectrodes.</a> IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 44, 931-939 (1997).</li><li>Liu, X., McPhee, G., Seldon, H. L., Clark, G. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Histological+and+physiological+effects+of+the+central+auditory+prosthesis:+surface+versus+penetrating+electrodes.">Histological and physiological effects of the central auditory prosthesis: surface versus penetrating electrodes.</a> Hearing Research. 114, 264-274 (1997).</li><li>Polikov, V. S., Tresco, P. A., Reichert, W. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Response+of+brain+tissue+to+chronically+implanted+neural+electrodes.">Response of brain tissue to chronically implanted neural electrodes.</a> Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 148, 1-18 (2005).</li></ol>

安东尼奥·保利尼是博士Bioengenesis科技控股有限公司是澳大利亚的，塔克戴维斯技术和NeuroNexus探头澳大利亚经销商的代表董事。

这里描述的技术为手段测试了一系列的歧视任务迅速，短期培训时间和大量的自动化，从而最大限度地减少研究人员进行数据处理所需的时间。使用植入心电图，计算心率（HR）在刺激呈现时间的变化，从获得的数据可以实现自动化。心电信号处理中的错误（如缺少一个单一的心拍）可以很容易地确定为它们产生大的变化，一个非常短暂的时期明显心率不合逻辑，这种简单的错误检测，最大限度地减少时间密集型的数据手册审查的要求。 心电图遥测装置植入中描述的技术不断产生很少或根本没有干扰的录音（参见图1和图2）。然而，在率先在纵隔区域的位置相对小的变化可能导致的干扰，从附近的肌肉和特定的呼吸相关的噪音。验证正确的位置，特别是缝合到位线索后，在植入过程中的线索，让领先位置的微调，以减少干扰。 大脑植入到耳蜗核的过程是困难的。通过使用带通滤波器的几个频率范围的噪音，而不是宽带噪声序列介绍，先前已使用3，可迅速审查电极位置的细胞群的反应，而在频率响应方面比少特定的噪音响应。能够迅速找出足够的频率调谐的细胞群访问时正在测试时，电刺激歧视的研究是至关重要的。如果得到足够的频率分布，然后比较不同频率的刺激之间是根本没有可能​​。然而，较长的过程频率幅度响应的映射仍然提供细节方面的调节细胞群的广度和固定在电极前应执行的关键。 在行为训练和测试，列入非刺激（或沉默）之间的试验期间，刺激发病前，允许初始刺激发病的响应进行审查。使用电神经刺激时，刺激发病的响应提供了刺激的简单检测的证据。因此，有没有刺激发病响应，但时引入第二交替刺激的反应时，它可以推断​​，只有后者的刺激可以检测。没有列入这样一个沉默的时间内，将有没有办法确定，前者刺激未检出。 这种行为检测技术的限制是没有脚的冲击交付后neura介绍升的刺激可能会导致发展的特殊性，在条件恐惧，这种恐惧声刺激时表示。也就是说，动物学习，特别是神经刺激的感官效果不接受足部电击。相比之下，提供神经刺激后在脚的冲击可能导致的神经刺激本身，从不同的神经刺激可能有任何声音，像空调的恐惧。不包括神经刺激后，脚休克时，得到的结果肯定神经刺激比使用脚休克，神经刺激后，在前者的情况下，空调的恐惧已普遍从声刺激神经的声音，像提供更有力的证据。然而，发展的特殊性，而不是神经刺激声的风险是存在的。使用带通过滤噪音声刺激，而不是纯音阵阵，其中前可以更好地反映神经刺激的知觉经验，可以减少风险的这种发展的特殊性。然而，这样一个过程，介绍了滤波器的频带宽度的额外的变数，这将影响歧视任务。 额外的限制，如行为测试所需，任何慢性神经植入相关的是，随着时间的推移电极或相关的神经组织的功能变化。刺激可导致神经组织都暂时抑制神经活动13和组织的变化，如细 ​​胞损失14和直接的脑组织反应的电极15。 植入和行为测试所描述的方法提供了一种手段来测试用简短的培训，检测和声学和电刺激的歧视和能力发挥审判频率控制。作为测量电在人力资源变化的技术空调恐惧E可能是适用的，不仅听觉测试，但更普遍地刺激可以提交任何离散时期，并在其中检测感官歧视的需要任何感官检验。

