Name: micropipette aspiration of substrate-attached cells to estimate cell stiffness
Uploaded: 2012-09-27T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Micropipette Aspiration of Substrate-attached Cells to Estimate Cell Stiffness at JoVE.com

1。拉玻璃微 设备：：微管拔轮器，Microforge。 玻璃：Boroscillicate玻璃毛细管（〜1.5毫米的外部直径，〜1.4毫米的内直径）。 <ol><li> 微量被拉到使用相同的基本方法，是用于制备玻璃微电极电生理录音。简要地说，在中间加热的玻璃毛细管，和当玻璃开始熔融时的两个半体的毛细管被拉开产生两个微量。多个商业的...

<ol>
	<li>Rand, R. P., Burton, A. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanical+properties+of+the+red+cell+membrane.+I.+Membrane+stiffness+and+intracellular+pressure.">Mechanical properties of the red cell membrane. I. Membrane stiffness and intracellular pressure.</a> Biophys. J. 4, 115-135 (1964).</li><li>Discher, D. E., Mohandas, N., Evans, E. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+maps+of+red+cell+deformation:+hidden+elasticity+and+in+situ+connectivity.">Molecular maps of red cell deformation: hidden elasticity and in situ connectivity.</a> Science. 266, 1032-1035 (1994).</li><li>Schmid-Sch&#246;nbein, G. W., Sung, K. L., T&#246;zeren, H., Skalak, R., Chien, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Passive+mechanical+properties+of+human+leukocytes.">Passive mechanical properties of human leukocytes.</a> Biophys. J. 36, 243-256 (1981).</li><li>Guilak, F., Tedrow, J. R., Burgkart, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Viscoelastic+properties+of+the+cell+nucleus.">Viscoelastic properties of the cell nucleus.</a> Biochem. Biophys. Re.s Commun. 269, 781-786 (2000).</li><li>Needham, D., Nunn, R. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Elastic+deformation+and+failure+of+lipid+bilayer+membranes+containing+cholesterol.">Elastic deformation and failure of lipid bilayer membranes containing cholesterol.</a> Biophys. J. 58, 997-1009 (1990).</li><li>Sato, M., Theret, D. P., Wheeler, L. T., Ohshima, N., Nerem, R. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+the+micropipette+technique+to+the+measurement+of+cultured+porcine+aortic+endothelial+cell+viscoelastic+properties.">Application of the micropipette technique to the measurement of cultured porcine aortic endothelial cell viscoelastic properties.</a> Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 112, 263-268 (1990).</li><li>Theret, D. P., Levesque, M. J., Sato, F., Nerem, R. M., Wheeler, L. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+application+of+a+homogeneous+half-space+model+in+the+analysis+of+endothelial+cell+micropipette+measurements.">The application of a homogeneous half-space model in the analysis of endothelial cell micropipette measurements.</a> J. of Biomechanical Engineering. 110, 190-199 (1988).</li><li>Hochmuth, R. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micropipette+aspiration+of+living+cells.">Micropipette aspiration of living cells.</a> J. Biomech. 33, 15-22 (2000).</li><li>Lim, C. T., Zhou, E. H., Quek, S. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanical+models+for+living+cells--a+review.">Mechanical models for living cells--a review.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 39, 195 (2006).</li><li>Zhao, R., Wyss, K., Simmons, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+analytical+and+inverse+finite+element+approaches+to+estimate+cell+viscoelastic+properties+by+micropipette+aspiration.">Comparison of analytical and inverse finite element approaches to estimate cell viscoelastic properties by micropipette aspiration.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 42, 2768 (2009).</li><li>Chien, S., Sung, K. L., Skalak, R., Usami, S., Tozeren, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Theoretical+and+experimental+studies+on+viscoelastic+properties+of+erythrocyte+membrane.">Theoretical and experimental studies on viscoelastic properties of erythrocyte membrane.</a> Biophys. J. 24, 463-487 (1978).</li><li>Evans, E., Kuhan, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Passive+material+behavior+of+granulocytes+based+on+large+deformation+and+recovery+after+deformation+tests.">Passive material behavior of granulocytes based on large deformation and recovery after deformation tests.</a> Blood. 64, 1028-1035 (1984).</li><li>Sato, M., Levesque, M. J., Nerem, R. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micropipette+aspiration+of+cultured+bovine+aortic+endothelial+cells+exposed+to+shear+stress.">Micropipette aspiration of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells exposed to shear stress.</a> Arteriosclerosis. 7, 276-286 (1987).</li><li>Byfield, F., Aranda-Aspinoza, H., Romanenko, V. G., Rothblat, G. H., Levitan, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cholesterol+depletion+increases+membrane+stiffness+of+aortic+endothelial+cells.">Cholesterol depletion increases membrane stiffness of aortic endothelial cells.</a> Biophys. J. 87, 3336-3343 (2004).</li><li>Byfield, F. J., Hoffman, B. D., Romanenko, V. G., Fang, Y., Crocker, J. C., Levitan, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evidence+for+the+role+of+cell+stiffness+in+modulation+of+volume-regulated+anion+channels.">Evidence for the role of cell stiffness in modulation of volume-regulated anion channels.</a> Acta. Physiologica. 187, 285-294 (2006).</li><li>Byfield, F. J., Reen, R. K., Shentu, T. -. P., Levitan, I., Gooch, K. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+actin+and+cell+stiffness+is+modulated+by+substrate+stiffness+in+2D+and+3D.">Endothelial actin and cell stiffness is modulated by substrate stiffness in 2D and 3D.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 42, 1114 (2009).</li><li>Evans, E., Needham, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Physical+properties+of+surfactant+bilayer+membranes:+thermal+transitions,+elasticity,+rigidity,+cohesion+and+colloidal+interactions.">Physical properties of surfactant bilayer membranes: thermal transitions, elasticity, rigidity, cohesion and colloidal interactions.</a> Journal of Physical Chemistry. 91, 4219-4228 (1987).</li><li>Sun, M., Northup, N., Marga, F., Huber, T., Byfield, F. J., Levitan, I., Forgacs, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+cellular+cholesterol+on+membrane-cytoskeleton+adhesion.">The effect of cellular cholesterol on membrane-cytoskeleton adhesion.</a> J. Cell. Sci. 120, 2223-2231 (2007).</li><li>Shentu, T. P., Titushkin, I., Singh, D. K., Gooch, K. J., Subbaiah, P. V., Cho, M., Levitan, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=oxLDL-induced+decrease+in+lipid+order+of+membrane+domains+is+inversely+correlated+with+endothelial+stiffness+and+network+formation.">oxLDL-induced decrease in lipid order of membrane domains is inversely correlated with endothelial stiffness and network formation.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol. 299, 218-229 (2010).</li><li>Norman, L. L., Oetama, R. J., Dembo, M., Byfield, F., Hammer, D. A., Levitan, I., Aranda-Espinoza, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modification+of+Cellular+Cholesterol+Content+Affects+Traction+Force,+Adhesion+and+Cell+Spreading.">Modification of Cellular Cholesterol Content Affects Traction Force, Adhesion and Cell Spreading.</a> Cell Mol. Bioeng. 3, 151-162 (2010).</li><li>Mitchinson, J. M., Swann, M. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Mechanical+Properties+of+the+Cell+Surface:+I.+The+Cell+Elastimeter.">The Mechanical Properties of the Cell Surface: I. The Cell Elastimeter.</a> J. of Experimental Biology. 31, 443-460 (1954).</li><li>Byfield, F. J., Tikku, S., Rothblat, G. H., Gooch, K. J., Levitan, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=OxLDL+increases+endothelial+stiffness,+force+generation,+and+network+formation.">OxLDL increases endothelial stiffness, force generation, and network formation.</a> J. Lipid Res. 47, 715-723 (2006).</li><li>Ohashi, T., Ishii, Y., Ishikawa, Y., Matsumoto, T., Sato, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+and+numerical+analyses+of+local+mechanical+properties+measured+by+atomic+force+microscopy+for+sheared+endothelial+cells.">Experimental and numerical analyses of local mechanical properties measured by atomic force microscopy for sheared endothelial cells.</a> Biomed. Mater. Eng. 12, 319-327 (2002).</li><li>Solon, J., Levental, I., Sengupta, K., Georges, P. C., Janmey, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fibroblast+adaptation+and+stiffness+matching+to+soft+elastic+substrates.">Fibroblast adaptation and stiffness matching to soft elastic substrates.</a> Biophysical Journal. 93, 4453 (2007).</li><li>Kowalsky, G. B., Byfield, F. J., Levitan, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=oxLDL+facilitates+flow-induced+realignment+of+aortic+endothelial+cells.">oxLDL facilitates flow-induced realignment of aortic endothelial cells.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol. 295, 332-340 (2008).</li><li>Ketene, A. N., Schmelz, E. M., Roberts, P. C., Agah, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+cancer+progression+on+the+viscoelasticity+of+ovarian+cell+cytoskeleton+structures.">The effects of cancer progression on the viscoelasticity of ovarian cell cytoskeleton structures.</a> Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. , (2011).</li><li>Kole, T. P., Tseng, Y., Huang, L., Katz, J. L., Wirtz, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rho+kinase+regulates+the+intracellular+micromechanical+response+of+adherent+cells+to+rho+activation.">Rho kinase regulates the intracellular micromechanical response of adherent cells to rho activation.</a> Mol. Biol. Cell. 15, 3475-3484 (2004).</li><li>Hall, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rho+GTPases+and+the+Actin+Cytoskeleton.">Rho GTPases and the Actin Cytoskeleton.</a> Science. 279, 509-514 (1998).</li><li>Okajima, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Atomic+Force+Microscopy+for+the+Examination+of+Single+Cell+Rheology.+In.">Atomic Force Microscopy for the Examination of Single Cell Rheology. In.</a> Methods Mol. Biol. 736, 303-329 (2011).</li><li>Wang, N., Butler, J. P., Ingber, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanotransduction+across+the+cell+surface+and+through+the+cytoskeleton.">Mechanotransduction across the cell surface and through the cytoskeleton.</a> Science. 260, 1124-1127 (1993).</li><li>Fabry, B., Maksym, G. N., Butler, J. P., Glogauer, M., Navajas, D., Fredberg, J. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Scaling+the+microrheology+of+living+cells.">Scaling the microrheology of living cells.</a> Physical Review Letters. 87, 148102 (2001).</li><li>Park, C. Y., Tambe, D., Alencar, A. M., Trepat, X., Zhou, E. H., Millet, E., Butler, J. P., Fredberg, J. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mapping+the+cytoskeletal+prestress.">Mapping the cytoskeletal prestress.</a> American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology. 298, C1245-C1252 (2010).</li><li>Munevar, S., Wang, Y., Dembo, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Traction+force+microscopy+of+migrating+normal+and+H-ras+transformed+3T3+fibroblasts.">Traction force microscopy of migrating normal and H-ras transformed 3T3 fibroblasts.</a> Biophys. J. 80, 1744-1757 (2001).</li><li>Wirtz, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Particle-tracking+microrheology+of+living+cells:+principles+and+applications.">Particle-tracking microrheology of living cells: principles and applications.</a> Annu. Rev. Biophys. 38, 301-326 (2009).</li><li>Shin, D., Athanasiou, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cytoindentation+for+obtaining+cell+biomechanical+properties.">Cytoindentation for obtaining cell biomechanical properties.</a> J. Orthop. Res. 17, 880-890 (1999).</li><li>Ou-Yang, H. D., Wei, M. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complex+fluids:+probing+mechanical+properties+of+biological+systems+with+optical+tweezers.">Complex fluids: probing mechanical properties of biological systems with optical tweezers.</a> Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 61, 421-440 (2010).</li><li>Hosu, B. G., Sun, M., Marga, F., Grandbois, M., Forgacs, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Eukaryotic+membrane+tethers+revisited+using+magnetic+tweezers.">Eukaryotic membrane tethers revisited using magnetic tweezers.</a> Phys. Biol. 4, 67-78 (2007).</li></ol>