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 名称 </td><td> 公司 </td><td> 模型 </td><td> 评论 </td></tr><tr><td> PowerLab系统</td><td> ADInstruments </td><td> ML880 </td><td>记录的数据收到植入TR40发射</td></tr><tr><td> SmartCtrl控制器卡</td><td> MED公司</td><td>辛-716B </td><td>控制行为的测试，包括足部电击室， </td></tr><tr><td>模块化的行为试验室</td><td> MED公司</td><td> ENV-009 </td><td>试验室尺寸：30.5公分x39.4厘米</td></tr><tr><td>厌恶刺激发生器</td><td> MED公司</td><td> env-410B的</td><td>提供厌恶脚休克的金属栏笼的地板，通过固态扰单位</td></tr><tr><td>可编程衰减器</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> PA5 </td><td>控制的AMPLitude的传递声​​波信号频率，以确保在稳定的振幅</td></tr><tr><td>静电扬声器驱动器</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> ED1 </td><td>驱动静电​​扬声器（EC1的，ES1） </td></tr><tr><td>自由场的静电扬声器</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> ES1 </td><td>声音扬声器使用此行为试验室</td></tr><tr><td>耦合静电扬声器</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> EC1的</td><td>神经植入手术过程中使用此扬声器声音</td></tr><tr><td>刺激基地站</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> RX7 </td><td>控制交付电神经刺激（MS16用于） </td></tr><tr><td>式微</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> MS16 </td><td>提供多声道的电神经刺激</td></tr><tr><td>加工基地站</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> RZ2 </td><td>记录神经活动在大脑植入（PZ2前置） </td></tr><tr><td>前置放大器</td><td> ，TDT </td><td> PZ2-256 </td><td> 256通道高阻抗前置放大器</td></tr><tr><td>遥测设备的接收器</td><td>遥测研究</td><td> TR162 </td><td>从TR40数字信号接收，并转换成模拟输出放大</td></tr><tr><td>植入式心电遥测设备</td><td>遥测研究</td><td> TR40 </td><td>植入发射装置，在2kHz采样</td></tr><tr><td>多功能处理器</td><td>塔克戴维斯技术（TDT）分析</td><td> RX6 </td><td>用于产生听觉刺激</td></tr><tr><td>顶点Castavaria </td><td>顶点牙科</td><td></td><td>牙科丙烯酸类用来固定在电极</td></tr><tr><td> KWIK-SIL胶粘剂， 低粘度</td><td>世界精密仪器</td><td></td><td>硅橡胶涂层电极柄</td></tr><tr><td>多通道电极</td><td> NeuroNexus </td><td> a2x16-10MM 100-500-413 </td><td> 2柄32通道外电极阵列植入。生产准备的刺激铱氧化物涂层电极的用地，已被激活。 </td></tr></tbody></table>

behavioral determination of stimulus pair discrimination of auditory acoustic and electrical stimuli using a classical conditioning and heart-rate approach