microaspiration提供了一种简单和高重现性的方法来估计细胞的刚度/可变形性，通过施加负压力至细胞膜和测量细胞膜变形响应于良好定义的压力。它最早是由Mitchison和斯旺（1954年）的海胆卵的弹性性能特征的精辟见解的机制，细胞分裂21，然后看在红血细胞的机械性能。这种方法已被用于多项研究评估的生物力学特性不同的细胞类型（ 如 2,3,12,13）。我们最近的研究扩展了?...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 试剂名称 </td><td> 公司 </td><td> 产品/型号 </td><td> 评论 </td></tr><tr><td>萨特吸管拉马</td><td>萨特仪器</td><td> P-97 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Microforge </td><td>成重</td><td> MF-830 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>倒置荧光显微镜</td><td>蔡司</td><td> Axiovert 200M </td><td>该显微镜应优选配备3D/deconvolution能力。 </td></tr><tr><td>视讯摄影机</td><td>蔡司</td><td> AxioCam MRM </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>图像采集sotware </td><td>蔡司</td><td> AxioVision </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>气动压力传感器</td><td>百特</td><td> DPM-1B </td><td>现在可以DPM1B气压传感器测试仪FLUKE。 </td></tr><tr><td>用移液管玻璃</tD&gt; <td>丽晶</td><td>定制玻璃</td><td>移液器定制的1.2内径1.6外径。 </td></tr><tr><td> DiI荧光染料</td><td> Invitrogen公司</td><td> D282 </td><td>溶解在DMSO </td></tr></tbody></table>

micropipette aspiration of substrate-attached cells to estimate cell stiffness

越来越多的研究表明，在多种细胞功能，包括细胞增殖，分化，迁移和细胞间的相互作用，单个细胞的生物力学性能中扮演重要角色。细胞生物力学的两个关键参数是细胞的变形能力，刚度和能力的细胞收缩，产生力量。在这里，我们描述了一种快速和简单的方法来估计细胞通过测量在由玻璃微到细胞表面，被称为微吸管或Microaspiration一种技术，响应于施加的负压的程度的膜变形的刚度。 通过拉动玻璃毛细管创建一个微量吸移管，用一个非常小的尖端（2-50微米直径的细胞或组织样本的大小取决于），然后将其连接到一个气动压力换能器，并带来了一个密切进行microaspiration周边的细胞在显微镜下观察。当的移液管的尖端接触的细胞，负压的工序，被施加到吸液管的充气产生良好定义的细胞膜上的压力的压力传感器。以响应于压力，膜被吸入到吸液管和渐进的的膜变形或进入吸移管被作为时间的函数的测量的“膜投影”。本实验的方法的基本原则是，响应于定义的机械力的膜的变形程度是一个函数的膜刚度。更硬的膜，膜变形和率越慢越短的稳态的抽吸length.The技术可以执行分离的细胞，无论是在悬浮液和基板连接，大的细胞器，和脂质体。 进行分析，通过比较不同的细胞群或实验条件下，一个给定的压力下实现最大的膜的变形。 A“刚性系数”是EStimated通过绘制送气膜变形长度作为所施加的压力的函数。此外，可以进一步分析数据来估计细胞的杨氏模量（E），最常见的参数来表征的材料的刚度。重要的是要注意，可以被看作是真核细胞的质膜，其中深层次的由子膜细胞骨架，它是细胞骨架构成的膜的机械支架，占主导地位的可变形膜的脂质双层的双组分系统的蜂窝的信封。这种做法，因此，可以探测子膜细胞骨架的生物力学特性。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Micropipette Aspiration of Substrate-attached Cells to Estimate Cell Stiffness at JoVE.com