急性动物制剂已用于电极设计和技术集成的刺激听觉神经假肢，如听觉脑干植入1-3和听觉中脑植入4,5前瞻性调查研究。虽然急性实验可以给植入的成效初步的洞察力，长期植入和清醒动物测试提供了研究的感觉的心理属性的优势诱导植入设备使用6,7。 如奖励为基础的操作条件6-8，条件避税9-11，或古典恐惧空调12几种技术已被用于提供相关的刺激属性的行为检测确认。技术的选择涉及平衡的各个方面，包括时间效率（通常是基于奖励办法中的穷人），能力测试多个刺激属性同时（空调避税有限），并测量反复刺激（生理措施时，一个潜在的约束）的可靠性。 在这里，古典恐惧制约行为的方法，可以用来同时测试两种检测刺激，两个刺激之间的歧视。心率是用来作为衡量的恐惧反应，从而减少或消除了耗时的视频编码冻结行为或其他类似措施的规定（尽管这些措施可包括提供收敛的证据）。空调使用这些技术，在3个2小时的空调会议，各提供48个刺激试验动物。随后的48个试验测试，然后用来测试提出对每个刺激，检测和测试对每个成员的刺激之间的歧视。 这种行为的方法利用其在听觉假肢研究中。植入心电图遥测设备。随后脑电极植入到声刺激耳蜗核神经反应监测指导，并到地方长期使用固定电极同样所示。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach at

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

古典恐惧制约行为模式大鼠的听觉假肢研究中的应用介绍。这个范例提供一个机制，确定双方的检测和歧视之间，独特的声学和电刺激采用心率作为测量结果。

使用传统的空调和心率的方法刺激听觉声学和电刺激对歧视行为的测定

Acute animal preparations have been used in research prospectively investigating electrode designs and stimulation techniques for integration into neural ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Behavioural Pharmacology in Classical Conditioning of the Proboscis Extension Response in Honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Behavioural Pharmacology in Classical Conditioning of the Proboscis Extension Response in Honeybees Apis mellifera

在蜜蜂的长鼻扩展响应的经典条件反射行为药理学（蜜蜂）

Honeybees (Apis mellifera) are well known for their communication and orientation skills and for their impressive learning capability1,2. Because the ...

科研

神经科学

Preparation and Culture of Chicken Auditory Brainstem Slices

鸡脑干切片的制备及文化

The chicken auditory brainstem is a well-established model system that has been widely used to study the anatomy and physiology of auditory processing at ...

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds

一个轻量级的，耳机为基础的系统操作鸣禽听觉反馈

Experimental manipulations of sensory feedback during complex behavior have provided valuable insights into the computations underlying motor control and ...

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

听觉皮层在成年猫用高场磁共振成像功能成像

Current knowledge of sensory processing in the mammalian auditory system is mainly derived from electrophysiological studies in a variety of animal ...

Simultaneous Detection of c-Fos Activation from Mesolimbic and Mesocortical Dopamine Reward Sites Following Naive Sugar and Fat Ingestion in Rats

从脑边缘和Mesocortical多巴胺奖赏网站继朴素的糖和脂肪摄入大鼠c-fos激活的同时检测

This study uses cellular c-fos activation to assess effects of novel ingestion of fat and sugar on brain dopamine (DA) pathways in rats. Intakes of sugars ...

High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning

鼠脑区的高分辨率定量突触蛋白质双向听觉辨别学习后

The molecular synaptic mechanisms underlying auditory learning and memory remain largely unknown. Here, the workflow of a proteomic study on auditory ...

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

使用的跟踪经典条件反射，评估胎儿酒精谱系障碍大鼠模型海马功能障碍

Neonatal rats were administered a relatively high concentration of ethyl alcohol (11.9% v/v) during postnatal days 4-9, a time when the fetal brain ...

Drosophila Courtship Conditioning As a Measure of Learning and Memory

Drosophila Courtship Conditioning As a Measure of Learning and Memory

果蝇调理作为学习和记忆的措施

Many insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying learning and memory have been elucidated through the use of simple behavioral assays in model ...

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

量化睡眠小鼠的光谱功率和心率的慢速动力学

Three vigilance states dominate mammalian life: wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep, and REM sleep. As more neural correlates of behavior ...

Desensitization and Recovery of Crayfish Photoreceptors Upon Delivery of a Light Stimulus

光刺激后小龙虾光受体的脱敏和回收

A method to study desensitization and recovery of crayfish photoreceptors is presented. We performed intracellular electrical recordings of photoreceptor ...