Micropipette Aspiration of Substrate-attached Cells to Estimate Cell Stiffness

在这里，我们描述了一个快速和简单的方法来测量细胞的刚度。这种方法的一般原则是响应于施加到细胞表面通过微量吸移管的良好定义的负压来测量膜变形。这种方法提供了一个功能强大的工具，研究基板贴壁细胞的生物力学特性。

基质贴壁细胞的微管吸吮的估计单元刚度

Growing number of studies show that biomechanical properties of individual cells play major roles in multiple cellular functions, including cell ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

循环压力为生物反应器的设计体外主动脉心脏瓣膜的研究

The aortic valve, located between the left ventricle and the aorta, allows for unidirectional blood flow, preventing backflow into the ventricle. Aortic ...

科研

生物工程

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC) to Different Lineages

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells hESC to Different Lineages

海藻酸钠微胶囊作为一个人类胚胎干细胞（胚胎干细胞）的繁殖和分化的3D平台，以不同的谱系

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) are emerging as an attractive alternative source for cell replacement therapy since they can be expanded in culture ...

Spatio-Temporal Manipulation of Small GTPase Activity at Subcellular Level and on Timescale of Seconds in Living Cells

在活细胞中的小GTPase活性时空操纵在亚细胞水平上几秒钟的时间刻度

Dynamic regulation of the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) with great spatiotemporal precision is essential for various cellular ...

Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesoangioblast-like Myogenic Progenitors in Mouse Models of Muscle Regeneration

在肌肉再生的老鼠模型中移植诱导多能干细胞衍生的中生代细胞样肌原体

Patient-derived iPSCs could be an invaluable source of cells for future autologous cell therapy protocols. iPSC-derived myogenic stem/progenitor cells ...

Ordering Single Cells and Single Embryos in 3D Confinement: A New Device for High Content Screening

订货单细胞和单胚胎的三维约束：高内涵筛选新设备

Biological cells are usually observed on flat (2D) surfaces. This condition is not physiological, and phenotypes and shapes are highly variable. Screening ...

Simple Polyacrylamide-based Multiwell Stiffness Assay for the Study of Stiffness-dependent Cell Responses

简单的聚丙烯酰胺为基础的多井刚度检测方法的刚度依赖的细胞反应的研究

Currently, most of the in vitro cell research is performed on rigid tissue culture polystyrene (~1 GPa), while most cells in the body are attached to a ...

A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation

基于数字图像相关的骨折检测中股骨皮质应变的估算方法

This protocol describes the method using digital image correlation to estimate cortical strain from high speed video images of the cadaveric femoral ...

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture on Polyvinyl Alcohol-Co-Itaconic Acid Hydrogels with Varying Stiffness Under Xeno-Free Conditions

异条件下具有不同刚度的聚乙烯醇-钴-衣康酸水凝胶的人多能干细胞培养

The effect of physical cues, such as the stiffness of biomaterials on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, has been investigated by ...

Stiffness Measurement of Soft Silicone Substrates for Mechanobiology Studies Using a Widefield Fluorescence Microscope

用 Widefield 荧光显微镜研究软硅基美国匹茨堡的刚度测量

Soft tissues in the human body typically have stiffness in the kilopascal (kPa) range. Accordingly, silicone and hydrogel flexible substrates have been ...

Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

人类诱导多能干细胞衍生心肌细胞中的单细胞光学作用潜在测量

Conventional intracellular microelectrode techniques to quantify cardiomyocyte electrophysiology are extremely complex, labor intensive, and typically ...